Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0035412 (rhabdomyosarcoma)
 6,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-two children with solid tumors (lymphangioma, fibrosarcoma, hepatocarcinoma, osteogenic sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, lymphosarcoma, mesenchymoma, hepatoma, Ewing's sarcoma, reticulum cell sarcoma, neuroblastoma, Hodgkin's disease, and brain tumors) were studied for alterations in coagulation by means of platelet counts, platelet aggregation, thrombelastogram, procoagulant and antigenic factor VIII, fibrin split products, and antithrombin III level. Results indicated hypercoagulability as shown by abnormally short thrombelastograms and elevated factor VIII levels and platelet counts in approximately one-half of the group. With the exception of increased fibrin split products in a third of the patients, little laboratory or clinical evidence for disseminated intravascular coagulation was seen. Hypercoagulability, as noted in adult carcinoma patients, can also occur in childhood sarcoma patients.
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PMID:Hypercoagulability in childhood cancer. 120 73

The ultrastructural and immunohistochemical findings are reported in two ovarian myxomas, one of which was also associated with a sclerosing stromal tumor of the same ovary. Both neoplasms showed a myxoid, moderately cellular proliferation of spindle and stellate cells interspersed with areas of fibrosis and hemorrhage as well as delicate vascular spaces. Ultrastructurally, stellate neoplastic cells with irregular nuclei and occasional nucleoli were embedded in a mucinous and loose collagen matrix. Their cytoplasm showed abundant intracytoplasmic thin filaments that rarely condensed into poorly formed dense bodies. These thin filaments correlated with immunoreactivity for muscle-specific actin and vimentin. The neoplastic cells showed no immunoreactivity with antibodies to desmin, S-100 protein, cytokeratin AE1:AE3, factor VIII-related protein, or placental alkaline phosphatase. These ultrastructural and immunohistochemical findings are consistent with myofibroblastic differentiation. These ancillary studies exclude important, clinically more aggressive differential considerations such as myxoid rhabdomyosarcoma, myxoid liposarcoma, myxoid neural tumors, mucinous adenocarcinoma showing pseudomyxomatous change, and myxoid-appearing endodermal sinus (yolk sac) tumor.
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PMID:Ovarian myxoma: ultrastructural and immunohistochemical findings. 150 39

Postirradiation sarcomas are an unusual but well-recognized late effect of cancer therapy. In this article, a fine-needle aspiration (FNA) series of four cases is presented. There were three female patients and one male patient, with an age range of 28-55 yr (mean, 41). Two of the patients were irradiated for uterine cervical carcinoma while the other two received irradiation for malignant lymphoma. The time interval to the development of the postirradiation sarcoma ranged from 10 to greater than 20 yr. There were a postirradiation synovial sarcoma of the buttock region, malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the bone (femur), and rhabdomyosarcoma and angiosarcoma of the retroperitoneum. A spectrum of cytologic findings was encountered, reflecting the specific types of sarcomas. Immunocytochemical studies performed on the aspirated material from the angiosarcoma demonstrated the utility of immunoperoxidase stains for ULEX europaeus agglutinin-1 (UEA-1) and, to a lesser degree, factor VIII-related antigen antibody, confirming the vascular nature of this malignancy. The FNA findings from all four cases demonstrated cytologic features that allowed recognition of this unusual complication of irradiation treatment. This article confirms the utility of FNA cytology in following patients with previous malignancies and differentiating a postirradiation sarcoma from recurrent carcinoma.
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PMID:Fine-needle aspiration cytology of postirradiation sarcomas, including angiosarcoma, with immunocytochemical confirmation. 247 5

