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Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We investigated a possible relation between aura phenomena and psychopathology in patients with seizure disorders. Twenty-one patients with a variety of seizure types (90% with generalized seizures, 72% with complex partial seizures, CPS) were studied. Aura phenomena were evaluated with the Silberman-Post Psychosensory Phenomena Scale; psychopathology was assessed with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Lifetime Version (SADS-L), the Minnesota Multiple Personality Inventory (MMPI), and the Washington Psychosocial Seizure Inventory (WPSI). Psychosensory symptoms occurring in the absence of frank seizures, but not those occurring with seizures, were related to increased psychopathology (primarily mood and anxiety related) and greater time in psychiatric treatment. Psychosensory symptoms may reflect ongoing neurophysiologic dysfunction related to epilepsy and may therefore be a useful subject for further study.
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PMID:Aura phenomena and psychopathology: a pilot investigation. 808 22

Prior studies have incompletely established a relationship between epilepsy and schizophrenia, primarily because of methodological difficulties. We undertook a two-part retrospective investigation of neurology clinic patients with epilepsy and schizophrenia. Part I: Interictal schizophrenic disorders occurred in 149 (9.25%) of 1,611 epileptic outpatients, compared with only 23 (1.06%) of 2,167 migraine outpatients. Part II: Among age- and sex-matched groups, we compared 62 epilepsy-with-schizophrenia patients with 62 epilepsy patients on six seizure variables, and we compared them with 62 schizophrenia patients on 10 psychosis variables. The epilepsy-with-schizophrenia group had a later epilepsy age of onset with more complex partial seizures, more patients with auras, and fewer patients with generalized epilepsy. Except for increased suicidal behavior, epileptic patients did not differ from controls on psychosis variables; however, psychotic symptoms often emerged with increased seizure activity. Together these results support a distinct association of schizophrenic disorders with epilepsy, particularly with seizures emanating from the temporal limbic system.
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PMID:Schizophrenia in epilepsy: seizure and psychosis variables. 818 35

We studied 30 patients with postictal psychosis and compared them with 33 patients with acute interictal psychosis and 25 patients with chronic psychosis. All patients had either complex partial seizures (CPS) or EEG temporal epileptogenic foci. Patients with postictal psychosis had a high incidence of psychic auras and nocturnal secondarily generalized seizures. The most striking feature that distinguished postictal psychosis from both acute interictal and chronic psychoses was phenomenological: the relatively frequent occurrence of grandiose delusions as well as religious delusions in the setting of markedly elevated moods and feeling of mystic fusion of the body with the universe. In addition, postictal psychosis exhibited few schizophreniform psychotic traits such as perceptual delusions or voices commenting. Reminiscence, mental diplopia, and a feeling of impending death were also fairly frequent complaints of patients with postictal psychosis. Interictal acute psychosis and chronic epileptic psychosis were psychopathologically similar. Although acute interictal and chronic epileptic psychoses could simulate schizophrenia, postictal psychosis results in a mental state quite different from that of schizophrenic psychosis.
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PMID:Postictal psychosis: a comparison with acute interictal and chronic psychoses. 864 Dec 32

We sought to examine interictal psychoses based on the international epilepsy classification and DSM IV criteria, with special attention paid to epilepsy types as well as to subcategories of psychoses. One hundred thirty-two outpatients were studied, each with definite evidence of both epilepsy and interictal psychosis clearly demarcated from postictal psychosis. We compared them with 2,773 other epilepsy outpatients as a control. Risk factors for psychosis were examined within the temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) group and the more extended group of symptomatic localization-related epilepsy. Further, nuclear schizophrenia and other nonschizophrenic psychotic disorders were compared. We confirmed a close correlation between TLE and interictal psychoses. Within the TLE group, only early epilepsy onset and a history of prolonged febrile convulsions were revealed to be significantly associated with interictal psychosis. Within the symptomatic localization-related epilepsy group, such parameters as complex partial seizures, autonomic aura, and temporal EEG foci were closely associated with psychoses. There was also a significant difference between groups as to ictal fear and secondary generalization. Whereas patients with early psychosis onset and a low intelligence quotient were overrepresented in the nuclear schizophrenia group, drug-induced psychosis and alternative psychosis were underrepresented. TLE proved to be preferentially associated with interictal psychoses. Within the TLE group, medial TLE in particular was found to be more closely associated with psychosis. Our data support the original postulation of Landolt, stating that alternative or drug-induced psychoses constitute a definite subgroup of interictal psychoses, which are different from chronic epileptic psychoses that simulate schizophrenia.
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PMID:Reexamination of interictal psychoses based on DSM IV psychosis classification and international epilepsy classification. 1120 92

The relationship between epilepsy and behavioral disturbances has been a subject of controversy since the 19th century. Affective changes may occur prior, during, or after the ictal discharge. Depression is the most prevalent comorbidity. Anxiety, panic attacks, and pseudoseizures may resemble complex partial seizures, and their diagnosis and treatment may be confusing, even to experienced clinicians. Epilepsy-related psychosis is less common, manifesting occasionally with symptoms that are indistinguishable from schizophrenia. There is no clear evidence of a distinct "epileptoid" personality, and interictal violence is extremely rare. Pharmacologic treatment with anticonvulsants remains the cornerstone of treatment. In case of psychiatric comorbidities or refractory seizures, the diagnosis should be re-examined.
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PMID:The relationship of psychiatric illnesses and seizures. 1135 88

A young man with schizophrenia had persistent auditory hallucinations which responded well to clozapine but subsequently developed a different pattern of brief, joint visual and auditory hallucinations which were confirmed as being due to complex partial seizures of temporal lobe origin. He had no history of epilepsy prior to taking clozapine and the subsequent hallucinations could be mistaken for a deterioration in the schizophrenia, leading to a further increase in clozapine dose.
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PMID:Clozapine can cause hallucinations by inducing complex partial seizures of temporal lobe origin (temporal lobe epilepsy). A potentially serious complication in the management of schizophrenia with clozapine. 2229 95


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