Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A genealogical analysis is carried out on the pedigrees of 10 twin pairs with two or more psychoses. The probands' symptoms reveal some peculiar aspects, i.e., an atypical phenomenology possibly due to the interference of more pathological genes. Schizophrenia, depression, epilepsy, and obsessive neurosis, are found in the pedigrees in different combinations. The study of these pedigrees would lead to the conclusion that interaction of more than one psychosis gives rise to atypical forms as a result of an attempt to establish a state of balance between opposing dynamic actions, as in reversible chemical reactions. Probands' symptoms are less severe and with an often more favourable prognosis. Epilepsy tends to become independent and the major psychoses seem to be epistatic on it. As for obsessive-compulsive neurosis, probands may progress into schizophrenia or depression if one of these psychoses is present in the pedigree, or may represent the neurotic form of the major disease.
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PMID:Gene interaction in the phenotypic expression of mental diseases. 103 31

Under study there were 116 patients with obsessive neurosis who had fallen sick in childhood and adolescence, as well as 28 schizophrenics with obsessive syndrome who had fallen sick at the same age, and were at first observed by pedopsychiatrists as patients with the obsessive neurosis. Dynamic clinical and catamnestic studies of the two groups of the patients have enabled the authors to specify a number of signs supplementing the criteria of differentiating those diseases described in literature. Characteristic of the obsessive neurosis are signs of perseverance of the "through" syndrome, i. e. the type of the obsessive syndrome (compulsive, phobic, or mixed compulsive-phobic one) determining this or that clinical variant of the neurosis throughout the whole disease. Patients with schizophrenia show a tendency to a "regressive" time course of the syndrome, i. e. to addition of obsessions corresponding to earlier levels of the psychic response.
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PMID:[Differential diagnosis between obsessive neurosis and schizophrenia in children]. 731 39

Obsessive compulsive disorders (OCD) are a nosographic entity. Their biological rating in serotonergic pathways and the efficacy of serotonergic antidepressants allows for developing a clinical and biological models of OCD. J. Guyotat, one of the first in 1959 to observe the favorable effects of antidepressants on OCD, presents their history. Epidemiological surveys conducted since 1980 have shown that the prevalence of OCD was underestimated until then. The prevalence is 2 to 3% in the adult population, with more women affected. The disorder develops early in childhood and adolescence. Loss of time is an important criteria for OCD but, according to M. Bourgeois, who reviewed the symptoms precisely, this does not warrant identifying a separate "primary obsessive slowness" syndrome. According to M. Bouvard, the prognosis of the disorder, in contrast to that for rituals observed in children between 3 and 5 years of age, is poor, with a risk of chronicity and social disturbances. The prevalence of OCD in children and adolescents is 0.8% and remains stable. The comorbidity, in particular with tics, is discussed. The favorable effects of fluoxetine are reported. J.M. Chignon reviews the concept of comorbidity, developed in internal medicine, and explains that it could be rigorously applied to psychiatry only starting with the DSM III-R. The comorbidity of OCD with other psychiatric diseases is highly variable: it is reviewed for personality disorders (0 to 55%), schizophrenia (4%), substance abuse (10%) and especially depression: one third of patients with OCD will develop a major depressive episode. Based on a clinical case report, M. Faruch leads us from symptoms to behavior therapy. The symptom must be considered for itself, whether it is part or not of the obsessive neurosis. It is legitimate to use antidepressants in combination with behavior therapy.
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PMID:[Obsessive compulsive disorders]. 828 9