We report 2 cases of angiosarcoma of the prostate gland. The patients were 42 and 60 years old, which is in sharp contrast to the presentation of rhabdomyosarcoma, which occurs primarily in children. Immunoperoxidase staining for factor VIII associated antigen was positive in both cases, and was particularly useful in confirming the diagnosis in 1 case that was otherwise poorly differentiated. One patient is alive without evidence of recurrence 2 years after surgical excision, while the other presented with unresectable tumor and died 6 months after presentation. Angiosarcoma represents less than 2 per cent of sarcomas of the prostate but it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of poorly differentiated sarcomas, particularly those occurring in adults.
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PMID:Angiosarcoma of the prostate: report of 2 cases and review of the literature. 351 Dec 94

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) has been described in association with many tumors. We describe a patient with alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in whom DIC developed with the initiation of chemotherapy. The patient achieved complete remission of his tumor for 14 months. An unusual factor VIII antigen was identified on crossed immunoelectrophoresis that was present at initial diagnosis, disappeared with remission, and returned with relapse of the tumor.
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PMID:Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation and a unique factor VIII antigen. 680 36

During the past two decades we have witnessed the identification of an expanding list of immunohistochemical and molecular markers linked to histopathologically defined subtypes of tumors. These markers offer new insights and approaches to the classification of tumors with important prognostic and/or therapeutic implications. We review the potentially diagnostic immunohistochemical and molecular markers of soft tissue tumors (STTs). The immunohistochemical markers reviewed include vimentin, cytokeratin, desmin, HHF35, S100, myoD1, alpha1-antitrypsin, vascular markers (factor VIII, CD31, CD34), MIC2, and others. The potentially diagnostic chromosomal translocations and associated genes identified in STT include Ewing's/PNET t(11;22)(q24;q12)(FLI1;EWS), t(21;22)(q22;q12)(ERG; EWS); t(7;22)(p22;q12)(ETV1;EWS); desmoplastic small round cell tumor t(11;22)(p13;q12)(WT1;EWS); extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma t(9;22)(q22;q12) (TEC(CHN);EWS); malignant ectomesenchymoma t(11;22)(q24;q12)(FLI1;EWS); alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma t(2;13)(q35;q14)(PAX-3;FKHR); t(1;13) (p36;q14)(PAX-7;FKHR); myxoid and round cell liposarcoma t(12;16)(q13;p11)(CHOP;TLS(FUS)); synovial sarcoma t(X;18)(p11;q11)(SSX1&2;SYT), and others. The nature, utility, and limitations of these markers in diagnostic settings are explored.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical and molecular genetic approaches to soft tissue tumor diagnosis: a primer. 934 17

The aim of this study was to determine the histological spectrum of operated cardiac tumors, excluding myxoma, at a tertiary center in India. Between 1995 and 2010, we encountered 188 cases of operated cardiac tumors that had been subjected to histopathological examination. Morphological characterization was done by light microscopy along with histochemical stains. Immunohistochemistry using a panel of antibodies, i.e., vimentin, desmin, myogenin, smooth muscle actin (SMA), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), cytokeratins, factor VIII-related antigen, S100-protein, synaptophysin, chromogranin, Bcl2, MIB-1, leukocyte common antigen (LCA), CD 3, CD20, CD34, and CD 99 (MIC-2) was performed wherever applicable. Out of the 188 cases, 184 were primary cardiac tumors, including 170 cases of benign cardiac tumors. Among the benign tumors, myxomas were the most frequent ones (168 cases), followed by fibroma (2 cases). Primary malignancy was diagnosed in 14 cases, including undifferentiated sarcomas, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma non-Hodgkin lymphoma, angiosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma. Metastatic (secondary) tumors were seen in four cases, including one each of adenocarcinoma, choriocarcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, and alveolar soft part sarcoma. Hence, out of the total of 188 cases, 20 were non-myxoma cardiac tumors (NMCTs), including 2 benign tumors, 14 malignant tumors, and 4 metastatic tumors. In our series, the majority of cardiac tumors were primary in nature. The malignant primary tumors outnumbered benign ones, excluding myxomas, and the most common malignant histology was undifferentiated sarcoma, as opposed to the literature.
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PMID:Spectrum of cardiac tumors excluding myxoma: Experience of a tertiary center with review of the literature. 2207 57