Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0035412 (rhabdomyosarcoma)
 6,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The examination performed indicated metastases in regional lymph nodes in 34 (7.5%) of 453 patients with soft tissue malignancies. The presence of metastases aggravates considerably the prognosis: a 5-year survival was 6.6%. Great risk of metastatic proliferation is especially characteristic of rhabdomyosarcoma, non-classifiable blastoma and synovial sarcoma. Primary tumors develop metastases more frequently than recurrent ones. The probability of lymphogenic spread of metastases is the higher the larger the tumor size in young individuals, and also with skin involvement. Tumor infiltration of bones does not result in an increased percentage of lymphogenic metastasization. The proximity of a tumor to regional lymph nodes is not inherent in a higher risk of their metastatic involvement.
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PMID:[Pattern of lymphogenic metastasizing of soft tissue malignant tumors]. 22 76

Protease inhibitory activity of eight cytostatic drugs on 5 proteases was tested by applying an immunoelectrophoretic system, a rhabdomyosarcoma's collagenolytic activity was investigated and inhibition studies were performed. We found 5-fluorouracil stopping collagenolytic activity of clostridial origin and the enzyme released by the tumor. No other cytostatic drug showed protease inhibition. The collagenolysis of the rhabdomyosarcoma was examined for its origin. Negative inhibition studies with ethylene-diamine-tetraacetate make the leukocyte origin highly improbable so that one can suggest that the hydrolytic enzyme derived from the tumor. Our findings could contribute to characterize the enzyme released by the tumor. We suggest its role as a mediator of invasion and metastasis and on the other hand we detected its relatively specific inhibitor, 5-fluorouracil, which could influence tumorous and normal growth, regeneration and the intermediary protein metabolism.
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PMID:[5-fluorouracil inhibits bacterial collagenase and the collagenolytic system of a human rhabdomyosarcoma]. 23 Apr 33

Fifty-eight patients with orbital rhabdomyosarcoma were treated with irradiation alone (25) or irradiation and chemotherapy (33) with follow-ups of 6 months to 14 years (mean 5.2 yr). At present, 74% are alive and 26% have died. Local control of the tumor was accomplished in 91% of cases. When local sinuses were invaded the survival rate was 55%. Chemotherapy appears to be of greatest value when disease is limited to the orbit. Irradiation or irradiation and chemotherapy should now be the treatment of choice for orbital rhabdomyosarcoma.
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PMID:The treatment of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma with irradiation and chemotherapy. 23 65

Undiluted, fivefold-diluted, and 25-fold-diluted doses of a stock of Moloney murine sarcoma virus were injected directly, in a volume of 0.025 ml, into the backs of fetal Sprague-Dawley rats by laparotomy through the uterine wall at 18 days of gestation. During the first 8 weeks after birth the young responded to the virus with remarkably high but dose-dependent incidences of neoplasms. When a one-fifth dilution of the virus preparation was inoculated at fetal ages 16, 18, and 20 days, the incidences of lesions decreased with advancing fetal age. The tumors developed preferentially at the virus inoculation site and/or in the proximal parts of the extremeties; all were considered to be of mesenchymal derivation, i.e., malignant mesenchymoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma or fibromyxosarcoma, hemangiosarcoma, plasmacytoma, and a giant cell tumor. This injection procedure provided us with a valuable experimental tool for the rapid screening or testing of potential chemical carcinogens and other biologic studies.
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PMID:Enhancement of tumor induction in rats with Moloney murine sarcoma virus by a "new" method based on direct injection into fetuses. 26 91

Moloney murine sarcoma virus (M-MSV) was injected directly into the fetuses of Sprague-Dawley rats during the late stage of gestation and into the neonates within 24 hours after birth. Ninety rats developed 188 neoplastic lesions during the 8-week period of observation. Nearly all of the neoplasms were of mesenchymal derivation. Sixty percent of these neoplasms revealed more complex histologic features than those previously reported for neoplasms induced in rodents with M-MSV and were designated "malignant mesenchymoma" which developed preferentially in the proximal parts of the extremities, distant from the inoculation site. Rhabdomyosarcoma and osteosarcoma which developed in a pure form at the various sites were the next most common tumor type. Osteosarcoma developing in a pure form and as a component of malignant mesenchymoma in the humerus and femur was comparable to that of juxtacortical osteosarcoma of man; The development of excessive bones were observed in the forelimb and/or hind leg, suggesting a type of skeletal malformation. The reaction to M-MSV merits attention as a model for the study of an osteosarcoma and malignant mesenchymoma as well as rhabdomyosarcoma and also for the study of viral teratogenesis in man, as "rubella syndrome".
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PMID:Pathology of neoplasms and other lesions induced in rats with Moloney murine sarcoma virus. 26 56

