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Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A representative sample (R.S.) of 79 subjects living in Edinburgh common lodging houses was compared with a clinical series (C.S.) of 44 patients from the same type of resisence. C.S. patients were more likely to be out of work, to be under 55 years of age, and to have been married as some time. They had spent much shorter times in lodging houses, in Edinburgh and at their current address. Alcoholism was rather more often diagnosed in the C.S., and personality disorder much more often. Schizophrenia tended to be found more in the R.S. The C.S. obtained higher Personal Illness and 'Character Disorder' scores. It is concluded that those subjects presenting to the psychiatric services are a highly selected group quite unrepresentative of homeless single persons in general.
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PMID:The homeless person and the psychiatric services: an Edinburgh survey. 5 3

Averaged cortical evoked potentials from single clicks were recorded from 51 patients and controls. The patient group consisted of 40 subjects with a diagnosis of 'nuclear' schizophrenia, and 11 subjects with diagnoses including mania, anxiety neurosis and personality disorder. Changes in auditory evoked cortical responses (AECR's) were most marked in clinically stable, dysphoric, chronic schizophrenics. These subjects showed reproducible, low amplitude, 'untidy' responses in which the amplitude of the primary peak was lower than the amplitude of later peaks. Chronic schizophrenics who were rated as being depressed, showed a more 'normal' AECR. AECR changes during the memorising of nonsense syllables demonstrated a functional separation between early and later peaks of the AECR. It was postulated that the AECR changes in schizophrenia and during memorising result from pathological patterns of cortical desynchronisation produced by altered mid-brain activity different from that of anxious arousal, and that the clinical 'steady-state' of chronic schizophrenia is reflected in the 'steady-state' desynchronisation changes in the AECR.
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PMID:Computer analyses of auditory evoked cortical potentials in schizophrenic subjects. 27 6

The authors compared 48 adult psychiatric patients (27 men and 21 women) who had been hyperactive as children with two groups of patients who had not. Both comparison groups were matched for age and sex and the second was also matched for economic status. Although closer matching narrowed the gap somewhat, the formerly hyperactive subjects still showed significantly more personality disorder of all types, more sociopathy, more alcoholism, and less affective disorder than controls. Schizophrenia and drug abuse occurred no more often in these subjects than in the comparison groups.
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PMID:Diagnosis of adult psychiatric patients with childhood hyperactivity. 45 59

The relation between premorbid social competence and outcome was examined with 381 male state hospital patients in four diagnostic categories: schizophrenia, affective reaction, psychoneurotic disorder, and personality disorder. Outcome was assessed using the measures of length of initial hospitalization, total length of rehospitalization, and number of readmissions. The follow-up period was 3 years after discharge from the first hospitalization. On all outcome measures, higher social competence was significantly related to favorable outcome. The four diagnostic groups differed significantly in social competence level, but no evidence was found to indicate that the social competence-outcome relation was influenced by diagnosis. Results were interpreted as consistent with a developmental formulation and as indicating that the relation between premorbid social competence and outcome is not unique to schizophrenia but obtains over a broad range of diagnoses.
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PMID:Premorbid social competence and outcome among schizophrenic and nonschizophrenic patients. 46 11

The quarterly distribution of births of patients born in England and Wales 1921-60 and first admitted in 1970-75 was examined by decade of birth and by age at year of admission. For patients with schizophrenia and affective psychosis, the distribution varied: in the early decade (1921-30), and for older patients (45-54 years) the proportion of births in the fourth quarter of the year was high, compared with expectation from live births in the general population; but it became lower in succeeding decades and for younger age groups. No comparable change occurred for births of patients with neurosis or personality disorder.
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PMID:Variations in the seasonal distribution of births of psychotic patients in England and Wales. 62 48

In a consecutive series of 227 psychiatric hospital admissions, data were recorded in respect of the complaint of pain. Eighty-six (38%) had pain. Fourty-four (19%) mentioned it spontaneously and 49 (22%) had no relevant physical cause. Women were affected more often than men (P less than 0.01) and tended to complain more often of severe pain (P less than 0.01). Severe pain was more often reported spontaneously (P less than 0.02). Also, the longer pain lasted the more likely the patient was to report it spontaneously (P less than 0.02). Men more often had a relevant physical diagnosis (P less than 0.05) and the low back was the commonest site of pain in them. Pain was relatively often associated with diagnoses of anxiety and personality disorder and relatively infrequently with schizophrenia, organic brain syndromes and transient situational disturbances. It is concluded that whilst there is a strong association between pain and psychiatric illness, this is less prominent, paradoxically, in some of the more severe psychiatric disturbances.
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PMID:Significance of pain in psychiatric hospital patients. 64

Potentially life threatening self-mutilation of the nose in a patient with a severe passive aggressive character disorder is described. The phenomenological and psychodynamic features of this case are contrasted with those of schizophrenia and factitious dermatoses with similar excoriations.
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PMID:Life threatening self-mutilation of the nose. 68 8

The MHQ is a brief self-rating inventory purporting to measure aspects of six distinct categories of psychoneurosis and affective status. It has been found to be a reliable instrument and also valid as a profile measure. Two individual scales have also previously been explored in respect of validity. The present report describes a further attempt to examine the validity of individual scales in relation to pertinent single clinical diagnostic entities in a study involving 800 patients. The phobic and obsessional scales are found to be particularly accurate and differentiating in this respect. Patients variously diagnosed as suffering from anxiety states, depressive states and personality disorder tend to score very highly on several scales. The instrument serves overall to distinguish satisfactorily between such populations and others suffering from schizophrenia and anorexia nervosa. It also markedly differentiates them from 'normal' populations.
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PMID:The Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire: a validity study. 68 30

The change in paragraph 218 of the criminal code regarding abortion was responsible for new guidelines for the psychiatric evaluation regarding a therapeutic abortion is reported. The commonest indications were medical reasons such as exhaustion, and reactive depression. There was one case of schizophrenia, one case of affective psychosis, two attempted suicides, twenty reactive depressions, one character disorder, and one case of cerebral seizures. Five applications were approved. The follow-up evaluation of the women with the approved and dismissed applications for therapeutic abortions showed no physical or psychic abnormalities. A comparison with 88 German applicants showed similar results. The stringent evaluation of applications for therapeutic abortion is still necessary even after the change of the law.
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PMID:[Desire for therapeutic abortion in the dependents of foreign workers. Outpatients psychiatric evaluation (author's transl)]. 70 Mar 47

Teachers' comments in the childhood school records (grades K-12) of 143 psychiatric patients and their matched controls were coded along 23 bipolar dimensions. Two methods of grouping these scales were compared: rational clusters and factor analysis. Factor analysis yielded more numerous and narrowly defined behavioural groupings. Schizophrenics, personality disorder patients, neurotics, and depressives were compared to their matched controls on each of the cluster and factor scores. Both schizophrenics and personality disordered patients were significantly less agreeable in childhood than their respective controls. Pre-schizophrenics also were significantly more unstable. Depressives were more independent than their controls, while neurotics did not differ significantly in any respect from normals in childhood. The data suggest that schizophrenia may have specific developmental patterns of possible aetiological or early diagnostic significance.
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PMID:Childhood behaviour in schizophrenia, personality disorder, depression, and neurosis. 70 8


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