Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036341 (schizophrenia)
 60,220 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The possible interrelation of schizophrenia and alcoholism was examined by comparing schizophrenic adoptees and their biological relatives with control adoptees and their biological relatives. Neither schizophrenics nor their relatives had higher rates of alcoholism than did controls.
 ...
PMID:Alcoholism in schizophrenics and their relatives. 91 95

47 affectively ill psychiatric patients and their first-, second- and third-degree relatives were investigated by means of an interview and pedigree analysis to determine the incidence of psychiatric illness in their families. The percentage of psychiatric illness appeared greatest in families of bipolar and schizo-affective probands and least in families of unipolar depressives. In addition, we observed that often within a particular family constellation, more than one type of psychiatric illness (i.e., bipolar manic-depression, schizophrenia, alcoholism, etc.) was present. Morbidity risks varied from one affected family to another, indicating that the genetic risk components for some families are greater than for others. These findings are suggestive of multifactorial genetic disease but other genetic models are considered.
 ...
PMID:Genetics of affective disorders. I. Familial incidence study of bipolar, unipolar and schizo-affective illnesses. 100 97

In the psychiatric social services of the Public Health Departments in Berlin (Charlottenburg, Spandau, Kreuzberg), data concerning the clients, the work of the coworkers and the quality of client care were collected. More than 80% of the clients of the psychiatric social service suffer from severe psychiatric disturbances: alcoholism, psychiatric geriatric illness and schizophrenia. This diagnosis range differs significantly from that of the physicians in a private practice. Competition, therefore, does not exist between the psychiatric social services and the psychiatrists in a private practice. --The coworkers of the social istuation (housing, profession, salary and social contacts) to be poor for every second (to third) client and unfavorable for the course of the disease. Psychiatric social care in the areas of medicine, nursing and welfare as well as the coordination of the care was evaluated as unsatisfactory for every second (to third) client. --Dor social workers and physicians, the percentage of direct patient-oriented activity was about 45%, the percentage of indirect patient-oriented activity was about 55%, about 40% of the work-time was used for administration. An improvement in the organization could free more work-time for meaningful activity. --The psychiatric social services fulfill an important function for out-patient care, particularly for the severly mentally disturbed. The existing gaps in client care cannot begin to be closed by just expanding the psychiatric social services in terms of personnel in the Public Health Department. Extensive structural changes must also be made in regard to psychiatric care.
 ...
PMID:[Model for a sociopsychiatric out-patient clinic? (author's transl)]. 102 16

The authors report preliminary clinical investigations about sultopride, a new substituted benzamid, related to sulpiride. The drug was administered to thirty-nine hospitalized psychotic patients. A very powerful and constant efficacy of sultopride was observed in 11 manic and hypomanic typical syndroms: excitation was controlled between the first and third day, with oral doses of 1,200-1,800 mg. But thymical inversion was observed in 8 cases (3 light anxious states and 5 typical melancholic syndroms). Besides, interesting improvements were obtained in atypical excitation disorders, chronic hallucinatory delusions, acute oniric and confusional states, schizophrenia and chronic alcoholism. Side-effects were frequent: extrapyramidal syndroms, often requiring antiparkinsonian correctors, somnolence, asthenia, and above all (in 30 percent of cases) psychical side-effects, consisting in depressive and anxious modifications of mood, even apart from manic-melancholic psychosis. This psychotropic depressive effect appears as very interesting theoretically, and justifies further enquiry.
 ...
PMID:[Situation of sultopride among present-day neuroleptics]. 109 44

The group of subjects consisted of 44 patients (attempters) who were admitted to hospital for treatment because of attempted suicide during a 3-month period in Norther Savo (in Eastern Finland), another 44 patients (non-attempters) admitted to hospital in the same period for other reasons serving as controls. The number of women was the same in both groups, and so was, in consequence, the number of men. The study compared the attempters with the non-attempters and, in addition, the patients coming from urban areas with those coming from rural areas, the ratio of the urban to the rural patients being the same in both groups. The study was based on personal psychiatric interviews with the patients, which took place in each case both immediately following the patient's admission and precisely 3 months afterwards. The results showed that schizophrenia was significantly more frequent in the rural than in the urban attempter group. By contrast, alcoholism and alcohol abuse were more frequent in the urban than in the rural attempter group. Compared with the urban patients, the rural patients tended to be physically more seriously desordered. Poisoning by drugs was a significantly more frequent means of attempted suicide in the urban than in th rural group. The patients in the latter group, again, had resorted oftener to the so-called "active" methods of attempted suicide. Of the attempters, 25% attempted suicide anew during the 3-month follow-up period, the corresponding figure for the non-attempter group being only 6%. During the follow-up period, a greater number of suicidal attempts was made by the patients in the rural group than by those in the urban group, and, as regards the intent to succeed, the attempts of the former were more serious than those of the latter. The so-called "active" methods were used more often by rural than by urban patients also during the follow-up period. All in all, the self-destructive behaviour exhibited during the follow-up period was graver in the rural than in the urban group.
 ...
PMID:A study of attempted suicides in urban versus rural areas, with a follow-up. 118 56

