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Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Reactive psychosis is a common diagnosis in the Nordic countries (Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland and Iceland) and in several other parts of the world. In ICD-9 and DSM-III-R, the concept is defined more narrowly than in the Nordic tradition. In this study we examined the interrater reliability of the Nordic concept by the case-summary method between clinicians from 9 university departments in the Nordic countries. The results show that Nordic psychiatrists have a reasonably reliable concept of reactive psychosis, and that this psychosis can be diagnosed as reliably as schizophrenia and affective psychosis.
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PMID:The Nordic concept of reactive psychosis--a multicenter reliability study. 141 2

Reactive psychosis is generally thought of as a nosological term of favourable course and outcome. Studies of mortality risk following this psychosis are sparse and inconclusive. This study shows that using mortality as an index of outcome, first-admitted patients with reactive psychosis have as poor an outcome as patients with the endogenous psychoses schizophrenia and manic-depressive psychosis, and thus an excess mortality risk compared with that of the population in general. Reactive depressed patients have even a higher relative mortality risk than endogenous depressed patients. Certain precautions are attached to the use of diagnostic classification of first admissions and especially for reactive psychosis. But as this is a commonly used diagnostic term in Scandinavian psychiatry, the high relative mortality risk is notable. In the search for methods of prevention, the cause of death will be examined in future studies.
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PMID:Reactive psychosis and mortality. 234 53

Reactive psychosis, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophreniform disorder have each been considered as possible third psychoses that are separate from schizophrenia and the affective psychoses. We review the history of one of these diagnoses, reactive psychosis, and critique studies that attempt to validate the category. Studies using modern research methods with well-defined criteria based on experience with patients who have received this diagnosis should test this category more rigorously. The salient features of the diagnosis are delineated by considering the rationale for its existence and examining the empirical form it has taken. In a second paper, we explore how these features may form a basis for criteria that may provide a more meaningful category in subsequent revisions of the DSM.
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PMID:Reactive psychosis. I. Does the pre-DSM-III concept define a third psychosis? 327 13

Scandinavian psychiatrists have been pre-eminent in elucidating the concept of reactive psychoses. This diagnosis has never found much acceptance except in Scandinavia, and the new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd Edition category of brief reactive psychosis is quite different from reactive psychosis as described by most Scandinavian clinicians and researchers. The concept of psychogenic psychoses is, however, not new. Indeed, many psychiatrists of the early 20th century stressed the psychogenic factors in psychotic mental disturbances. Reactive psychoses have generally been considered illnesses distinct not only from schizophrenia but also from manic-depressive psychosis with a distinctive genetic component. Of 283 hospitalized patients at Johns Hopkins for whom long-term follow-ups were available and of whom all were first admissions, Astrup retrospectively diagnosed 91 as reactive psychoses. A contrasting group of 78 "systematic schizophrenics" by Leonhardt's criteria were identified. Stephens found that these two groups differed significantly in that the reactive patients had a) a more acute onset, b) more precipitating stress, c) more affective symptoms, d) more confusion, e) less affective blunting, f) a better premorbid adjustment, g) less premorbid schizoid traits, h) fewer schizophrenic relatives, and i) a much more favorable long term outcome.
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PMID:Reactive psychoses. 711 65