Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0035412 (rhabdomyosarcoma)
 6,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common malignant soft-tissue tumor in childhood, with an overall 3-year disease-free survival of 73%. DNA content is known to correlate with prognosis and therapy response in many cancers. To determine the role of DNA content in rhabdomyosarcoma, 23 tumor samples were studied retrospectively: 18 primary tumors and 5 post-chemotherapy recurrences or specimens obtained at second-look surgeries. The DNA analysis was performed on disaggregated paraffin-embedded tissue nuclei by flow and image cytometry and correlated with the histology and clinical history. Of the primary tumors 4 were diploid, 4 polyploid, and 10 aneuploid (9 with a single aneuploid G0G1 peak and 1 multiploid) by flow cytometry. The concordance rate between flow and image cytometry was 19 of 23 (83%); one case did not have flow cytometry available. Most embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas were aneuploid (10 of 12; 83%), and they had a high incidence of recurrence in Stages III and IV (4 of 12; 33%). Although aneuploidy in pediatric cancers may predict a therapeutic response and good prognosis, this was not supported by our findings in rhabdomyosarcoma. The tumor DNA content correlated with the clinical stage but not with the patient's clinical course or tumor histopathological type. DNA content did not appear to be as important a prognostic tool as tumor stage.
Cancer Res 1990 Sep 15
PMID:Flow and image cytometric DNA analysis in rhabdomyosarcoma. 239 66

The present study describes 11 cases (10 carcinomas, one rhabdomyosarcoma) in which immuno-alkaline phosphatase labelling with monoclonal antibodies was used to demonstrate metastatic cells in routine smears of aspirated bone marrow. Carcinoma cells were detected using antibodies against epithelial cytokeratins, milk fat globule membrane antigen and carcinoembryonic antigen, and rhabdomyosarcoma cells with monoclonal anti-desmin. In four of the carcinoma cases it had not been possible to identify malignant cells in routinely stained marrow smears, whilst the case of disseminated rhabdomyosarcoma had initially been diagnosed (and treated) as a case of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The anti-cytokeratin antibody was found to be the most valuable of the anti-epithelial reagents used, since it labelled malignant cells in all of the 10 cases of carcinoma and gave the strongest reactions. These results suggest that immunocytochemical labelling should be used in cases of suspected carcinoma whenever conventional examination of marrow smears yields negative results, and furthermore (as illustrated by the case of rhabdomyosarcoma) that the technique is of value for identifying the true nature of poorly differentiated neoplasms in bone marrow.
Br J Haematol 1985 Sep
PMID:Detection of metastatic tumour cells in routine bone marrow smears by immuno-alkaline phosphatase labelling with monoclonal antibodies. 241 78

A covalent conjugate of alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) has been used to follow, at the ultrastructural level, the pathway of AFP uptake and translocation in a rat rhabdomyosarcoma cell line. The cells were incubated for several times at 4 degrees C and/or 37 degrees C, and fixed. AFP-HRP was found to enter the cells via coated pits and receptosomes and to move to tubular elements of the trans-reticular portion of the Golgi. Some observations suggest that AFP can be recycled back to the cell surface. On the other hand, the cells were incubated with a noncovalent conjugate of AFP and 3H-arachidonic acid [3H-(20:4)], and the uptake of the fatty acid molecules studied by ultrastructural autoradiography. The cytoplasmic labeling, very low after an incubation in the presence of [3H-(20:4)]-AFP for 2 hours at 4 degrees C, increased rapidly after transfer of the cells for 5 minutes to 37 degrees C. These observations support the hypothesis that AFP plays a role in the intracellular delivery of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
J Cell Physiol 1986 Sep
PMID:Ultrastructural studies of the intracellular translocation of endocytosed alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) by cytochemistry and of the uptake of 3H-arachidonic acid bound to AFP by autoradiography in rat rhabdomyosarcoma cells. 242 29