Children with malignancies resistant to conventional therapy were treated with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (PDD), 15 to 20 mg/m2, given daily by rapid intravenous infusion for 5 days at 3-wk intervals. Eleven of 24 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) received two or more courses; among these no remissions occurred. Fifty-four children with solid tumors were treated: 25 neuroblastoma, 9 rhabdomyosarcoma, 4 Ewing sarcoma, 2 testicular embryonal carcinoma, 2 retinoblastoma, and 12 miscellaneous tumors. One complete remission, 3 partial remissions, and 2 improvements were observed in children with neuroblastoma. One girl with metastatic osteogenic sarcoma achieved a partial remission. One child with metastatic testicular embryonal carcinoma showed improvement. The side effects were vomiting controlled by antiemetics in 26 children and transient elevations of serum creatinine and BUN in 14 children. Nineteen of 39 children with solid tumors, who received more than one course of PDD, had moderately severe myelosuppression caused by PDD. In summary, PDD is a promising agent in neuroblastoma, osteogenic sarcoma, and testicular embryonal carcinoma, and an ineffective agent in ALL. The effect of PDD on other types of solid tumors should be evaluated in the future.
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PMID:Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (NSC-119875) in childhood malignancies: a Southwest Oncology Group study. 27 32

The latency period, success rate, and minimal cell inoculum size required for transplantation of continuously passaged human tumor lines into congenitally athymic (nude) mice, antilymphocyte serum (ALS)-treated congenitally athymic (nude) mice, and congenitally athymic-asplenic (lasat) mice were compared. The 11 tumor lines studied included examples of breast adenocarcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, Hodgkin's disease, malignant melanoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. Of these 11 tumor lines, 3 were successfully transplanted into nude mice, compared to 5 of 10 tumor lines in ALS-treated nude mice and 9 of 11 lines in lasat mice. Moreover, the latency period was shorter and the minimal cell inoculum size was lower for lasat mice than for either nude or ALS-treated nude mice. Despite this enhancement of heterotransplantation into lasat mice and despite the growth of large local masses, no evidence of distant metastases was found.
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PMID:Enhancement of heterotransplanted human tumor graft survival in nude mice treated with antilymphocyte serum and in congenitally athymic-asplenic (Lasat) mice. 27 31

A combination of the radiosensitizer, metronidazole, and the radioprotector, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), was tested for its effects on the radiation tolerance of rat skin and on the radiosensitivity of the BA1112 rhabdomyosarcoma. The simplest interpretation of the effects of the combined treatment is that: metronidazole radiosensitizes BA1112 in one-fraction but not in five-fraction treatments; metronidazole slightly increases the radiosensitivity of skin in one-fraction treatments; metronidazole radiosensitization is independent of the radioprotection produced by DMSO.
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PMID:Effect of combined metronidazole and DMSO on tumour control and skin tolerance in the rat. 27 31

We reviewed the records of 1,323 patients with retinoblastoma treated here between 1922 and 1978. Twenty-eight patients underwent bilateral enucleation alone and received no additional treatment for their advanced tumors. Of the 28 patients, 22 (92%) survived. Four patients were lost to follow-up, and two died of metastatic retinoblastoma. Of 22 survivors of bilateral retinoblastoma treated with enucleation alone, three developed second tumors at a mean of 15.3 years after bilateral enucleation. One patient developed a rhabdomyosarcoma in the left temple region, the second patient developed an osteogenic sarcoma of the right femur, and the third developed a malignant melanoma of the left thigh. All three patients died of their disease. The incidence of second tumors in patients who survived bilateral retinoblastoma treated without radiation was 14% (three patients), which is comparable to a series previously reported in which patients were treated with enucleation and irradiation.
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PMID:Second tumors in nonirradiated bilateral retinoblastoma. 28 50

Radium therapy at the age of 3 years for an embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma of the paranasal fold resulted in severe cutaneous lesions but also relatively limited disturbances of growth of the corresponding maxilla: inclusion of the underlying canine and version of neighbouring teeth, very incomplete development of the nearest dental roots, absence of air filling of the maxillary sinus. The relatively slight nature of these developmental disturbances is certainly related to the techniques of interstitial radium therapy developed and used at the Gustave Roussy Institute. Routine orthodontic study of the cases of children surviving after treatment of a malignant tumor of the face would undoubtedly offer even more precise information concerning therapeutic indications.
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PMID:[Disturbances in development of the maxilla following interstitial radium therapy for a facial rhabdomyosarcoma at the age of 3 years (author's transl)]. 28 61


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