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Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Kinesthetic Figural Aftereffect test was administered to 106 psychiatric inpatients to assess styles of stimulus processing in schizophrenia. Three conditions were used: (1) standard stimulus conditions at the acute phase; (2) standard conditions, 7 wk. later, to evaluate stability over time; (3) reversed stimulus conditions to assess kinesthetic figural aftereffect generality under different stimulus conditions. Results indicated that: (1) schizophrenics reduced stimuli, but differences between patient groups were not significant. (2) Kinesthetic figural aftereffect stability over time was shown by nonschizophrenics (p less than .01) but not by schizophrenic and borderline patients. (3) All diagnostic groups reversed kinesthetic figural aftereffect responses under reversed stimulus conditions, e.g., former "augmenters" tended to reduce more under agumenting conditions, suggesting the importance of the specific stimulus conditions. (4) Acute schizophrenics showed a stimulus-governed style. (5) The results raise questions about kinesthetic figural aftereffects as a measure of response style.
Percept Mot Skills 1975 Oct
PMID:Kinesthetic figural aftereffects in acute schizophrenia: a style of processing stimuli. 24 70

A neuropsychological assessment stressing lateralized perceptual-motor and cognitive abilities was administered to two groups of hospitalized child and adolescent psychiatric patients, 25 schizophrenics and 25 non-psychotics. The findings included an increased incidence of crossed eye-hand dominance in schizophrenics, poorer tactile sensory function in the right hands of schizophrenics than in the left hands, and lower Vocabulary and Similarities WISC subtest scores than Block Design and Object Assembly scores for schizophrenics. Right-left confusion was associated with finger agnosia for schizophrenics. The results supported the hypothesis that there may be left-hemisphere dysfunction in schizophrenia; however, no single pattern of dysfunction was apparent.
Percept Mot Skills 1979 Oct
PMID:Differing lateralized perceptual-motor patterns in schizophrenic and non-psychotic children. 51 81

The perceptual behavior of process and reactive schizophrenics under neutral and stress conditions suggests an hypothesis that the former employ a repressive ego defensive mode in these conditions while reactives employ a sensitization mode. The Repression-Sensitization scale of the MMPI was administered to a sample of hospitalized process and reactive schizophrenics to test the hypothesis. Scores of the process group did not indicate modal repression. Reactives' scores were, however, well toward the sensitization pole and significantly higher than those of the process group. Results support the concept of a sensitization defensive mode as a characteristic dimension in the etiology of reactive schizophrenia.
Percept Mot Skills 1977 Dec
PMID:Reactive schizophrenia and perceptual sensitization. 60 Jun 38

A resume is given of various doubts raised concerning the application of signal-detection theory to discrimination tasks involving 'supra-threshold' stimuli, as in tests of vigilance and selective attention. The validity of this theory in pathological conditions, such as schizophrenia, is also questioned. The continuing need for a unitary index combining errors or omission and commission is emphasized and the various indices so far proposed are compared using experimental data. A new Error Index is offered as a more satisfactory resolution.
Percept Mot Skills 1976 Feb
PMID:Comparison of scoring methods for tests of attention, including an error index for use with schizophrenic patients. 76 96

The present study reports on the association between Phenylthiocarbamide tasting for paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenic patients. The incidence of PTC tasting is highly variable, and tasters and nontasters are frequently associated with some pathological states. 25 paranoid and 25 nonparanoid schizophrenic patients were examined for their PTC taste sensitivity. Frequency of paranoid tasters resembles the distribution of the normal population, whereas the nonparanoid patients are significantly different in their taste thresholds, with a higher incidence of nontasters. The members of this latter group have twice the incidence of psychiatric illness in their family histories as those of the former group. The significance of these findings is discussed as related to vulnerability for schizophrenia.
Percept Mot Skills 1992 Apr
PMID:Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) tasting in paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenic patients. 159 98

This study provides a description of replicated findings of limited heterogeneity in DSM-III schizophrenics. Based now on a sample of 145 schizophrenics, in 1984 and 182 in 1991 it is suggested that the diagnosis is primarily given to chronic patients with poor prognoses, in turn restricting the utility of a process-reactive conceptualization of schizophrenia.
Percept Mot Skills 1991 Apr
PMID:Homogeneity and heterogeneity in schizophrenia. 185 64

Research on the use of the Rorschach in the diagnosis of schizophrenia is reviewed. The analysis of this research (from that done by Rorschach to the most recent) indicates that schizophrenics do not respond in any unique fashion to any particular determinant or any particular card. The research also indicates that the computation of percentages and ratios, no matter how complex, does not facilitate the identification of a schizophrenic process. What the research does demonstrate is that schizophrenia, in its overt as well as latent and borderline forms, is detectable on the Rorschach through an analysis of the patient's thinking. The thinking of the schizophrenic reveals highly personal, illogical, and bizarre associations to the blots. This analysis of thinking is not accomplished through assessment of the formal properties of the blots, e.g., the analysis of response to color, movement, shading, the color-to-movement ratio, or form level (low form level proves to be a function of psychoticism, not schizophrenia, per se) but more in terms of the phenomenology of the responses.
Percept Mot Skills 1990 Oct
PMID:Research on the clinical usefulness of the Rorschach: 1. The diagnosis of schizophrenia. 225 Oct 90

In a prior study, schizophrenic patients' tendency to over-estimate short time intervals was about the same for the different types of schizophrenia (DSM-III criteria). Reanalysis showed patients with positive and negative schizophrenia did not differ in their time estimations.
Percept Mot Skills 1990 Dec
PMID:Estimation of time by patients with positive and negative schizophrenia. 229 84

Color preferences of 20 inpatients with ICD-9 diagnosis of schizophrenia were compared with those of 24 normal control subjects by means of the cards of the Luescher 8 Color Test. The only significant difference was found on the Luescher Anxiety Scale; however, this difference seems too weak for practical clinical use.
Percept Mot Skills 1988 Aug
PMID:Color preference of ICD-9 schizophrenics and normal controls. 321 66

Thinking disturbance and disorder of affects may be different in two subtypes of schizophrenia, the "florid" and the "withdrawal" syndromes. In Exner's approach to the Rorschach system, the diagnostic indicators of disordered thinking may point out large differences not only between schizophrenic and control subjects but also between different types of schizophrenics. The Rorschach protocols of 45 subjects (15 "florid" schizophrenics, 15 "withdrawn" schizophrenics, and 15 controls of the same age and education, matched by sex) were examined on several Exner indices. Compared with the control group, both schizophrenic types confirmed an impairment of perceptual accuracy and of reality testing as well as a reduced emotional control. Compared with the "withdrawn" group, the "florid" schizophrenic subjects showed significantly higher indices of poor perceptual functioning, of an inadequate organizational activity (more Whole and Z responses characterized by negative Form Quality) and greater disordered ideational production.
Percept Mot Skills 1988 Oct
PMID:Rorschach indices for discriminating between two schizophrenic syndromes. 321 85


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