Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0035412 (rhabdomyosarcoma)
 6,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three enolase isozymes (alpha alpha, alpha gamma, and gamma gamma) and S-100 protein in the extract of neuroendocrine tumors (neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma, and pheochromocytoma) and nonneuroendocrine tumors (Wilms' tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, and hepatoblastoma) were determined by means of enzyme immunoassay systems. All of the tumors examined showed a high level of alpha alpha-enolase (1.71 to 19.0 micrograms/mg protein). Levels of nervous system-specific enolases (NSE; alpha gamma and gamma gamma) in the neuroendocrine tumors were also rather high (alpha gamma, 1.64 to 7.45 micrograms/mg protein; gamma gamma, 0.052 to 5.56 micrograms/mg protein). However, the NSE concentration in the extract of nonneuroendocrine tumors was low (alpha gamma, less than 0.88 micrograms/mg protein; gamma gamma, 0 microgram/mg protein). The level of S-100 protein was relatively high in ganglioneuroma (greater than 500 ng/mg protein) and ganglioneuroblastoma (greater than 100 ng/mg protein), but low in neuroblastoma (less differentiated neuroendocrine tumor) and nonneuroendocrine tumors. Serum levels of enolase isozymes were also determined in neuroblastoma patients before and after resection of primary tumor or effective chemotherapy. The elevated level of serum NSE (alpha gamma and gamma gamma) was markedly decreased with little change in the alpha alpha level by the treatment.
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PMID:Determination of three enolase isozymes and S-100 protein in various tumors in children. 631 26

Enolase isozymes (alpha, beta and gamma enolases) in the extracts of pediatric tumors (neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and Wilms' tumor) were determined by means of enzyme immunoassay systems. All tumor tissues examined contained alpha enolase at high levels (2070-19100 ng/mg protein). The beta and gamma enolases were present at high levels particularly in rhabdomyosarcoma (886 +/- 750 ng/mg protein) and (ganglio)neuroblastoma (2060 +/- 890 ng/mg protein), respectively. Immunohistochemical studies confirmed these results. Serum levels of these enolase isozymes were also determined in pediatric tumor patients. Before treatment, a serum sample from a patient with rhabdomyosarcoma contained a high level of beta enolase and serum samples from patients with (ganglio)neuroblastoma contained high levels of gamma enolase. However, the levels of serum beta and gamma enolases were low in patients with Wilms' tumor. The elevated level of beta or gamma enolase in serum from rhabdomyosarcoma or (ganglio)neuroblastoma patients was markedly decreased after adequate treatment (operation, chemotherapy or radiation). The results indicated that the enolase isozymes are useful marker antigens for differential diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of neuroblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma.
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PMID:Enolase isozymes as markers for differential diagnosis of neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and Wilms' tumor. 632 51

Sections from 21 tumours diagnosed as primary or metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma were stained for alpha and beta enolase. The cases were subdivided into embryonal and alveolar subtypes (38% and 62%, respectively). Positive cytoplasmic staining for alpha enolase was seen in all but one case, and cytoplasmic staining for beta enolase was seen in some cells in 18 of the 21 cases (86% of the total, 88% of the alveolar subgroup, and 85% of the embryonal subgroup). No cells stained positively for beta enolase in the control series of neuroblastomas, fibrosarcomas, Wilms' sarcomas, and an osteosarcoma. The results show that beta enolase is a sensitive marker of muscular differentiation in rhabdomyosarcoma.
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PMID:An investigation of beta enolase as a histological marker of rhabdomyosarcoma. 638 45