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Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We compared the formal thought disorder ratings of 27 children with complex partial seizure disorder, 31 schizophrenic children and 58 normal children. The epileptic children with fullscale IQ scores below 100 had significantly more formal thought disorder than normal children with a similar IQ. The severity of their formal thought disorder was related to the age of seizure onset, seizure control and a diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder. The schizophrenic children had thought disorder irrespective of IQ scores. The cognitive correlates of their formal thought disorder scores differed from those of the epileptic children. Possible anatomical substrates of thought disorder in childhood complex partial seizure disorder and schizophrenia are discussed.
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PMID:Formal thought disorder in pediatric complex partial seizure disorder. 142 65

A case of schizophrenia associated with complex partial seizure disorder and postictal violence, both refractory to conventional treatment, is presented. Adjunctive treatment with clonazepam resulted in the cessation of the seizures and of persistent, violent hallucinations. The theoretical implications for possible mechanisms underlying at least some types of aggressive behavior are discussed.
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PMID:Antiaggressive effect of adjunctive clonazepam in schizophrenia associated with seizure disorder. 334 99

Psychosis commonly occurs as a direct result of complex partial seizure disorder (CPSD). This organic mental disorder is indeed "complex" and is easily and frequently misdiagnosed as a variety of functional disorders, including schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar illness, psychotic depression, and, at best, "atypical psychosis." However, this important clinical syndrome has several clinical features that suggest its presence and which often permit it to be distinguished from other forms of psychosis. Furthermore, this disorder can be successfully treated with limbic anticonvulsants, with or without neuroleptics and/or lithium, but it is generally refractory to neuroleptic medications alone. In this paper, the author reviews the available literature relevant to the clinical phenomenology and treatment of this topic and illustrates the clinical profiles of 10 treatment-refractory patients admitted to a state hospital with previously undiagnosed psychoses secondary to CPSD. This illness needs to be seriously considered in the differential diagnosis of severely ill patients with atypical psychoses refractory to traditional treatments.
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PMID:The phenomenology of psychosis associated with complex partial seizure disorder. 916 35

Structured psychiatric interviews were administered to 60 children with complex partial seizure disorder (CPS), 40 children with primary generalized epilepsy with absences (PGE), and 48 control children, aged 5 to 16 years. Significantly more patients with epilepsy had psychiatric diagnoses compared with the control children. There were no statistically significant differences, however, in the number of patients with CPS and PGE with psychiatric diagnoses. Other than a schizophrenia-like psychosis found only in the patients with CPS, the two groups of patients had similar psychiatric diagnoses. The presence of psychopathology was related to significantly lower IQ scores and socioeconomic status, but not to seizure-related factors. These findings suggest that the psychopathology of children with CPS and PGE reflects different subtle neuropsychological deficits.
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PMID:Psychopathology in pediatric complex partial and primary generalized epilepsy. 988 76

23 unselected juvenile firesetters (M age 12.0 yr.) consisted of seven with schizophrenia, three with organic mental disorder, six with posttraumatic stress disorder, two with severe mental retardation, and two with conduct disorders. Three previously nondestructive boys (M age 11.0 yr.), all of them loners, did not fit such traditional diagnoses. Their fleeting (c. 20 min.) symptoms included flat affect, autonomic arousal, and delusions or hallucinations. It appeared that their motiveless, unplanned acts were each preceded by a chance encounter with an individualized stimulus which revived the three boys' repeatedly ruminated memories of intermittently experienced merely moderate stresses associated with fire, smoke, or matches. Such a sequence of events is characteristic of seizure kindling. One boy's abnormal EEG was congruent with seizures in the temporal lobe area, which includes the amygdala, i.e., that part of the limbic system particularly susceptible to seizure kindling. The three boys' consistent symptomatology was very similar to that reported for 17 men with bizarre homicidal acts implicating a kindled partial seizure called "Limbic Psychotic Trigger Reaction." In primates, too, similar partial nonconvulsive "behavioral seizures" with psychosis-like symptoms can be elicited through experiential kindling.
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PMID:Motiveless firesetting: implicating partial limbic seizure kindling by revived memories of fires in "Limbic Psychotic Trigger Reaction". 1040 7