A study of 50 consecutive individuals referred for pretrial psychiatric examination, presumably because of previous psychiatric hospitalization (82 percent), indicated that antisocial personality, alcoholism, or drug dependence was present in 80 percent. Schizophrenia or bipolar affective disorder was seen in about a third of the subjects, usually associated as well, however, with antisocial personality, alcoholism, or drug dependence. There were no significant differences in index crime between those with or without schizophenia bipolar affective disorder. It is concluded that the latter conditions occur in no more than two or three per cent of all felons.
 ...
PMID:Psychiatric disorders and crime: a study of pretrial psychiatric examinations. 126 48

The authors studied 76 patients from 51-87 years who attempted to commit suicide. The main diagnostic categories were involutional, senile and reactive psychoses, alcoholism, and schizophrenia. The main syndromes during which such acts were attempted were anxious-depressive, depressive-hypochondriacal and depressive-delusional. The formation of suicidal tendency was precipitated by age involution, somatical disorders, psychogenic traumas. In most of the patients following the suicidal attempt, there were mental disorders, conditioned both by the main psychic disturbance and by the personality reaction to the suicidal act, due to which special psychiatric treatment was necessary.
 ...
PMID:[Suicide attempts in the involutional and aged periods]. 126 13

In the evaluation of drug efficacy, despite the customary device of randomization, regional differences of prevalence of a given disease, unique culturally determined practices in treatment, and differential tolerances to side effects are complicating factors in transcultural pharmacology that must be taken into account in the interpretation of efficacy and toxicity. This thesis is documented by illustrations from psychiatric practice, e.g., prevalence and morbidity of alcoholism, cultural differences as to prevalence, diagnosis, and symptomatology of schizophrenia, even to the point of widely discrepant diagnosis of a given patient, depending upon whether the examination was done by an American or British psychiatrist. Similar differences concerning the existence of disease entities other than psychiatric are cited, e.g., hepatic insufficiently considered common in some Latin populations; low blood pressure a recognized and treatable condition in Eastern Europe. The incidence of side effects from the same drug may also vary in different cultures, making the interpretation of their significance difficult, and cross-cultural comparisons hazardous. To avoid some of these pitfalls, it is essential to recognize (1) the many complexities inherent in trials involving differing cultures and (2) to design the studies insofar as possible to include measurement of population variables.
 ...
PMID:Culture, morbidity, and the effects of drugs. 126 6

We looked for the present and past history of functional disorders, especially mood disorders among 215 inpatients with diagnosis of alcohol dependence using Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia--Life-time Version (SADS-L). This same was determined in their first degree relatives using Family History--Research Diagnostic Criteria (FH--RDC). The incidence of mood disorders among probands was rather low--9.8% (bipolar--0.9%, recurrent depression--2.8%, minor depression--6.0%), the occurrence of other functional disorders was much more rare: 2 patients--panic disorder, 2--general anxiety disorders. Among first degree relatives only two had history of depression. The incidence of alcoholism was rather high, especially in men.
 ...
PMID:[Depressive syndromes in patients dependent on alcohol with regard to mental disorders in the family]. 129 7

In 1969, a Pacific Northwest American Indian community cohort (n = 100) was interviewed for the presence of physical and psychiatric illnesses. The same community was studied again in 1988. This study describes the outcome among the original 100 subjects. The schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Lifetime Version (SADS-L) served as the basic interview instrument, supplemented by data from medical records, death certificates, and medical and community informants. Twenty-five subjects had died, 13 from cardiovascular disorders and seven from alcohol-related illnesses. Among the 46 subjects re-interviewed, hypertension, heart disease, and diabetes had become significant sources of medical morbidity. Alcoholism was the most significant cause of psychiatric morbidity, particularly among males. This study indicates that greater attention should be focused upon prevention and treatment of alcoholism, cardiovascular disorders, and diabetes in this community and in other American Indian populations.
 ...
PMID:The natural history of medical and psychiatric disorders in an American Indian community. 130 32


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>