Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0035412 (rhabdomyosarcoma)
 6,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A new retravirus (SMRV) isolated from a squirrel monkey, Saimiri sciureus, has an Mg2+-dependen reverse transcriptase and a buoyant density of 1.17 g/cm3 in sucrose and 1.21 g/cm3 in cesium chloride, similar to the mouse mammary tumor virus and the Mason-Pfizer monkey virus. The polypeptide patter of SMRV as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was distinct from the reported polypeptide patterns of known retraviruses. Four major polypeptides of molecular weights 40,000, 20,000, 14,000 and 8,000 were resolved in virus propagated in human, mink, and canine cells. In A204 human rhabdomyosarcoma cells, a protein of 73,000 daltons (gp73) represented the major viral glycoprotein as determined by [3H]glucosamine labeling. Additional proteins were also observed, but their presence depended on the cell type in which the virus was propagated. In both species-and interspecies-specific assays, no antigenic relatedness was observed between SMRV and Mason-Pfizer monkey virus, mouse mammary tumor virus, baboon endogenous virus (BaLV), woolly monkey virus (SSV-1), murine leukemia virus, endogenous feline type C virus (RD-114), bovine leukemia virus, and equine infectious anemia virus. These findings indicate that SMRV represents a new retravirus and the first isolate from a New World monkey.
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PMID:Characterization of a retravirus isolated from squirrel monkeys. 6 28

The proteins in cell layers of cultured normal diploid human skin (ES, ER) and lung (WI-38) fibroblasts were compared to those of SV40-transformed human fibroblasts (WI-38/VA-13), human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) and fibrosarcoma (HT-1080) cells using metabolic amino acid and sugar labeling and surface labeling with tritiated sodium borohydride after oxidation with galactose oxidase. The labeled proteins were analysed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography (fluorography). A transformation-associated decrease in the pericellular glycoprotein fibronectin (subunit molecular weight, 220 000) and in the synthesis of a set of polypeptides in the 130 000--180 000 dalton region was seen. Synthesis of a glycosylated 160 000 dalton polypeptide was markedly reduced. In transformed cells distinct increases of several specific polypeptides was detected in both [35S]methionine and [3H] mannose incorporation experiments but not using the surface labeling method.
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PMID:Comparison of polypeptides from cultured human fibroblasts and sarcoma cells. 21 25

The RD variants of group B coxsackieviruses differ from their parental strains in having the ability to replicate in a human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line, RD. The nucleotide sequence of the P1 region of the RD variant of coxsackievirus B3 strain Nancy (CB3NRD) was determined by sequencing cloned cDNAs, obtained by PCR amplification. A comparison between the established nucleotide sequence and that of the P1 region from the parental virus revealed 12 point mutations which corresponded to six amino acid replacements. To identify if the P1 region is responsible for the phenotype of CB3NRD, a chimeric virus was constructed, using an infectious cDNA clone of CB3. The P1 region of the infectious cDNA was replaced by cDNA fragments from CB3N (parental strain Nancy) or CB3NRD and the resulting recombinants were assayed for their ability to infect and replicate in RD cells. The results showed that the RD phenotype of CB3NRD maps in the P1 region. Furthermore, a chimera which only contained the 5' part of the P1 region derived from CB3NRD and the remaining P1 sequence from CB3N was able to replicate in RD cells, suggesting that the VP2 polypeptide contains at least one determinant for the RD phenotype.
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PMID:Mapping of the RD phenotype of the Nancy strain of coxsackievirus B3. 132 28

Antibodies generated against the whole membrane preparation isolated from rhabdomyosarcoma RA-2 cells were shown by immunoblotting and immunoaffinity chromatography to recognize 58-kDa polypeptide, p58. The latter was confirmed to be a surface molecule in a test of radioiodination of RA-2 membrane by lodogen. The antibodies added to a suspension of RA-2 cells before their inoculation into rats decreased metastatic activity 50-fold without any noticeable influence on RA-2 proliferation level and viability. The data indicate that masking of p58 surface antigen by antibodies could make RA-2 cells unable to form experimental metastases in lung. We suggest that p58 may participate in the specific recognition by RA-2 of lung endothelial cells.
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PMID:Antibody against p58 surface antigen of RA-2 rat rhabdomyosarcoma cells inhibits their metastatic activity. 145 31

