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Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Research interest in the "negative" symptoms of schizophrenia has increased in recent years. Given the clinical similarity between affective deficits in schizophrenic patients and aprosodic deficits in stroke victims, the authors conducted a study testing for aprosodia in eight schizophrenic patients. Seven were found to have aprosodia with motor components. Further study of the aprosodias may provide some insight into affective disturbance in schizophrenia.
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PMID:Aprosodia in eight schizophrenic patients. 377 41

Literature on the assessment of suicide risk in individuals with schizophrenia is summarized, including the risk factors shared in common with the general population, illness-specific risk factors, and times of heightened risk in the course of the illness. Because depression emerges as a significant risk factor, it is differentiated from conditions that can mimic depression: mourning, aprosodia, and negative symptoms. Because insight or awareness of illness carries risk, as does the lack of insight, the psychological and neurocognitive components of impaired and of accurate insight are described. Finally, the role of mourning in the attainment of accurate, usable insight that can reduce suicidal risk is described.
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PMID:Mourning, insight, and reduction of suicide risk in schizophrenia. 1534 30

The Aprosodia Battery was developed to distinguish different patterns of affective-prosodic deficits in patients with left versus right brain damage by using affective utterances with incrementally reduced verbal-articulatory demands. It has also been used to assess affective-prosodic performance in various clinical groups, including patients with schizophrenia, PTSD, multiple sclerosis, alcohol abuse and Alzheimer disease and in healthy adults, as means to explore maturational-aging effects. To date, all studies using the Aprosodia Battery have yielded statistically robust results. This paper describes an extensive, quantitative error analysis using previous results from the Aprosodia Battery in patients with left and right brain damage, age-equivalent controls (old adults), and a group of young adults. This inductive analysis was performed to address three major issues in the literature: (1) sex and (2) maturational-aging effects in comprehending affective prosody and (3) differential hemispheric lateralization of emotions. We found no overall sex effects for comprehension of affective prosody. There were, however, scattered sex effects related to a particular affect, suggesting that these differences were related to cognitive appraisal rather than primary perception. Results in the brain damaged groups did not support the Valence Hypothesis of emotional lateralization but did support the Right Hemisphere Hypothesis of emotional lateralization. When comparing young versus old adults, a robust maturational-aging effect was observed in overall error rates and in the distribution of errors across affects. This effect appears to be mediated, in part, by cognitive appraisal, causing an alteration in the salience of different affective-prosodic stimuli with increasing age. In addition, the maturational-aging effects lend support for the Emotion-Type hypothesis of emotional lateralization and the "classic aging effect" that is due primarily to decline of right hemisphere cognitive functions in senescence. The results of our inductive analysis may help direct future deductive research efforts, exploring the neuropsychology of emotional communication, by taking into account the potentially confounding influence of (1) methodological differences involving construction of test stimuli and assessment procedures, (2) developmental, maturational and aging effects related to cognitive appraisal and (3) whether a stimulus has a primary or social-emotional bias.
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PMID:Affective prosody: what do comprehension errors tell us about hemispheric lateralization of emotions, sex and aging effects, and the role of cognitive appraisal. 2118 50

Prosody plays an important role in the process of verbal communication, complementing and emphasising the linguistic and emotional aspects of language. Disturbances of speech prosody are rarely recognised, although aprosodia occurs frequently in patients with schizophrenia. Prosodic disturbance of speech can significantly impair verbal communication and social functioning of patients with schizophrenia. Right-hemisphere is connected with emotional prosody deficits and left-hemisphere with linguistic prosody. The aim of the study is to describe. The Right Hemisphere Language Battery by Karen L. Bryan in the examination of patients with schizophrenia.
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PMID:[The use of RHLB battery for the evaluation of the lingual and social skills among psychiatric patients--case study]. 2347 49

Disturbances in understanding and expression of emotional prosody of speech (aprosodia) belong to frequent but rarely described symptoms of schizophrenia, that negatively influence the life quality of patients. The role of prosody in the process of verbal communication is to complement and emphasize the language (linguistic prosody) and affective (emotional prosody) aspects of the spoken announcements. The authors review literature, including studies on functional brain imaging, and analyze profile and ground of the disturbances in the emotional prosody in patients with schizophrenia. Similarly to patients with damage to the right hemisphere, the speech of schizophrenia patients often is monotonous and deprived of emotional coloring, despite preserved experiencing of appropriate emotions, similarly to healthy subjects. In the acoustic speech analysis of patients with schizophrenic psychosis, reduced fundamental frequency of the utterance, clinically defined as aprosodia, was showed. It was noticed that the problems in identifying emotions concern mainly negative emotions and that bigger defects were demonstrated by men. The authors emphasize the need to recognize and include appropriate therapeutic treatments in prosody disturbances, which aim is to improve the well-being and social functioning of the patients.
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PMID:[Disturbances of emotional prosody in schizophrenia]. 2494 65