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Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Controlled investigations on the psychopharmacological treatment of psychotic children are reviewed. Children with infantile autism might benefit from psychopharmacological medication when they grow older, e.g. above the age of 7 years. Learning might be facilitated when the psychoactive medication is able to inhibit psychotic preoccupations and idiosyncratic reactions. Schizophrenic and manic-depressive psychoses are rarely seen in childhood. A subgroup of the children with infantile autism might develop schizophrenic symptoms. Schizophrenia and manic-depressive psychosis in children are treated as in adults. Special caution must be paid to the toxic effects of imipramine.
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PMID:Psychopharmacological treatment of psychotic children. A survey. 3 38

The possible mechanisms that underlie symptom formation in childhood schizophrenia are discussed. A body of research evidence has been reviewed in which dissociation in relation to information processing was examined for its possible consequence in the formation and expression of symptomatology. Schizophrenic children have been found to exhibit dissociation of integrative processes among the sense systems at a level which is several years below normal expectation, and they usually fail to improve as age increases. The clinical manifestations of schizophrenia are considered to be the consequence of the conflict, distortion, and deprivation that derive from failure in information processing. These consequences can best be understood within a developmental framework which encompasses the different age-stages of function. This approach to the understanding of symptom formation is discussed in relationship to other evidence which suggests that primary neurological abnormality is present in schizophrenic children. Thus the identification of abnormality of intersensory integrative function may increase our understanding of etiology as well as of the mechanisms of symptom formation in schizophrenic children.
J Autism Child Schizophr 1975 Mar
PMID:Symptom formation as an expression of disordered information processing in schizophrenic children. 4 49

The examination of 32 children with Kanner's syndrome of early infantile autism permits to assume that this syndrome in some of the cases is expressed only by inborn anomalies which correspond to constitutional psychopathy in adults. In most of the cases this syndrome forms the initial expression of child schizophrenia. In separate cases disorders very similar to Kanner's syndrome may be seen after the first olliterated attack during early childhood (up to 3 years). A comparative study of the same indices of development of 268 children with an early onset of schizophrenic process in spite of some differences confirms that Kanner's syndrome is very close to childhood schizophrenia. An analysis of genealogical data shows genetical relations of Kanner's syndrome with child schizophrenia.
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PMID:[Kanner's syndrome and childhood schizophrenia]. 5 49

The authors discusses some unclear and insufficiently studied problems related to early infantile autism, regress of development and underdevelopment of schizophrenic children. The basis of early infantile autism is most likely a peculiar disturbance of development due to constitutional, organic and psychogenic factors. In most of the cases this syndrome is connected with the schizophrenic process. The majority of psychiatrists in the Soviet Union consider lowering to a more early level of development as a regress of development in child schizophrenia symptoms. The clinical picture of retarded development in childhood schizophrenia depends upon the age of the onset of the disease and the degree of progressiveness of the process. Depending upon these criteria it is possible to distinguish retarded development, resembling oligophrenia and phenomena of psychophysical infantilism.
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PMID:[Several developmental disorders in children with schizophrenia]. 6 1

Comparison of the properties of blood platelets and serotonergic synaptosomes suggests that the human platelet can serve as an appropriate model for the transport, metabolism, and release of serotonin (5-HT) by CNS serotonergic neurons. The study of blood 5-HT levels and platelet 5-HT pharmacodynamics in patients with a variety of psychiatric and neurologic disorders has generated interesting leads into possible abnormalities of CNS 5-HT neurons in these patients. This article reviews the experimental evidence, which uses the human platelet model to investigate neurotransmitter-related abnormalities in Down syndrome, mental retardation, infantile autism, hyperactivity syndromes (minimal brain dysfunction), schizophrenia, affective disorders, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Parkinson disease, Huntington chorea, and migraine headaches.
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PMID:The human platelet. A diagnostic and research tool for the study of biogenic amines in psychiatric and neurologic disorders. 14 Jun 32

A study of the historical development of nosological conceptions of schizophrenia of children in parallel with the development of pedopsychiatry shows that these conceptions closely follow the lines of adult psychiatry. The description of psychosis-like conditions such as infantile dementia and autism also did not yet lead to a fundamental change in pathogenetic conceptions. There is then described the heuristic approach to considering schizophrenia of children and schizophrenia-like pictures of childhood as a disturbance of adaptation to reality, the development of which can be due to dispositional factors, minimal cerebral lesions acquired in early childhood, and environmental conditions in the sense of a constellatory genesis.
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PMID:[Development of nosological conceptions of child psychoses]. 35 60

Lauretta Bender, internationally known as one of the pioneers in the field of child psychiatry, has written extensively on autism and other forms of childhood disturbance. This paper reviews and analyzes the development of her theories on autism, especially as it relates to childhood schizophrenia. Bender believes that the condition is one of the manifestations of schizophrenia occurring in earliest childhood. This review traces, through her writings and through personal contact, the development and elaboration of this view, and discusses influences on her work of Schilder, Gesell and others.
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PMID:Lauretta Bender on autism: a review. 52 91

The problem of differential diagnosis of childhood schizophrenia versus gross brain pathology is a difficult one. The clinical picture, for instance, of dementia infantalis (Heller's Disease) is indistinguishable from that of schizophrenia (Shaw & Lucas, 1970). The same is true of some major metabolic disorders (Bray,1970). Coexisting neurological and EEG findings for seizures are not helpful since these are often seen in schizophrenia (Bender, 1947; Fish, 1977). Mental retardation may coexist with schizophrenia or any of the other disorders. The following is an unusual case illustration of a child presenting symptoms of schizophrenia, seizures, and retardation without neurological abnormalities. Until his gross anatomical brain pathology was found by neurologic evaluation, he was subjected to the inappropriate treatment of psychotherapy.
J Autism Dev Disord 1979 Mar
PMID:Davidoff-Dyke-Masson syndrome presenting as childhood schizophrenia. 57 29

Slowly progressive schizophrenia in children is marked in 45.5% of all the cases. This form of development usually cannotes a favourably developing variant of continuous and attack-like schizophrenia, characterized by a gradual increase of psychopath-like (schizoid) personality changes. For this reason it is necessary to differentiate the diagnosis of schizophrenia with the dynamics of psychopathy in children. The paper contains data of some criteria of a differential diagnosis of slowly progressive schizophrenia in relation to early childhood autism, psychic infantilism, obsessional neurosis, pathologically developing age crises and cyclothymia in children.
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PMID:[Differential diagnosis of slowly progressive schizophrenia in children]. 71 27

After considerable controversies during the last decades there is no longer any doubt about childhood schizophrenia as a disease, although within German-speaking countries its somewhat wider definition like in Anglo-Saxon child- and adolescent psychiatry is not accepted. The relation of early childhood autism to the nosologic entity of schizophrenia still remains speculative. The etiology of childhood schizophrenia is not known, equally not that of the even less frequent manic-depressive disease. Symptoms, course, and prognosis of childhood schizophrenia which developes between preschool age and the begin of puberty are described in detail.
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PMID:[Schizophrenia in childhood (author's transl)]. 76 43


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