Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Platelets were found to emit a burst of chemiluminescence during incubation with arachidonic or linoleic acid. This chemiluminescence response may indicate activation of the enzyme prostaglandin synthase in the arachidonate-induced platelet chemiluminescence as it is inhibited by aspirin. Stimulation of platelets with arachidonic acid and linoleic acid induced a concentration dependent chemiluminescence response. Platelets from drug naive schizophrenic subjects showed significantly increased arachidonic acid metabolism compared to control subjects. No significant difference was observed between schizophrenic and control subjects in the chemiluminescence response to linoleic acid. In schizophrenic subjects treated with neuroleptic drugs the overactive arachidonic acid response was normalized. Linoleic acid chemiluminescence response was unaffected by neuroleptic treatment. Hyperactive cyclooxygenase activity may reflect a similar condition in the brain and implicates prostaglandin pathway abnormalities in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
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PMID:Increased arachidonic acid induced platelet chemiluminescence indicates cyclooxygenase overactivity in schizophrenic subjects. 961 Aug 37

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is briefly characterized and several of the hypothesized neuroanatomical and neurochemical substrates of this etiologically heterogeneous syndrome are indicated as well as similarities among OCD, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. A neuronal membrane phospholipid hypothesis is proposed for OCD analogous to those developed for schizophrenia by Horrobin et al. and for bipolar disorder by Stoll et al. Essential fatty acid (EFA) dietary supplementation has shown some efficacy in treating schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients and should also be considered for OCD. Supporting this, a case report is presented of a subject with OCD who developed comorbid paresthesia, for whose latter condition a regimen of ibuprofen was instituted. Thirteen weeks thereafter subject's OCD symptomatology had declined by 40% (YBOC scale) from baseline. Inasmuch as ibuprofen and numerous other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) block brain neuronal prostaglandin synthase (several also inhibiting phospholipases A(2)and C), thereby reducing catabolism of neuronal membrane arachidonic acid, the ibuprofen apparently increased the integrity of subject's neuronal membranes, as would likely also be the case with EFA dietary supplementation. This OCD NSAID-EFA therapy concept should be further tested by seeking other OCD subjects, especially from arthritis and rheumatism practices (where NSAIDS are routinely employed) and medical record data banks, as OCD has an estimated worldwide population lifetime prevalence of 1% to 3% and at least a subset of OCD patients might possibly benefit.
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PMID:Obsessive-compulsive disorder: a neuronal membrane phospholipid hypothesis and concomitant therapeutic strategy. 1133 39

We investigated the etiology of the attenuated niacin skin flush response in schizophrenia patients. Skin response to topical niacin of 0.1M, 0.01 M, 0.001 M, and 0.0001 M concentrations was rated using method of volumetric niacin response (VNR) and correlated to two functional A/G polymorphisms in genes: phospholipase A2 group IVA (BanI of the PLA2G4A), and rs689466 of the prostaglandin synthase-2 (PTGS2). We further tested the possible correlation between niacin response and fatty acid (FA) content of red blood cells (RBCs). We detected statistically significant but weak impact of both polymorphisms on niacin flush response in schizophrenia patients. The dosage of the G alleles of both polymorphisms was associated with higher VNR values, although each polymorphic variant accounted for only 1% of the overall flush response variability. Regarding FA content, both n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) were significantly reduced in the patient group, but an association with niacin sensitivity was not detected.
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PMID:The impact of PLA2G4A and PTGS2 gene polymorphisms, and red blood cell PUFAs deficit on niacin skin flush response in schizophrenia patients. 2321 38