Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The method for screening urinary oligosaccharides described in the accompanying paper [Clin. Chem. 24, 669 (1978)] has been applied to a large group of mentally handicapped patients as well as to patients with cystic fibrosis, malignant disease, and schizophrenia. The cause of the mental handicap was unknown in most cases. The primary object of the study was to investigate a possible link between some diseases and urinary complex carbohydrates. Our results show that abnormalities that are detectable in this way do not contribute significantly to the overall incidence of mental handicap, nor are they expressed in the other diseases studied.
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PMID:Screening for urinary oligosaccharides: application to a mentally handicapped population and to patients with some other diseases. 63 81

A survey was made of all female admissions to the State Hospital, Carstairs, between the time of the first female admission in 1959, and 31 December 1973. There were 66 female admissions, constituting 7-1 per cent of the total admissions over the same period. The females fall into two separate sub-groups. The first consists of persistently violent patients transferred from other hospitals, suffering from mental subnormality or personality disorder; they have a poorer prognosis than the second group, who are sent from Courts or prison because of single serious acts of violence often directed at a member of the family, and who suffer from a personality disorder or from schizophrenia. Some features of the two groups are compared and contrasted. There may be an increase in the proportion of pateints in the first group being admitted to the State Hospital, and some implications of this trend are discussed.
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PMID:A fifteen-year review of female admissions to Carstairs State Hospital. 120 34

The total number of adults with Down's syndrome living in Leicestershire, ascertained by widespread enquiry, was found to be 378. Of these, 371 were matched with adults with mental handicap due to other pathologies, on the basis of age, sex, and type of residence. Those with Down's syndrome were found to have a different spectrum of mental disorders from those without the syndrome. In particular, Down's syndrome patients were more likely to have been diagnosed as having depression and dementia; the controls were more likely to have been diagnosed as suffering from conduct disorder, personality disorder, or schizophrenia/paranoid state. The same proportion of each group had been given a diagnosis of autism.
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PMID:Differential rates of psychiatric disorders in adults with Down's syndrome compared with other mentally handicapped adults. 833 Jan 25

Instruments designed to assess psychiatric disorders in people with learning difficulties (mental handicap) were critically reviewed from a psychometric perspective. Major trends were found in the assessment of psychopathology related to DSM-III and depressive disorders although research in other areas was patchy. Although some psychometrically sophisticated measures were identified the area was characterized by an absence of important psychometric data for many measures. Future research should attend to developing assessments of schizophrenia, psycho-sexual disorders, adjustment disorders and the validation of screening procedures and instrument formats. Future studies should include more people with severe and profound learning difficulties.
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PMID:Psychometric assessment of psychiatric disorders in people with learning difficulties (mental handicap): a review of measures. 204 90

A system of outcome indicators for mental health care is urgently needed in order to ensure that clinicians, district health authorities, and directors of public health can monitor and evaluate mental health care. Theoretical aspects of health care indicators and the various classes of outcome measures available can be used to draw up a preliminary system of indicators of health care input, process and outcome for the major categories of mental illness, including schizophrenia, affective psychosis, neurosis, dementia, mental handicap, child psychiatry, forensic psychiatry, alcohol and drugs. Such a system is not intended to be definitive or exhaustive but rather to form a basis for development by clinicians, researchers and planners for their own requirements.
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PMID:Towards a system of outcome indicators for mental health care. 177 60

The relationship between schizophrenia and 'mental handicap' has been obscured by historical changes and varying diagnostic criteria. It has been generally accepted that there is an increased incidence of psychotic illness among people with intellectual retardation, but detailed community surveys are limited. Catatonia, severity of illness and research potential are all to be found in this 'dual diagnosis' group. The value of an historical analysis is underlined.
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PMID:Schizophrenia and mental handicap: an historical review, with implications for further research. 266 6

A family is reported in which the mother and 4 of her 6 children are affected by a constellation of abnormalities including mental handicap, abnormal facies, short stature, soft fleshy hands with tapering fingers and skeletal abnormalities. The family is believed to represent a further group of individuals with Coffin-Lowry syndrome. Additionally, one affected daughter has symptoms suggestive of schizophrenia and one affected son has severe sensorineural deafness.
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PMID:Coffin-Lowry syndrome and schizophrenia: a family report. 362 66

A total of 160 babies taken statutorily into care at or soon after birth in Britain have so far been traced, mostly since 1973. Both this and the figure of 47 such actions between April 1978 and March 1979 are almost certainly underestimates. In 144 instances child abuse or neglect or both had occurred in most (76%), but statutory action was also reported in 16 first-born babies. Schizophrenia and severe mental handicap in the parents accounted for 13%, major psychiatric factors being reported in half the cases. The practice is more widespread than was generally imagined, with doctors and nurses always concerned. More detailed surveillance of statutory care actions at birth and in the first three months of life is recommended.
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PMID:Babies removed from their parents at birth: 160 statutory care actions. 741 74

The efficacy of lithium carbonate in the first reported case of a female with mild mental disability who engaged in public and compulsive masturbation is described. The patient was born in 1975, and was 19 years old at first admission. A diagnosis of schizophrenia was initially suspected, therefore the patient was given medication including pimozide, haloperidol, carbamazepine, diazepam and levomepromazine. These medications, however, did not control the symptoms, and the patient showed several side effects, such as incontinence. Only lithium carbonate was efficacious among the medications administered; the patient's abnormal sexual behavior was significantly reduced and no conspicuous side effects were recognized. The mechanisms of lithium carbonate in controlling abnormal sexual behavior are discussed.
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PMID:Efficacy of lithium carbonate on public and compulsive masturbation: a female case with mild mental disability. 947 28

Darier's disease (DD) is an autosomal dominant skin disorder characterized clinically by multiple keratotic papules, and histologically by focal loss of adhesion between epidermal cells (acantholysis) and by abnormal keratinization. Variant forms of cutaneous phenotype, sometimes familial, have been described. Associated neuropsychiatric features, including mental handicap, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and epilepsy, have also been reported. The cause of DD was shown recently to be mutation in the ATP2A2 gene at 12q24.1, which encodes the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase type 2 (SERCA2). Here, we show that while both common isoforms of SERCA2 are expressed in the cytoplasm of cultured keratinocytes and fibroblasts, in adult skin sections only the longer isoform, SERCA2b, was expressed abundantly in epidermal structures. Extended mutation analysis in European DD patients using single-strand conformation polymorphism and/or direct sequencing identified 40 different patient-specific mutations in 47 families. The majority (23/40) were likely to result in nonsense-mediated RNA decay. The remaining 17 were missense mutations distributed throughout the protein and were associated significantly with atypical clinical features. The clearest association was with the familial haemorrhagic variant where all four families tested had a missense mutation. Three of the families (one Scottish family and two unrelated Italian families) exhibited the same N767S substitution in the M5 transmembrane domain, and a fourth family, from Sweden, had a C268F substitution in the M3 transmembrane domain. Neuropsychiatric features did not appear to be associated with a specific class of mutation and may be an intrinsic, but inconsistent, effect of defective ATP2A2 expression.
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PMID:ATP2A2 mutations in Darier's disease: variant cutaneous phenotypes are associated with missense mutations, but neuropsychiatric features are independent of mutation class. 1044 24


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