Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0035412 (rhabdomyosarcoma)
 6,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During the past two decades we have witnessed the identification of an expanding list of immunohistochemical and molecular markers linked to histopathologically defined subtypes of tumors. These markers offer new insights and approaches to the classification of tumors with important prognostic and/or therapeutic implications. We review the potentially diagnostic immunohistochemical and molecular markers of soft tissue tumors (STTs). The immunohistochemical markers reviewed include vimentin, cytokeratin, desmin, HHF35, S100, myoD1, alpha1-antitrypsin, vascular markers (factor VIII, CD31, CD34), MIC2, and others. The potentially diagnostic chromosomal translocations and associated genes identified in STT include Ewing's/PNET t(11;22)(q24;q12)(FLI1;EWS), t(21;22)(q22;q12)(ERG; EWS); t(7;22)(p22;q12)(ETV1;EWS); desmoplastic small round cell tumor t(11;22)(p13;q12)(WT1;EWS); extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma t(9;22)(q22;q12) (TEC(CHN);EWS); malignant ectomesenchymoma t(11;22)(q24;q12)(FLI1;EWS); alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma t(2;13)(q35;q14)(PAX-3;FKHR); t(1;13) (p36;q14)(PAX-7;FKHR); myxoid and round cell liposarcoma t(12;16)(q13;p11)(CHOP;TLS(FUS)); synovial sarcoma t(X;18)(p11;q11)(SSX1&2;SYT), and others. The nature, utility, and limitations of these markers in diagnostic settings are explored.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical and molecular genetic approaches to soft tissue tumor diagnosis: a primer. 934 17

Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation have relevance to bioenergetics and obesity. The mechanisms of action of chemical uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation on biological systems were evaluated using differential gene expression. The transcriptional response in human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line (RD), was elucidated following treatment with carbonyl cyanide p-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP), a classical uncoupling agent. Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential were used as the biological dosimeter. There was an increase in membrane depolarization with increasing concentrations of FCCP. The concentration at 75% uncoupling (20 microM) was chosen to study gene expression changes, using cDNA-based large-scale differential gene expression (LSDGE) platforms. At the above concentration, subtle light microscopic and clear gene expression changes were observed at 1, 2, and 10 h. Statistically significant transcriptional changes were largely associated with protein synthesis, cell cycle regulation, cytoskeletal proteins, energy metabolism, apoptosis, and inflammatory mediators. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and propidium iodide (PI) assays revealed cell cycle arrest to occur in the G1 and S phases. There was a significant initial decrease in the intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations. The following seven genes were selected as potential molecular markers for chemical uncouplers: seryl-tRNA synthetase (Ser-tRS), glutamine-hydrolyzing asparagine synthetase (Glut-HAS), mitochondrial bifunctional methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (Mit BMD), mitochondrial heat shock 10-kDa protein (Mit HSP 10), proliferating cyclic nuclear antigen (PCNA), cytoplasmic beta-actin (Act B), and growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 153 (GADD153). Transcriptional changes of all seven genes were later confirmed with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). These results suggest that gene expression changes may provide a sensitive indicator of uncoupling in response to chemical exposure.
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PMID:Effects of minimally toxic levels of carbonyl cyanide P-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP), elucidated through differential gene expression with biochemical and morphological correlations. 1270 Apr

Coxsackievirus A1 (CVA1) belongs to human enterovirus species C within the family Picornaviridae, order Picornavirales. Two Chinese CVA1 isolates, HT-THLH02F/XJ/CHN/2011 and KS-ZPH01F/XJ/CHN/2011, were isolated from stool specimens of two healthy children in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region of China. They were found to elicit cytopathic effects in a human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line, and complete genome sequences of these two CVA1 isolates revealed that natural intertypic recombination events occurred between CVA1 and CVA22.
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PMID:Complete genome sequence of two coxsackievirus A1 strains that were cytotoxic to human rhabdomyosarcoma cells. 2292 92