Cell lysates of two established human tumor lines, a medulloblastoma (TE671), and a rhabdomyosarcoma (RD), contain mitogenic activity which elutes from heparin-Sepharose under conditions typical of class 1 heparin-binding growth factors, such as acidic brain fibroblast growth factor. The presence of this class of mitogen in both cell lines was confirmed by their chromatographic behavior on reversed-phase C3 columns, and by the ability of heparin to enhance their mitogenic activity. Using a specific synthetic DNA probe, RNA's were isolated from both cell lines by hybridization-selection, translated in vitro, and translated proteins affinity fractionated on heparin-Sepharose. The results demonstrate that TE671 and RD cell lysates contain mRNA's for mitogens related to acidic brain fibroblast growth factor, and also suggest that high molecular weight proteins exist that are closely related to, or are precursor forms of, the class 1 mitogens.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1986 Sep 30
PMID:Lysates of two established human tumor lines contain heparin-binding growth factors related to bovine acidic brain fibroblast growth factor. 242 58

The human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line RD-114 is partially responsive to interferons (IFNs). In these cells, alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) or gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) inhibits the replication of some viruses but not of others. Similarly, some of the IFN-inducible mRNAs are induced poorly, whereas others are induced well. Here we report the isolation of clonal derivatives of this line which display different spectra of responses to IFNs. Among the eight extensively characterized clonal lines, one, C10, did not respond to IFN-alpha or IFN-gamma at all. Retrovirus production by each of the seven other lines was inhibited by both IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma. Replication of vesicular stomatitis virus was inhibited strongly by IFN-alpha in clone B1 but not in others, whereas it was not appreciably affected by IFN-gamma in any clone. Replication of encephalomyocarditis virus was inhibited strongly by IFN-gamma in clones A1, A2, A3, B3, and B8 and by IFN-alpha in clone A2. Neither IFN inhibited the multiplication of these clones greatly, although their doubling times were slightly increased. Five mRNAs were induced by IFNs to varying degrees in the seven clones. mRNA 2A was most strongly induced by IFN-gamma in clone A3. mRNA 1-8 was strongly induced by IFN-alpha in clone A1 and by either IFN in clones A2 and A3. The highest concentrations of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase mRNA, mRNA 561, and mRNA 6-16 were in IFN-alpha-treated clones A1 and A2. These results demonstrated the existence of clonal heterogeneity in IFN responses in a cell line and strengthened the view that IFN treatment of cells generates multiple signals leading to a variety of IFN-induced phenotypes.
J Virol 1987 Sep
PMID:Clonal derivatives of the RD-114 cell line differ in their antiviral and gene-inducing responses to interferons. 244 Oct 75

Three members of a family of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins have been identified by nucleotide sequencing of cDNA clones: the binding subunit of the 150 kDa IGF-binding protein complex in human serum, the 30 kDa IGF binding protein in human amniotic fluid, and a 30 kDa binding protein (BP-3A) isolated from the rat BRL-3A cell line. The present study demonstrates by molecular hybridization and immunoreactivity that the human counterpart of rat BP-3A is a 34 kDa IGF binding protein that is present in human cerebrospinal fluid and is synthesized and secreted by the A673 human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1989 Sep 15
PMID:The 34 kilodalton insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in human cerebrospinal fluid and the A673 rhabdomyosarcoma cell line are human homologues of the rat BRL-3A binding protein. 247 83

Tumors of the soft tissues are classified histogenetically according to their phenotypic resemblance to normal adult tissue. Here we describe molecular approaches that make it possible to distinguish between one class of these tumors, rhabdomyosarcoma, and other small-, round-cell tumors. We show that the ascertainment of specific genotypic changes can be used to distinguish further between the embryonal and alveolar subtypes of rhabdomyosarcoma. We tested our model in two ways: first, in a retrospective analysis of diagnostically problematic cases of undifferentiated, small-cell tumors and, second, in a blind study of pediatric tumors. Rhabdomyosarcoma was correctly identified in all cases using this strategy alone. The underlying simplicity of the strategy used to define rhabdomyosarcoma subtypes with molecular markers suggests a model by which tumors can be unequivocally identified, which may apply equally well to other human solid tumors.
Genes Chromosomes Cancer 1989 Sep
PMID:Molecular differential pathology of rhabdomyosarcoma. 248 44

