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Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifty-seven patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were started on either fluphenazine decanoate or flupenthixol decanoate injections in a double-blind trial just prior to discharge into the community. During the six month follow-up 30 per cent dropped out of the treatment. Of those observed for six months, 7 per cent relapsed, 54 per cent experienced depressive symptoms and 88 per cent extrapyramidial side-effects. Analysis of both clinical data and the ratings failed to discriminate between the two drugs.
Br J Psychiatry 1979 Dec
PMID:Depressive and extrapyramidal symptoms and clinical effects: a trial of fluphenazine versus flupenthixol in maintenance of schizophrenic out-patients. 39 94

The families of 29 disturbed but nonpsychotic adolescents were observed in a structured task in which they discussed their reactions to viewing themselves interacting on videotape. Measures derived from the Singer-Wynne concenpt of transactional style deviance were applied to the parental behaviors and related to prior assessments of parental communication disorder based on individual parental TAT protocols. The results confirm the Singer-Wynne hypothesis of the cross-situational stability of transactional style deviance. The most striking finding, however, is that an index of positive focusing behavior differentiates more strongly parents of adolescents hypothesized to be at varying leves of risk for schizophrenia than does the measure of transactional style deviance.
Fam Process 1977 Dec
PMID:Parental focus of attention in a videotape feedback task as a function of hypothesized risk for offspring schizophrenia. 59 Apr 75

Virtually all modern inpatient psychiatric units operate on the assumptions that family presence, when the identified patient has schizophrenia, does affect outcome and that adding brief family intervention to the treatment prescription will enhance hospital and posthospital outcome. Often the family intervention is believed not adequate in terms of duration or frequency or quality (since trainees are the family therapists), given the standards of some experienced family clinicians. This report addresses these issues by comparing outcome measures for hospitalized patients with schizophrenia by (a) presence of a family and (b) amount and/or kind of family intervention. Most importantly, we wished to learn if global outcome would show change by virtue of family therapy (within the constraints imposed by the above limitations of family intervention).
Fam Process 1977 Dec
PMID:The effects of family presence and brief family intervention on global outcome for hospitalized schizophrenic patients. 59 Apr 78

After exposure to a low and high dose dexamethasone regime, 11 of 34 acute psychiatric inpatients demonstrated abnormal dexamethasone suppression characterized by morning and/or mid-afternoon escape from suppression. This abnormality of suppression was found in primary depression, in mania, and in acute schizophrenia. In primary depression, the presence of abnormal dexamethasone suppression failed to discriminate "endogenous" depressed from "other depressed" subjects. Because nonsuppression to a high dose of dexamethasone is also found in patients with ectopic ACTH secretion and in patients with autonomous adrenal tumors, caution is necessary in the interpretation of nonsuppression which persists after recovery from psychiatric illness. As patients with Cushing's syndrome of uncertain etiology may be referred to a psychiatrist for a diagnostic evaluation, the psychological correlates of abnormal dexamethasone suppression need to be established with greater certainty.
Can Psychiatr Assoc J 1977 Dec
PMID:A two-dose dexamethasone suppression test in patients with psychiatric illness. 59 3

The psychiatric medical records of adolescents admitted to a major county receiving hospital over a six-month period were reviewed to discover the patterns of care. While 92 patients were admitted, medical records for only 56 were available from the record room. The two most common diagnoses were schizophrenia and adjustment reaction of adolescence. Patients diagnosed as schizophrenic received a major tranquilizer both at admission and at discharge; their hospitalization averaged 38 days. About half of these diagnosed as having an adjustment reaction were given a major tranquilizer at admission and at discharge; their average hospitalization was 21 days. In his review of the charts, the author found that a great deal of the data necessary for the analysis either were unavailable or were presented in a way that prevented accurate or reliable interpretation. He offers several recommendations for improving documentation in medical records of adolescents.
Hosp Community Psychiatry 1977 Dec
PMID:A review of the medical records of adolescent psychiatric inpatients in a general hospital. 59 12

