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Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

On the basis of clinico-catamnestical studies of 72 patients with adolescen schizophrenia and dysmorphophobic disturbances the author distinguished 3 variants of the outcome of such conditions. The clinical picture was in correlation with the degree of progressiveness of the disease and the type of development. Some prognostic criteria concerning the development of the disease are given. In favour of a relatively favourable prognosis of dysmorphophobic conditions spoke the following phenomena: a monothematical character of dysmorphophobia, its nondelusional state, the absence of focal cenesthopathy and olfactorial hallucinations, a proximity of the content of dysmorphophobia to pubertal psychological signs, a connection between the exacerbation periods with depressive states, an undulating charcter of dysmorphophobic symptoms during adolescence and the oneset of the disease with psycheastheno-like disturbances. An unfavourable prognosis was characterized by a delusional character of dysmorphophobic disturbances, bizzare delusional hypochondric systems, including dysmorphophobia, ideas of reference, cenesthopathy, tactile and olfactory hallucinations, an insignificant dependence of dysmorphophobia from affective disorders and early appearing distinct personality changes.
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PMID:[Prognosis of juvenile schizophrenia with dysmorphophobic disorders (according to catamnestic findings)]. 101 44

Body image disturbance may be an early sign of schizophrenia. The significance of this and dysmorphophobia with relation to patients seeking cosmetic rhinoplasty is discussed. Results of a follow-up of patients 10 years after cosmetic surgery to see whether they developed schizophrenia or serious psychological disorder are presented. The literature, significance of the findings and the clinical implications are all discussed.
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PMID:The incidence of schizophrenia and severe psychological disorders in patients 10 years after cosmetic rhinoplasty. 119 55

A group of patients presenting with dermatological complaints but with no significant objective dermatological pathology on examination are described. Twenty-eight patients, twelve male and sixteen female, age range 16--76 years, mean 46 years, were seen. Symptomatology was confined to three main body areas: the face--eight patients; scalp--nine patients; perineum--eight patients. The complaints related to the face were burning, intense itching and hirsutes. Scalp symptoms included excessive hair loss and intense irritation. Genital symptoms included itching, excessive redness, burning and discomfort, which in three instances prevented the patient sitting. A disturbed body image (dysmorphophobia) was common and the most frequent psychological illness present was depression. Two patients were demented and in two a diagnosis of schizophrenia was made. One patient committed suicide and two patients attempted suicide. Female patients presenting with facial symptoms have a more ominous prognosis, both with regard to the risk of suicide and the development of psychosis. It is important that dermatologists recognize this common group of patients with dermatological non-disease. Those patients who are anxiously preoccupied with their skin may be managed by superficial psychotherapy and antidepressants. Those patients who are truly deluded should be referred to a psychiatrist.
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PMID:Dermatological non-disease: a common and potentially fatal disturbance of cutaneous body image. 724 74

Disturbances of body experience in schizophrenia patients occur frequently. They vary phenomenologically and lack exact and distinct definitions. Their theoretical and clinical relevance remains widely unclear. This review summarises the literature on clinically relevant symptoms such as coenaesthesis and body hallucinations, disturbances of pain perception, out-of-body-experiences, dysmorphophobia and self-injuries or self-mutilation. Empirical studies on the concepts of body schema, body concept and body cathexis are reported. Many of these studies have serious methodological shortcomings. The correlation of disturbances of body experience with other psychopathology is considered. Standardised methods for assessing these disturbances are listed. Effects of body-oriented psychotherapy have been suggested, but not empirically tested. Finally, the possible relevance of further research in this field is discussed.
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PMID:[Disturbances of body experience in schizophrenic patients]. 934 Mar 15

The demographic features of 415 patients seeking cosmetic surgery were investigated from a psychiatric point of view. Of the 415 patients, 198 (47.7%) were found to have mental disorders according to ICD-10 including: 17 with schizophrenia, 20 with other persistent delusional disorders, 33 with depressive episode, 47 with neurotic disorders, 42 with hypochondriacal disorder, five with paranoid personality disorder and 14 with histrionic personality disorder. The rate of subjects with poor social adjustment was 56.0%. It was noteworthy that such a considerable number of patients with mental disorders or with poor social adjustment had sought cosmetic surgery. Distinct gender differences were found: male subjects were characterized to have a greater number of mental disorders, especially dysmorphophobia (other persistent delusional disorders plus hypochondriacal disorder) and showed the narrow age range between teenage and young adult age when they were preoccupied with their 'deformity', and poor social function. A history of frequent operations was not considered to be an indicator for mental abnormality. The diagnostic issue in dysmorphophobia is briefly described.
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PMID:Demographic features of patients seeking cosmetic surgery. 968 79

The uncertainties of looming adulthood, nostalgia for childhood, and a general malaise explain the crisis of adolescence. Rebellion, conflict, occasional failure at school or in society, and at-risk behaviors are not always signs of future psychiatric illness. In contrast, the physician must be in a position to identify tell-tale signs such as dysmorphophobia, existential anxiety, a feeling of emptiness, and school or social breakdown. Most psychiatric disorders that begin in adolescence are only diagnosed several years after onset. Yet early diagnosis is of utmost importance, as treatment becomes less effective and the long-term prognosis worsens with time. Suicide is the second cause of death during adolescence. All signs of suicidal behavior require hospitalization and evaluation in a psychiatric unit. Antidepressants may be necessary in adolescence. The recent controversy concerning a possible increase in the suicidal risk during antidepressant treatment should not mask the fact that the real public health issue is depression, and not antidepressants. Eating disorders are especially frequent among adolescent girls; it is important to identify psychiatric comorbidities such as schizophrenia, depression and obsessive-compulsive disorders, and to assess the vital risk. Illicit drug and alcohol consumption are frequent during adolescence; for example, close to half of all French adolescents have tried cannabis at least once. Once again, it is important to detect psychiatric comorbidities in substance-abusing adolescents. Phobia is an underdiagnosed anxiety disorder among adolescents; it may become chronic if proper treatment is not implemented, leading to suffering and disability. Finally, two major psychiatric disorders--schizophrenia and bipolar disorder--generally begin in adolescence. Treatment efficacy and the long-term prognosis both depend on early diagnosis. Treatment must be tailored to the individual patient. "Borderline" states are over-diagnosed, hindering more precise diagnosis and delaying appropriate treatment.
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PMID:[Physiological adolescence, pathological adolescence]. 1765 Jul 49