Controversy exists regarding the most appropriate treatment for the rare adult patient who develops a so-called pediatric cancer. We have reviewed our 20-year experience with these patients and analyzed their outcome. A total of 299 patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (106), Wilms' tumor (97), and neuroblastoma (96) were evaluated and treated at Stanford University Medical Center between January 1967 and December 1987. Only 26 of these patients (8.7%) were diagnosed during "adulthood"; their age range was 18-67 years, median 23 years. Wilms' tumor; Five patients presented with Wilms' tumor at age greater than or equal to 18 years; four had unfavorable histology. All underwent multimodality therapy; however, only two have survived, one currently disease-free and one with disease. Neuroblastoma: Five patients presented with neuroblastoma at age greater than or equal to 18 years. Four underwent attempted surgical resection, post-operative irradiation (RT), and chemotherapy (CT); the other received no adjuvant CT. Only two of the five patients survive, both with disease. Rhabdomyosarcoma: Of the 16 adults (greater than or equal to 21 years) with rhabdomyosarcoma, 14 (87%) had advanced Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study-group disease (eight Group III, six Group IV). All 16 underwent aggressive multimodality therapy. At 10 months-16 years follow-up, only five patients survive, four of whom are apparently cured of their tumor. Neither histologic subtype nor site of presentation were of prognostic value. This series demonstrates that adults with Wilms' tumor, neuroblastoma, or rhabdomyosarcoma have a worse prognosis than do children with the same diagnosis. Possible explanations for this disparity in outcome include different tumor biology, less tolerance for treatment, and different natural history among adults relative to children.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1989 Sep
PMID:Treatment results among adults with childhood tumors: a 20-year experience. 255 Mar 96

The case records of and histopathologic findings in 57 dogs with nonangiogenic and nonlymphomatous splenic sarcomas were reviewed. Splenic neoplasms in these dogs included leiomyosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, undifferentiated sarcoma, liposarcoma, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, myxosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and fibrous histiocytoma. The clinical signs associated with splenic sarcoma included anorexia or decreased appetite, abdominal distention, polydipsia, lethargy, vomiting, weight loss, and weakness. An abdominal mass was detected in 86% of the dogs by use of abdominal palpation (63%), and/or abdominal radiography (74%). The diagnosis was based on histopathologic findings in the spleen. Abdominal exploratory surgery was performed on 43 of the 57 dogs. Twenty-seven dogs were treated by splenectomy, and 16 were euthanatized at the time of surgery because of widespread metastatic lesions. Of the 14 dogs on which surgery was not performed, 11 were euthanatized on the basis of results of preoperative diagnostic tests, and the remaining 3 dogs had splenic neoplasms that were incidental findings at necropsy. Of the 27 surgically treated dogs, 5 died in the immediate postoperative period, 12 died or were euthanatized within 1 year after splenectomy, and only 5 dogs survived greater than or equal to 1 year. Three dogs were lost to follow-up evaluation, and 2 were still alive 6 and 7 months after surgery. The median survival time of the 22 dogs for which survival was known was 2.5 months. The median survival time for 11 dogs with no obvious metastasis at the time of splenectomy was 9 months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
J Am Vet Med Assoc 1989 Sep 15
PMID:Nonangiogenic and nonlymphomatous sarcomas of the canine spleen: 57 cases (1975-1987). 255 65

Multimodal cancer therapy for pediatric head and neck tumors may be associated with significant developmental orofacial morbidity. This report details these effects in a child (C.I.) diagnosed at 2.5 years of age with a rhabdomyosarcoma, primary to the left buccinator. This case is of interest as C.I. has an unaffected identical twin (D.I.) for comparative study. Both were assessed by comparing panoramic radiographs and lateral and frontal tracings of cephalometric radiographs obtained at 8.25 years of age. C.I. had multiple dental anomalies which included agenesis, ectopia, crown malformation, and root malformation. Root malformation, ectopia, and agenesis were restricted to the left dentition, whereas crown malformation was noted bilaterally. C.I. had a generalized craniofacial skeletal hypoplasia relative to D.I. in all three planes, growth defects were greater on the side of the tumor, and the mandible was affected more than the nasomaxillary complex.
Pediatr Dent 1989 Sep
PMID:Developmental orofacial deficits associated with multimodal cancer therapy: case report. 263 10


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