The perceptual behavior of process and reactive schizophrenics under neutral and stress conditions suggests an hypothesis that the former employ a repressive ego defensive mode in these conditions while reactives employ a sensitization mode. The Repression-Sensitization scale of the MMPI was administered to a sample of hospitalized process and reactive schizophrenics to test the hypothesis. Scores of the process group did not indicate modal repression. Reactives' scores were, however, well toward the sensitization pole and significantly higher than those of the process group. Results support the concept of a sensitization defensive mode as a characteristic dimension in the etiology of reactive schizophrenia.
Percept Mot Skills 1977 Dec
PMID:Reactive schizophrenia and perceptual sensitization. 60 Jun 38

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity has been measured in the platelets of controls (n = 42) and schizophrenic patients (n = 49) of three subtypes, using beta-phenylethylamine, p-tyramine, and tryptamine as substrates. Characteristic differences of MAO activity were observed between platelets of patients and controls; the differences were substrate-typic: decreased enzyme activity was found with all three substrates in platelets of the parnaoid subtype. With tryptamine, MAO activity was decreased in the platelets of all three sub-types of schizophrenia. With p-tyramine, MAO was low in patients with affective psychoses and paranoid schizophrenia. The value of MAO activity measurements as a means for distinguishing sub-types of schizophrenic disorders is improved by using two substrates; tryptamine and p-tyramine. Possible mechanisms of the substrate-typic changes of platelet MAO activity in schizophrenia are discussed.
Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr (1970) 1977 Dec 28
PMID:Substrate-typic changes of platelet monoamine oxidase activity in sub-types of schizophrenia. 60 5

Schneider's diagnostic system of first-rank symptoms (FRS) is acknowledged by psychiatrists throughout the world as a decisive basis for the diagnosis of schizophrenia. Recently, the author's and others' works have challenged this view. This report examines the relationship between FRS, psychotic symptoms, prognosis, and outcome at the postacute stage. The assessment of FRS was made from an interview schedule (a modification of the Wing Present State Examination) developed for the systematic assessment of psychotic symptoms. The results question the utility of FRS as a primary diagnostic approach to schizophrenia, suggesting that Schneider's system may not be superior to other diagnostic approaches.
Am J Psychiatry 1978 Dec
PMID:First-rank symptoms in the postacute schizophrenic: a follow-up study. 71 61

After a short historical review the main symptoms of schizophrenia such as disorders of thought, perception, emotion and motor behavior are discussed. Doing this, the acknowledgements of the classical German psychiatry are displayed. Finally, the Schneiderian first and second rank symptoms (Symptome 1. und 2. Ranges) and the Bleulerian basic symptoms (Grundsymptome) are discussed.
Fortschr Med 1978 Dec 07
PMID:[Psychopathology of schizophrenic diseases]. 72 Oct 5

The urinary excretion of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) and other catecholamine metabolites was measured in a series of 63 patients with various clinically defined subtypes of depressive disorders. MHPG excretion was significantly lower in patients with bipolar manic-depressive depressions and schizo-affective depressions than in patients with unipolar nonendogenous depressions. Patients with schizophrenia-related depressions also excreted reduced levels of MHPG when compared with patients with unipolar nonendogenous depressions. Moreover, levels of urinary epinephrine and metanephrine were significantly lower in patients with schizophrenia-related depressions. These data, coupled with our recent finding that patients with schizophrenia-related depressions had significantly higher levels of platelet monoamine oxidase activity than control subjects of patients with unipolar endogenous depressions, suggest that we can discriminate three biochemically discrete subgroups of depressive disorders corresponding to the following clinically defined subtypes: (1) the bipolar manic-depressive depressions plus the schizo-affective depressions; (2) the unipolar nonendogenous depressions; and (3) the schizophrenia-related depressions.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1978 Dec
PMID:Toward a biochemical classification of depressive disorders. I. Differences in urinary excretion of MHPG and other catecholamine metabolites in clinically defined subtypes of depressions. 72 78


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