Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0035412 (rhabdomyosarcoma)
 6,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this study was to determine the histological spectrum of operated cardiac tumors, excluding myxoma, at a tertiary center in India. Between 1995 and 2010, we encountered 188 cases of operated cardiac tumors that had been subjected to histopathological examination. Morphological characterization was done by light microscopy along with histochemical stains. Immunohistochemistry using a panel of antibodies, i.e., vimentin, desmin, myogenin, smooth muscle actin (SMA), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), cytokeratins, factor VIII-related antigen, S100-protein, synaptophysin, chromogranin, Bcl2, MIB-1, leukocyte common antigen (LCA), CD 3, CD20, CD34, and CD 99 (MIC-2) was performed wherever applicable. Out of the 188 cases, 184 were primary cardiac tumors, including 170 cases of benign cardiac tumors. Among the benign tumors, myxomas were the most frequent ones (168 cases), followed by fibroma (2 cases). Primary malignancy was diagnosed in 14 cases, including undifferentiated sarcomas, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma non-Hodgkin lymphoma, angiosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma. Metastatic (secondary) tumors were seen in four cases, including one each of adenocarcinoma, choriocarcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, and alveolar soft part sarcoma. Hence, out of the total of 188 cases, 20 were non-myxoma cardiac tumors (NMCTs), including 2 benign tumors, 14 malignant tumors, and 4 metastatic tumors. In our series, the majority of cardiac tumors were primary in nature. The malignant primary tumors outnumbered benign ones, excluding myxomas, and the most common malignant histology was undifferentiated sarcoma, as opposed to the literature.
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PMID:Spectrum of cardiac tumors excluding myxoma: Experience of a tertiary center with review of the literature. 2207 57

A 64-year-old male farmer presented with a rapidly progressive swelling of the left mandible since 6 months. The swelling was firm to hard, diffuse, nontender, obliterating the vestibule with paresthesia of lower lip. The cone beam computed tomography imaging revealed an ill-defined, moth-eaten radiolucency with destruction of the buccal and lingual cortical plates. The rapid growth and aggressive behavior of the lesion coupled with guidance from the patient's previous reports from the incisional biopsy and fine needle aspiration cytology warranted a mandibular resection. Microscopic examination showed an encapsulated lesion situated in the connective tissue containing a mixture of proliferating spindle-shaped cells arranged in fascicles and round cells infiltrating into the connective tissue stroma and bone. The neoplastic cells exhibited atypical features such as pleomorphism, hyperchromatism and increased mitotic figures with noncleaved nuclei. A working diagnosis of a spindle-cell sarcoma was arrived at with various differentials provided such as fibrosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, Langerhans cell histiocytosis and lymphoma and stating the need for immunohistochemistry to subtype the tumor. The neoplastic cells were negative for Van Gieson's stain and Masson's trichrome. Immunohistochemical analysis performed using desmin, smooth muscle actin, S-100 and CD1a in a bid to determine the phenotype of the tumor and rule out the previously stated differentials were all negative for the lesion. Lymphoid markers such as leukocyte common antigen and CD20 (cluster differentiation marker for B-cells) showed positivity in spindle-shaped cells as well as round cells indicating the tumor to be a lymphoproliferative lesion of B-cell type. A final diagnosis of "spindle-cell variant of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma" was rendered based on the immunohistochemical profile.
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PMID:A rare spindle-cell variant of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the mandible. 2719 75

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a T-cell lymphoma, accounting for <5% of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Cutaneous involvement can be primary or secondary arising in systemic ALCL. The diagnostic feature in both is the presence of pleomorphic, CD30 positive hallmark cells. We present a case of ALCL in a 19-year-old male presenting as an ulcerated scalp swelling. Clinical impression was actinomycosis or scrofuloderma. Cytology smears showed large dispersed pleomorphic cells with hyperlobated nuclei and multinucleated giant cells. The differentials considered were ALCL, rhabdomyosarcoma, and poorly differentiated carcinoma. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) showed positivity for leukocyte common antigen (LCA) and CD30 while negativity for desmin, favoring ALCL. Computed tomography (CT) showed a lytic paravertebral lesion. Subsequently, both paraspinal and scalp lesions were biopsied and immunochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of ALCL. Thus, cutaneous involvement in ALCL can resemble inflammatory and other neoplastic lesions clinically and cytologically. Hence, a high index of suspicion and ICC can aid in the correct diagnosis on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).
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PMID:Anaplastic large cell lymphoma: A great mimic on cytology. 2870 33


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