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Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The author describes the evaluation and treatment of 67 patients 60 years old or older who were referred to a consultation-liaison service in a university hospital. Age, sex, referring service, reasons for referral, psychiatric diagnosis, and interventions or recommendations were determined. Primary psychiatric diagnoses included depression (24%), dementia (19%), delirium (18%), schizophrenia (16%), and personality disorders (12%). Recommendations or interventions included advice in the use of psychotropic medications (61%), assistance with competency issues (25%), recommendation for further medical evaluation or treatment (36%), individual psychotherapy (28%), family therapy (25%), disposition planning (24%), and transfer to a geropsychiatry unit (12%). Hospitalized elderly patients with emotional problems represent a unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.
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PMID:Geropsychiatric consultation in a university hospital: a report on 67 referrals. 397 Feb 70

A series of 100 adults with the most common variants of delirious schizophrenia running both continuous and paroxysmal course were examined. The study established the structural unity of delirious states in the above forms of the schizophrenia course. The consistency of the considered delirious symptom-complexes with regard to their growing complexity corresponded to the time-course of psychopathological states associated with the development of oneiroid psychotic attacks. This suggests that the variability of delirious schizophrenia is determined by the level at which the psychotic state was stabilized and also by its duration and the degree of the psychopathological symptomatology.
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PMID:[Typology of delusional states in schizophrenic patients]. 398 97

The author observed 50 patients with schizophrenia manifested by a delirious state in the form of acute paranoid. Along with the general characteristics of the psychopathological structure of this syndrome, the schizophrenic patients presented considerable differences both in manifestations of the psychosis itself and in its time-course. On the basis of the qualitative specific features of delirious persecution manifestations and the ratio in the picture of psychosis of the components of acute sensual delirium and interpretative delirium, 3 variants of acute paranoid were identified: paranoid with the predominance of sensual delirium; paranoid with elements of interpretative delirium; and paranoid with a tendency to delirium alteration in the direction of fantasy. The author considers some characteristics of acute paranoids in schizophrenia and the possibility to use the elaborated typology for prognostic purposes.
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PMID:[Clinico-psychopathologic features and typology of acute paranoid episodes in schizophrenia]. 398 10

A study of late schizophrenia manifested in the syndrome of involutional paranoid has allowed the identification of the clinical variant of such psychoses (44 observations) differing from the classical forms in that the clinical picture was predominated by elementary acoustic hallucinations (acoasms). The phenomenological analysis has established that the formation of the clinical picture is determined by acoasms and also the resulting delirium of imagination and delirious interpretations. Two major variants of such psychoses have been specified and described ("the syndrome of acoasmatic hallucinosis" and "the hallucinational-delirious syndrome with the predominance of acoasms"). It has been established that each of these syndromal variants may determine the picture of the disease throughout its course or be one of the sequential stages of its development.
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PMID:[Acoasmatic hallucinosis in tardive schizophrenia]. 398 11

The authors compared the efficacy of unilateral electroconvulsive therapy in schizophrenia in relation to the leading syndrome and the place of electrode application. In controlling the affective and catatonic syndromes the best effect was achieved when the electrodes were applied to the non-dominant hemisphere. In delirious, hallucinatory-delirious and hallucinatory syndromes, the maximal effect was achieved by the application of electrodes to the dominant hemisphere. The relationship between the effect of local electroconvulsive therapy and the semiotics of the syndromes allows making the most rational use of unilateral electroconvulsive therapy in the differential treatment of schizophrenia.
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PMID:[Schizophrenic syndromes and efficacy of unilateral electroconvulsive therapy]. 398 12

The varieties of psychotic LSD experiences are many. A very few may resemble a delirium, some are quite reminiscent of schizophrenia and others have an idiosyncratic quality not seen in the naturally occurring psychoses. The psychotic response to LSD is better understood than transcendent experiences because its neurochemistry and phenomenology have been worked out. Additionally, there is greater familiarity with the endogenous psychoses than the endogenous cosmic experiences. The LSD condition, especially the unsane state, is indeed an experience in search of an explanation. It is doubtful that an animal model for it will be found. It is even possible that not all humans are capable of achieving that state by means of the hallucinogenic drugs. The LSD state remains an area of enormous interest that requires exploration and research.
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PMID:LSD: the varieties of psychotic experience. 408 79

After a study of the clinical peculiarities of psychoses of imbecile children and juveniles (18 cases of episodic psychoses, 15 cases of grafted schizophrenia) the following results were obtained: In the group of episodic psychoses in imbeciles the psychopathological symptom complex had to be subdivided into four subgroups. In the first group there predominated affective phenomena, in the second group disturbances of motion, in the third group delirious, and in the fourth group hallucinatory phenomena. The differential-diagnostic criteria show the difference of the episodic psychoses of imbeciles from schizophrenias (grafted schizophrenias). An early recognition of this form of psychoses is quite important to both the prognosis and choice of therapy.
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PMID:[Psychoses in the mentally retarded]. 500 91

Altogether 193 patients with prolonged periodical schizophrenia (duration more than 20 years) living at different regions of the country (Moscow and Andijan) were examined. Prognostic significance of the clinical features, excluding psychopathological peculiarities of the manifest attack itself was determined. Prognostically favourable factors were: the acute attack of short duration (less than 3 months) at the beginning of the disease; no delirious disorders in the course of the first remission, the remission duration exceeding 10 years; less than 3 attacks endured; transition of stable regressive or progressive forms to regressive ones. Unfavourable factors for social-labour prognosis were: the initial disorders at the beginning of the disease; more than 3-month duration of the first manifest attack; delirious disorders in the course of the first remission lasting less than 2 years; 4 or more attacks endured (more than 6 for Andijan population); transition of stable progressive or regressive disease varieties to progressive ones.
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PMID:[Clinical criteria for the socio-vocational prognosis of periodic schizophrenia patients (comparative clinico-epidemiologic study)]. 621 24

Sultopride, a benzamide derivative, provides rapid sedation. This makes it one of the main drugs used in psychiatric emergencies. Our study includes 26 cases of psychomotor hyperactivity originating in manic-depressive psychosis of schizophrenia. The medication had no effect on wakefulness. It was always effective on agitation but not on delusion or hallucinations. Manic forms of primary delirious experiences are the best indication for sultopride. It is mainly effective on delirium as a state rather than on delirium as an idea (Wahn, Delusion) which is secondary from a pathogenetic standpoint.
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PMID:[Sultopride in acute manic psychoses (author's transl)]. 627 34

The adverse psychic effects of antiepileptics embrace all categories of psychiatric symptomatology, including disturbances of consciousness (delirium, confusion), psychotic state (schizophrenia-like psychosis, affective disorder), neurotic state, behavior and character disorder. Antiepileptic intoxication can take the form of a psychotic episode. The lowered level of consciousness due to a high blood level of antiepileptics is expressed as inhibitory symptoms such as a lack of initiative, psychomotor slowing, lowering mood, stuporous state and the like. Another group of manifestation of a high blood level of antiepileptics, by contrast, consists of salient positive symptoms such as irritability, hyperkinetic syndrome, hysterical symptoms, aggravation of character change, delirium and confusion. An elevated blood level of antiepileptics by itself is not sufficient to give rise to a psychiatric symptom, which is rather prone to occur in the presence of some trouble or problems (defect in intelligence or personality, fragility of brain function, organic brain damage, psychogenic factors) in the patient.
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PMID:Antiepileptic drugs and psychiatric disorders: mechanism involved in manifestation of psychic symptoms of high blood level of antiepileptics. 642 78


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