Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical manifestations, course and outcomes of pulmonary tuberculosis were studied in 215 patients with concurrent severe mental diseases (112 had schizophrenia and 103 other organic diseases of the central nervous system). The patients had mainly disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis with copious bacilli excretion and destruction. Their clinical manifestations and the course of a specific process were mainly progressive. Fatal outcomes were most common in tuberculosis patients with concurrent drug addiction and toxicomania. It is recommended that patients with mental diseases, narcomania and toxicomania should undergo a prophylactic fluorographic screening twice a year. Treatment of patients with tuberculosis and concurrent mental diseases should be combined and carried out by a psychiatrist (narcologist) jointly with a phthisiatrist.
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PMID:[Pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with mental disorders, drug addiction and substance abuse]. 177 57

A study was made of the occurrence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) deficiency among patients with lung tuberculosis including those suffering from mental diseases (alcoholism or schizophrenia). In Azerbaijani patients, the rate of G-6-PDH demonstration was higher as compared to that among the healthy population. On combined lung tuberculosis and alcoholism the rate of that abnormality demonstration increased whereas on associated lung tuberculosis and schizophrenia, it slightly decreased. Among patients with hereditary G-6-PDH deficiency, the portion of chronic destructive forms of pulmonary tuberculosis is high, the tuberculous process is accompanied more often by isolation of M. tuberculosis. The etiological role of G-6-PDH as a genetic marker is evaluated as 14%; in associated lung tuberculosis and alcoholism, it grows to 18%.
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PMID:[Pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with hereditary glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency]. 253 43

During 1987-1996, 39 of 720 patients hospitalized (most for severe schizophrenia) were diagnosed as having active pulmonary tuberculosis (5.4%, 975 per 105 per year). In 1992-1993, after a cluster of 5 cases was found, all patients were screened by PPD skin test and chest X-ray and 16 more cases were identified. Diagnosis was confirmed bacteriologically in only 10 of them but there were typical radiological findings in the others. 39 were treated with a multi-drug regimen. In addition, 333 exposed patients and 21% who had converted their skin tests were given isoniazid preventive therapy. A small increase in levels of liver enzymes was common, but significant abnormality (over 4 times the upper limit of normal) was found in only 7 patients, in whom therapy was therefore stopped or changed. During a follow-up period of 4 years, 2 more developed tuberculosis and 33 converted their PPD reactivity status. We conclude that an outbreak of tuberculosis in a psychiatric hospital can be controlled with a relatively low rate of side-effects by using systematic diagnostic and therapeutic measures. However, single step screening is not sufficient. Routine screening of all new patients, a high index of suspicion and contact investigation are needed.
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PMID:[Recurrent tuberculosis in a psychiatric hospital, recurrent outbreaks during 1987-1996]. 966 3

To investigate the specific features of the course and efficiency of treatment, the authors examined 72 patients with new-onset pulmonary tuberculosis and schizophrenia versus 68 new-onset pulmonary tuberculosis patients without mental diseases. Tuberculosis has been found to be identified in 66.7% of schizophrenics by lung fluorography made at a mental hospital or specialized dispensary. This mainly diagnoses the circumscribed forms of the disease with a low bacterial discharge, drug resistance, and cavitation while in nonschizophrenics, pulmonary tuberculosis is detected in 33.3% of cases in general health care network facilities. Following 9 months, complex treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in schizophrenics succeeded in ceasing bacterial discharge, as shown by microscopy and sputum cultures, in 94.4 and 84.5% of cases, respectively. However, in schizophrenics receiving chemotherapy for tuberculosis, adverse reactions are revealed in 63.9% of cases, with this the incidence of these reactions depends not only on antituberculosis drugs, but also on drugs taken by patients for schizophrenia. Schizophrenic patients with pulmonary tuberculosis need an individual approach to treating the patient, longer treatment, intermittent use of antituberculosis agents, regular clinical and laboratory monitoring of the development of side effects, and complex pathogenetic treatment.
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PMID:[New-onset pulmonary tuberculosis patients with schizophrenia: course and efficiency of treatment]. 1871 46

Eight hundred and thirty autopsy protocols of died patients with schizophrenia from 1952 to 2007 were studied. Respiratory pathology as a cause of death was noted in 29.8% of cases. There are great changes in the study parameters, which have been particularly evident in the past 2 decades: a reduction in the rate of lobar (croupous) and bronchial pneumonia, an increase in the number of cases of active pulmonary tuberculosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer. The higher incidence of the two latter diseases is associated by the author with the side effects of phenothiazine neuroleptics in the long-term treatment of schizophrenia.
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PMID:[Respiratory diseases as a cause of death in schizophrenia]. 1964 13

In addition to killing pathogens and influencing immunological processes, cathelicidin LL-37 is a multifunctional host defense peptide with a role in homeostasis. It has been suggested that imbalances in homeostatic signaling from inflammatory/ immune, endocrine and metabolic cascades and oxidative stress may partially contribute to the pathogenesis of mental disorders. The purpose of the study was to identify any differences in LL-37 levels between patients with schizophrenia, euthymic bipolar disorder, bacterial pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, and healthy controls. Thirty-five patients with chronic paranoid schizophrenia, 40 patients with chronic, euthymic bipolar disorder, 30 patients with bacterial pneumonia, 32 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, and 38 healthy volunteers were included in this study. The patients with schizophrenia demonstrated a significantly lower level of LL-37 than those with bipolar disorder (p=0.006) and those with pulmonary TB (p less than 0.001). Significant differences in LL-37 levels were found between patients with bipolar disorder, bacterial pneumonia (p less than 0.001) and pulmonary TB (p=0.004). Our findings suggest that changes observed in the serum level of LL-37 in psychiatric patients enrolled in this study could be a result of homeostatic imbalance.
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PMID:Human cathelicidin LL-37 - Does it influence the homeostatic imbalance in mental disorders? 2987 20