Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of simultaneous symptomatic thyroiditis and schizophrenia in a prepubertal child is reported. The coexistence of these disorders has implications for potential diagnostic confusion and raises speculation of a shared immunologic and/or genetic etiology.
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PMID:Symptomatic thyroiditis and schizophrenia in a six-year-old girl. 654 77

Autoimmune disease occurs when the immune system attacks self-molecules as a result of a breakdown of immunologic tolerance to autoreactive immune cells. Many autoimmune disorders have been strongly associated with genetic, infectious, and/or environmental predisposing factors. Comprising multiple disorders and symptoms ranging from organ-specific to systemic, autoimmune diseases include insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, thyroiditis, and multiple sclerosis. There are also implications of autoimmune pathology in such common health problems as arteriosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, schizophrenia, and certain types of infertility. Largely of unknown etiology, autoimmune disorders affect approximately 3% of the North American and European populations, > 75% of those affected being women. This discussion provides a brief introduction to the immune system and tolerance maintenance, an overview of selected autoimmune diseases and possible mechanisms of immune autoreactivity, and a review of experimental autoimmune models.
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PMID:Introduction to immunology and autoimmunity. 1050 28

Psychotic syndromes in the context of hyperthyroidism are seldom mentioned in medical textbooks and only a few cases have been published. Typically, such cases present as an affective psychosis. Schizophrenia-like psychosis is a rare occurrence in hyperthyroidism and the link between these two conditions is still poorly understood.We report the case of a female patient with a known history of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. The patient presented to our emergency department with an acute schizophrenia-like psychosis. Elevated levels of T4 and free T4 were found. These resulted from the patient's voluntary intake of excess levothyroxine as an attempt to lose weight (thyrotoxicosis factitia). Normalisation of thyroid hormone levels and antipsychotic treatment led to prompt remission of the psychosis. Even though the patient stopped the antipsychotics, she remained free of symptoms during the follow-up. Similar cases are briefly reviewed and some of the data from basic research is also considered.
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PMID:Acute psychotic episode in a patient with thyrotoxicosis factitia. 2168 86

The reported prevalence of complications in Turner Syndrome (TS) was highly variable because of the rarity and the limited numbers analyzed. Again, possible presence of other complications that are not described as specific for TS, is also speculated. To resolve these issues, a questionnaire survey was conducted in hGH treated 492 patients with adult TS (17-42 years). The possible association with these complications and karyotypes were also analyzed. The complications and their prevalence were as follows: chronic thyroiditis (25.2%), inflammatory bowel disease (1.8%), congenital cardiovascular anomaly (11.8%), urinary tract malformation (11.8%), low bone mineral density (BMD) (42.9%), scoliosis (8.4%), hearing loss (6.2%), epilepsy (2.8%) and schizophrenia (0.9%). The majority of prevalence of these diseases in TS was higher than in the general population. In distribution, the most frequent karyotype was 45,X monosomy (28.9%), followed by 45,X/46,X,Xi (16.9%), 46,X,Xi (9.1%), and 45,X/46,XX (6.3%), while other mosaic 45,X was noted in 29.9%. Regarding the karyotype, cardiovascular anomaly was more frequent in the 45,X group and less in the 46,X,Xi group. Urinary tract malformation and epilepsy were frequently associated with the chromosome 45,X. The prevalence of low BMD was noticed more in the chromosome 46,X,Xi and 45,X/46,X,Xi, and less in other mosaic 45,X. In conclusion, the more exact prevalence of diverse complications was clarified and it exceeded the prevalence of the majority of complications in general population. As novel findings, it was observed that the prevalence of epilepsy was significantly high, and epilepsy and low BMD were frequently associated with the specific karyotypes.
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PMID:Prevalence of diverse complications and its association with karyotypes in Japanese adult women with Turner syndrome-a questionnaire survey by the Foundation for Growth Science. 2951 55