Submicroscopic recurrent 16p11.2 rearrangements are associated with several neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism, mental retardation, and schizophrenia. The common 16p11.2 region includes 24 known genes, of which 22 are expressed in the developing human fetal nervous system. As yet, the mechanisms leading to neurodevelopmental abnormalities and the broader phenotypes associated with deletion or duplication of 16p11.2 have not been clarified. Here we report a child with spastic quadriparesis, refractory infantile seizures, severe global developmental delay, hypotonia, and microcephaly, and a de novo 598 kb 16p11.2 microduplication. Family history is negative for any of these features in parents and immediate family members. Sequencing analyses showed no mutations in DOC2A, QPRT, and SEZ6L2, genes within the duplicated 16p11.2 region that have been implicated in neuronal function and/or seizure related phenotypes. The child's clinical course is consistent with a rare seizure disorder called malignant migrating partial seizure disorder of infancy, raising the possibility that duplication or disruption of genes in the 16p11.2 interval may contribute to this severe disorder.
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PMID:Duplication 16p11.2 in a child with infantile seizure disorder. 2050 37

This paper describes the creative research works by Prof Mitsumoto Sato. Prof Sato considered kindling effect, which was discovered by Goddard in 1969, as a good model of epilepsy, psychosis and engram of memory. He first carried out amygdala kindling effect researches in Vancouver. After his return to Japan, Prof Sato continued to study on hippocampus kindling and temporal lobe cortex kindling and their transference phenomenon. He reported on the formation of kindling effect, its development time frame, distinct stage-wise progression, tendency to return to partial seizure, recurrent spontaneous convulsive seizures similar to the kindled one, relationship with limbic-brain stem connections and transference phenomenon. Later Prof Sato studied so-called dopamine kindling, but pointed out the necessity to differentiate this phenomenon from kindling and called this as reverse tolerance phenomenon. Prof Sato found that repeated use of central stimulant generate psychosis similar to schizophrenia and reported that chronic intake of catecholaminergic agents can cause long-term change of the brain with cross sensitization, and clarified that reverse tolerance phenomenon can be triggered by other kind of catechoraminergic agents and that dopamine receptor blockers can suppress this phenomenon. Together with additional clinical studies on stimulant-induced psychosis, Prof Sato found that reverse tolerance phenomenon is a new experimental tool for investigating vulnerability of psychoses including schizophrenia. Later Prof Sato led the renaming of schizophrenia movement in Japan. This tells best the integrated interest as scientist and humanitarian clinician to provide help to people who suffer from psychosis.
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PMID:Study on pathological mechanisms of temporal lobe epilepsy and psychosis through kindling effect. 2305 Oct 16

The relationship between epilepsy and behavior disorders will be briefly outlined, and an initial distinction between periictal and interictal disorders made. This paper will concentrate on the periictal disorders. These include the ictally driven psychoses, such as complex partial seizure status and absence status. There will then be a discussion of the postictal psychoses. It will be noted how these form a constant clinical picture, which sometimes goes unrecognized. The phenomenology may be typically paranoid or schizophrenia-like, andpatients often present in a setting of clear consciousness. The fascinating phenomenon of the lucid interval will be noted. Following this there will be some discussions on the management of these disorders. The rest of the paper will discuss the phenomenon of forced normalization, first discovered by Landolt. This often remains unrecognised, but is of interest to both neurology and psychiatry. Essentially this is about patients who, following suppression of seizures, develop an acute psychotic state or some other kind of behavior disorder. With the return of the seizures the behavior disorder resolves. Various theories in relationship to this condition will be noted, and the fascinating paradox that in psychiatry we give a seizure to resolve a psychosis, whereas in epileptology suppression of seizures can lead to a psychosis will be presented.
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PMID:Epilepsy and psychiatric disorders. 2697 43