Using a synthetic peptide that encompasses the zinc finger domain of the eukaryotic transcription factor Sp1, we produced a number of monoclonal antibodies that specifically reacted with the target antigen. Analysis by competitive inhibition assay of five of the monoclonal antibodies revealed that they all recognized a dominant epitope in the synthetic peptide and reacted strongly to recombinantly synthesized beta-galactosidase-Sp1 fusion polypeptide. To determine cellular distribution of Sp1-like molecules, cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins from human lung fibroblasts (HFL-1) and a human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line (A204) were immunoblotted and reacted with our antibodies. In addition to the well characterized 95 Kd and 105 Kd proteins, considered to be the authentic Sp1 polypeptide, a number of other cellular proteins reacted with these antibodies. Immunofluorescence staining of the cells with mAb to the zinc finger of Sp1 also revealed cell-specific differences in intracellular distribution of Sp1-like molecules. Both cytoplasmic and nuclear staining was readily observed in the rhabdomyosarcoma cells. In contrast, while some HFL-1 cells exhibited staining of only cytoplasm, both cytoplasmic and nuclear immunofluorescence was seen in others.
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PMID:Generation of monoclonal antibodies to the zinc finger domain of the eukaryotic transcription factor Sp1. 201 Nov 20

Tumor cell growth-inhibiting factors (TIFs) have been shown to inhibit the growth of tumor cell lines in culture. TIF-1, the first TIF to be described, is a low-molecular-weight, acid- and heat-stable polypeptide with no antiviral activity. A second class of TIFs (TIF-2) has now been isolated from the conditioned media of a human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line and partially purified by polyacrylamide gel filtration, cation exchange, and reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. Partially purified preparations of TIF-2 inhibit the growth of a variety of human tumor cells in soft agar and monolayer cultures and are mitogenic for normal human and mouse cells. TIF-2 has no antiviral activity. The growth-inhibitory effects of TIF-2 are reversible when the affected cells are no longer exposed to the factor. Although both TIF-1 and TIF-2 are obtained from the same source, they can be distinguished by their molecular weight, heat lability, elution pattern from reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography, and their effect on the growth of mink lung epithelial cells. The growth of a human tumor cell variant, selected for resistance to growth inhibition by TIF-1, is inhibited by TIF-2. TIFs may therefore be a family of related polypeptides which selectively inhibit the growth of tumor cells.
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PMID:Two distinct tumor cell growth-inhibiting factors from a human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line. 258 Jun 26

The type, differentiation and histogenesis of the tumor cells of alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) have been analyzed in a series of ten cases by a light-microscopic, ultrastructural, immunohistochemical and cytologic investigation and quantitative DNA analysis. Four tumors deviated from ordinary ASPS: three were wholly or partly of the so-called pleomorphic variant of ASPS and a fourth tumor showed calcifications of the psammoma body type. The ultrastructural findings and immunohistochemical demonstration of desmin supported the hypothesis of a rhabdomyomatous differentiation and gave no support to epithelial (negative immunoreactions for cytokeratins, epithelial membrane antigen, HMFG-1 and -2, tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA] or neuroectodermal (negative for S-100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilaments) differentiation. The negative immunoreactions for vimentin and myoglobin and the positive reaction for neuron specific enolase (NSE) do not exclude a rhabdomyomatous differentiation since in rhabdomyosarcomas the undifferentiated rhabdomyoblasts generally contain vimentin and the differentiated tumor cells contain myoglobin and rhabdomyosarcoma has previously been reported as being positive for NSE. The production of external lamina material peripherally in the tumor cell nests and around vessels in the vascular septa was demonstrated both ultrastructurally and by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against collagen IV and laminin. The cytologic appearance in smears obtained by fine-needle aspiration from a case of the pleomorphic variant showed some resemblance to that of a carcinoma. The seven tumors with an ordinary cell appearance were found to show a diploid DNA-distribution at a quantitative analysis performed on paraffin sections, while the three tumors wholly or partly of the pleomorphic type showed an additional tetraploid peak.
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PMID:Alveolar soft part sarcoma. An immunohistochemical, cytologic and electron-microscopic study and a quantitative DNA analysis. 312 65

