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Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The MHQ is a brief self-rating inventory purporting to measure aspects of six distinct categories of psychoneurosis and affective status. It has been found to be a reliable instrument and also valid as a profile measure. Two individual scales have also previously been explored in respect of validity. The present report describes a further attempt to examine the validity of individual scales in relation to pertinent single clinical diagnostic entities in a study involving 800 patients. The phobic and obsessional scales are found to be particularly accurate and differentiating in this respect. Patients variously diagnosed as suffering from anxiety states, depressive states and personality disorder tend to score very highly on several scales. The instrument serves overall to distinguish satisfactorily between such populations and others suffering from schizophrenia and anorexia nervosa. It also markedly differentiates them from 'normal' populations.
Br J Med Psychol 1978 Sep
PMID:The Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire: a validity study. 68 30

Three important elements in Bleuler's work are described and criticized: the fundamental-accessory dichotomy, the primary-secondary dichotomy, and question of diagnosis. The major influences on Schneider's thinking are outlined and his general approach to psychopathology, criteria for the diagnosis of schizophrenia, and approach to clinical evaluation are described. The work of Mayer-Gross and Langfeldt, whose diagnostic formulations integrate the thinking of Bleuler and Schneider is briefly described. Finally, the contributions of these 4 authors are compared and contrasted, and their respective impact on the current study of schizophrenia is assessed.
J Clin Psychiatry 1978 Sep
PMID:Bleuler, Schneider and schizophrenia. 69 87

During a 13-month period, 9 patients with phencyclidine-induced psychosis were admitted to Darnall Army Hospital. They exhibited hostility agitation, and tangentiality and had delusions of influence and religious grandiosity. Six subjects reported auditory hallucinations, and 4 were disoriented in at least 1 sphere. Despite treatment with antipsychotic medication, the psychotic episodes often persisted for more than 30 days. Our clinical finding of prolonged psychotic reactions, together with previous reports of the effects of phencyclidine, suggests that phenycyclidine provides an intriguing drug model for schizophrenia.
Am J Psychiatry 1978 Sep
PMID:Phencyclidine-induced psychosis. 69 30

Data collected by a single observer on 147 schizophrenic patients were subjected to clustering analysis. The results produced the hypothesis that schizophrenic illnesses directly after childbirth are a separate disease entity. This hypothesis was not disproved by experimental testing. Several disease entities may be included in the term schizophrenia. If this is so, the methods used in generating and testing the hypothesis that puerperal schizophrenia is a separate disease may provide a systematic method of classifying the various illnesses.
Br Med J 1978 Sep 09
PMID:Taxonomic map of the schizophrenias, with special reference to puerperal psychosis. 69 7

The psychiatric literature contains numerous accounts of psychoses found worldwide that do not fit classic definitions of schizophrenia, manic-depression, or organic brain syndrome. These vaguely defined 'atypical psychoses' are under scrutiny because of growing knowledge and more rigorous methodology in descriptive and cross-cultural psychiatry. The authors trace the history of atypical psychosis concepts from the contributions of Kraepelin, Jaspers, and Freud to contemporary European and Anglo-American viewpoints. Studies of the atypical psychoses are reviewed in the light of current validation methods in psychiatry. Several methodologic problems plague this area: inadequate definitions, etiologic prejudice, poor premorbid and follow-up assessment, as well as certain naive notions about psychopathology in different cultures. Consequently, knowledge of atypical psychosis is limited and largely impractical. The authors suggest several possibilities for interpreting present and future evidence about these disorders and certain strategies for future studies.
Cult Med Psychiatry 1978 Sep
PMID:The atypical psychoses. 71 Jan 73

A critical examination of the data for and against genetic factors in early infantile autism and childhood schizophrenia is presented. The extreme rareness of both disorders made analysis difficult. No strong evidence exists implicating genetics in the development of childhood psychoses that begin before the age of 5. Family pedigree data fail to support psychogenic transmission because very few siblings of early onset cases are affected. Biological but not genetic etiological agents are more likely. Genetic factors are implicated in the development of psychoses that begin near pubescence and such factors appear to overlap with those for adult schizophrenia. Reevaluation of the minimum age of onset for adult-type schizophrenia is suggested.
J Autism Child Schizophr 1976 Sep
PMID:The genetics, if any, of infantile autism and childhood schizophrenia. 79 20

A 12-year-old boy who had suffered from severe schizophrenia for 8 years developed myasthenia gravis. Both disorders were treated simultaneously and successfully with neostigmine bromide. The authors suggest that these two disorders may in some cases be part of the same disease process and urge that physicians consider this possibility in patients with severe emotional problems and muscle weakness.
Am J Psychiatry 1977 Sep
PMID:Coexisting childhood schizophrenia and myasthenia gravis treated successfully with neostigmine bromide. 90 Feb 86

Schizophrenia and posterior aphasia are easily cross-diagnosed, primarily because of similarities in verbal output, i.e., vagueness, looseness of association, and apparent confusion. Tape-recorded interviews with 8 posterior aphasics and 10 "loose" schizophrenics were transcribed and analyzed to provide guidelines for the clinician to differentiate the two conditions by monitoring verbal expression. Six major differentiating characteristics were identified. The authors present hypotheses that emphasize differing neuroanatomical loci and neuropsychological mechanisms to explain the differences in verbal output in schizophrenia and posterior aphasia.
Am J Psychiatry 1977 Sep
PMID:Diagnosis: schizophrenia versus posterior aphasia. 90 Mar 5

Catatonia has generally been assumed by many physicians to be a subtype of schizophrenia. Numerous cases have been reported in the literature associating catatonia with other psychiatric and also medical illnesses. The present report describes a patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) who presented in a catatonic state. A brief differential diagnosis of catatonia is also included.
Dis Nerv Syst 1977 Sep
PMID:Catatonia and systemic lupus erythematosus. 90 61

Two chronic schizophrenic out-patients with tardive dyskinesia were treated with chlorpromazine in 2 regimens -- once-daily and four times-daily -- using a cross-over design. Two "blind" raters evaluated the severity of symptoms of tardive dyskinesia, pseudoparkinsonism and schizophrenia on rating scales every week during the 14-week-trial period. Results showed that the intensity of dyskinesia was significantly lower, and that of pseudoparkinsonism higher (but not significantly) with Q.I.D. than with O.D. medication. Symptoms of schizophrenia did not vary in severity appreciably with the two frequencies of drug intake. It is suggested that multiple-dose administration of a phenothiazine maintains a steady level of dopamine blockade throughout the day and thus masks the manifestations of tardive dyskinesia.
Dis Nerv Syst 1977 Sep
PMID:Masking of tardive dyskinesia with four times-a-day administration of chlorpromazine. 90 64


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