Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Attributing one's problems to a mental illness is associated with reduced subjective quality of life (QOL) among persons with schizophrenia, controlling for a broad range of socio-demographic, social, clinical, and psychosocial variables. Persons who attributed their problems to a 'physical, medical, or biological' problem in contrast to a 'mental illness' reported more positive social relations and higher overall quality of life. Much of the negative effect of mental illness attributions is explained by perceived stigma, lower self-esteem, and a higher level of depressive symptomatology. Depressive symptoms have an independent negative effect on QOL net of all other variables. These findings have important implications for the appropriate rehabilitation of persons with mental illness and require further scrutiny with prospective data.
 ...
PMID:Effects of illness attribution and depression on the quality of life among persons with serious mental illness. 806 94

Content analysis of 11 in-depth interviews of adult siblings having a brother or sister with schizophrenia shows a variation in families' needs and desire for information about the illness. Families who do not seek information appear to be in denial, whereas those who can be classified as withholding information realize the significance of illness but are reluctant to share information. Information provided by mental health professionals is thought to be scarce and frequently confusing. Subjects believe they must actively pursue information, and they find advice on everyday problems to be the most practical. Health care professionals need to know about the family's differing stages of readiness to receive information, to have some insight into the family's attitudes toward illness, and a recognition of the stigma of mental illness many of these families feel.
 ...
PMID:Information sharing concerning schizophrenia in a family member: adult siblings' perspectives. 837 62

Epilepsy is a well-documented consequence of about 150 rare genetic syndromes and malformations of the central nervous system. These syndromes are generally associated with fairly gross defects within the central nervous system and they were thought to be responsible for a small minority of cases. However, improved methods of neuropathological investigations and extensive magnetic resonance imaging studies have revealed a range of disturbances in cortical cytoarchitecture in patients with epileptic seizures previously considered as idiopathic (up to 70% of epilepsy). Structural abnormalities have also been demonstrated in the brain in schizophrenia. These consist of disturbed cortical cytoarchitecture (best described in the temporal lobe) and a diffuse loss of grey matter. The absence of the pathological stigma characteristic of degenerative processes indicates that these structural changes are the result of an abnormal pattern of brain development. The relationship between the type and location of developmental abnormality and the subsequent clinical syndrome (e.g. generalized or localized epilepsy) and the effects of aberrant cortical development on the functional integrity of the adult brain require definition.
 ...
PMID:Pathology of cortical development and neuropsychiatric disorders. 872 98

The aim of this study was to develop a practical, comprehensive, and valid self-report measure of the experience of caring for a relative with a serious mental illness. The notion of caregiver "burden' was rejected; instead caregiving was conceptualised within a 'stress-appraisal-coping' framework. A 66-item version of the Experience of Caregiving Inventory (ECI) was derived from analyses of responses from 626 caregivers, and then tested on an independent sample of 63 relatives of patients with schizophrenia recently in acute care. The extent to which the ECI complied with the stress-coping model was tested, especially the degree to which it, in association with coping, predicted psychological morbidity in carers. Ten sub-scales with good internal consistency resulted from our analyses, eight negative (difficult behaviours; negative symptoms; stigma; problems with services; effects on the family; the need to provide backup; dependency; loss) and two positive (rewarding personal experiences; good aspects of the relationship with the patient). The ECI, in conjunction with coping style, predicted a large proportion of the variance in the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). We concluded that the ECI taps salient dimensions of caregiving distinct from, although linked with, coping and psychological morbidity. It has potential as a useful outcome measure for interventions aimed at promoting caregiver well-being.
 ...
PMID:Caring for relatives with serious mental illness: the development of the Experience of Caregiving Inventory. 876 59

1. Schizophrenia, and the challenge of coping with the ongoing stigma of mental illness, profoundly affects an individual's self-concept. 2. Individuals in the early phases of schizophrenia are at risk of becoming engulfed by their illness, such that all aspects of self become defined by the illness. 3. A group intervention enabled individuals to construct a positive self-concept through interacting with others, exploring the meaning of illness, developing an acceptable understanding of the illness, and developing diverse coping strategies.
 ...
PMID:Mitigating engulfment: recovering from a first episode of psychosis. 892 49

The health promotion needs of persons with schizophrenia have not been emphasized as a result of historical stigma, the effort required to stabilize symptoms, the relapsing nature of the disease, and the helplessness felt by caregivers. Family members and individuals with schizophrenia experience shame, grief, guilt, fear, and isolation, all of which render them less able to be proactive. Health promotion strategies that change attitudes, build self-esteem, increase insight into the illness, modify behavior, provide sources of income and access to medical care, and support companionship are necessary while research efforts seek a cure for this historically misunderstood illness.
 ...
PMID:Health promotion and schizophrenia: the year 2000 and beyond. 942 51

This paper reviews the key issues presented during the Fourth International Conference on Schizophrenia, which was held in October 1996 in Vancouver, Canada. The main emphasis was placed on the problem of stigma, loneliness and work as well as on the necessity to further elucidate the physiopathology of schizophrenia. Some of the barriers discussed are unlikely to disappear from human societies in the short term with any possible cure for schizophrenia as they are part of any major long-term illness, of which there is a long and ever increasing list.
 ...
PMID:Schizophrenia: breaking down the barriers. 944 99

Epilepsy, and the treatment thereof, has effects on many aspects of life, with far-reaching implications for the patient, his family and the community. Epilepsy causes a great deal of social difficulties and restrictions due to the associated stigma and prejudice. It is not a rare condition and is associated with many other conditions, such as schizophrenia, mental retardation, autism, and terminal Alzheimer's disease. Other associated disorders may include cognitive difficulties, personality disturbances or psychoses of various types and durations. Only by the 1850's was epilepsy defined as a "neurological" disease.
 ...
PMID:Epilepsy and the law. 957 13

The burden, the coping strategies and the social network of a sample of 236 relatives of patients with schizophrenia, living in five European countries, were explored by well-validated assessment instruments. In all centres, relatives experienced higher levels of burden when they had poor coping resources and reduced social support. Relatives in Mediterranean centres, who reported lower levels of social support, were more resigned, and more often used spiritual help as a coping strategy. These data indicate that family burden and coping strategies can be influenced by cultural factors and suggest that family interventions should have also a social focus, aiming to increase the family social network and to reduce stigma.
 ...
PMID:Burden on the families of patients with schizophrenia: results of the BIOMED I study. 976 66

This study addressed a relatively neglected topic in schizophrenia: identifying methods to reduce stigma directed toward individuals with this disorder. The study investigated whether presentation of information describing the association between violent behavior and schizophrenia could affect subjects' impressions of the dangerousness of both a target person with schizophrenia and individuals with mental illness in general. Subjects with and without previous contact with individuals with a mental illness were administered one of four "information sheets" with varying information about schizophrenia and its association with violent behavior. Subjects then read a brief vignette of a male or female target individual with schizophrenia. Results showed that subjects who reported previous contact with individuals with a mental illness rated the male target individual and individuals with mental illness in general as less dangerous than did subjects without previous contact. Subjects who received information summarizing the prevalence rates of violent behavior among individuals with schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders (e.g., substance abuse) rated individuals with a mental illness as less dangerous than did subjects who did not receive this information. Implications of the findings for public education are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Dispelling the stigma of schizophrenia: II. The impact of information on dangerousness. 1047 79


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>