Extracellular matrix proteins synthesized and secreted by adherent human tumor cell lines were analyzed using metabolic labelling with glycine and proline in the presence of ascorbate, polypeptide analysis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, affinity chromatography, collagenase digestion, and immunofluorescence staining. The results showed a characteristic pattern of matrix proteins for each tumor cell type. Tumor cell lines of mesenchymal origin produced mostly interstitial types (I and II) of collagen and fibronectin. Carcinoma cell lines secreted only basement membrane proteins, type IV collagen, laminin and fibronectin, but not interstitial collagen. A melanoma and a rhabdomyosarcoma cell line produced type V of procollagen that has not previously been described in cell culture. Neuroblastoma cells were shown to be phenotypically heterogeneous also with respect to matrix protein production. We propose that the analysis of extracellular matrix proteins may serve as an adjunct in the classification of human tumors.
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PMID:Extracellular matrix proteins characterize human tumor cell lines. 627 24

Transforming growth factors (TGFs) stimulate cells to divide in monolayer cultures and to form colonies that grow progressively in soft agar. TGFs are a family of polypeptide hormones that, in vitro, confer on fibroblasts and epithelial cells properties associated with the transformed phenotype. They have been isolated from the supernatant fluids of several human and animal carcinoma and sarcoma cells. TGFs interact with epidermal growth factor (EGF) membrane receptors. They are not detectable in culture fluids from cells that contain high numbers of free EGF cell membrane receptors. One TGF is sarcoma growth factor (SGF), which is released by murine sarcoma virus-transformed cells. Studies have shown EGF and SGF to be two distinct growth factors despite the fact that SGF exerts its effects by specifically interacting with EGF receptors. Addition of SGF to normal indicator cells results in expression of the transformed phenotype. The effects of SGF are reversible; the cells resume their normal growth pattern when the growth factor is removed. Three different human tumor cell lines in culture, a rhabdomyosarcoma, a bronchogenic carcinoma, and a metastatic melanoma, release TGFs that also confer the transformed phenotype on normal fibroblasts. One would expect that, as research into this area continues, new TGFs and their interaction with different specific cell membrane receptors will be described.
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PMID:Sarcoma growth factor and other transforming peptides produced by human cells: interactions with membrane receptors. 629 3

Measurements of the BB isoenzyme of creatine kinase in serum may be useful in the diagnosis or monitoring of patients who have some types of cancer, and the distribution of creatine kinase isoenzymes in homogenates of certain sarcomas has been evaluated as an aid in the morphologic diagnosis of these neoplasms. The cellular distribution of the B and M polypeptide subunits of creatine kinase in normal and neoplastic tissues were evaluated by an immunoperoxidase technic to determine whether the BB isoenzyme is present in neoplastic epithelial cells and whether immunoperoxidase stains for these polypeptides are useful in microscopic diagnosis. The results indicated that the B polypeptide is distributed very widely in epithelial cells and that normal and neoplastic ductal epithelia from many tissues contain the BB isoenzyme. Normal and neoplastic acinar epithelia contained varying amounts of the B polypeptide, but usually less than ductal epithelia of the same tissues. Large amounts of the B polypeptide were found in tissue sections from malignant fibrous histiocytomas, and of the M polypeptide in sections from an alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma.
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PMID:Localization of the B and M polypeptide subunits of creatine kinase in normal and neoplastic human tissues by an immunoperoxidase technic. 721 54


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