Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0035412 (rhabdomyosarcoma)
 6,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A new retravirus (SMRV) isolated from a squirrel monkey, Saimiri sciureus, has an Mg2+-dependen reverse transcriptase and a buoyant density of 1.17 g/cm3 in sucrose and 1.21 g/cm3 in cesium chloride, similar to the mouse mammary tumor virus and the Mason-Pfizer monkey virus. The polypeptide patter of SMRV as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was distinct from the reported polypeptide patterns of known retraviruses. Four major polypeptides of molecular weights 40,000, 20,000, 14,000 and 8,000 were resolved in virus propagated in human, mink, and canine cells. In A204 human rhabdomyosarcoma cells, a protein of 73,000 daltons (gp73) represented the major viral glycoprotein as determined by [3H]glucosamine labeling. Additional proteins were also observed, but their presence depended on the cell type in which the virus was propagated. In both species-and interspecies-specific assays, no antigenic relatedness was observed between SMRV and Mason-Pfizer monkey virus, mouse mammary tumor virus, baboon endogenous virus (BaLV), woolly monkey virus (SSV-1), murine leukemia virus, endogenous feline type C virus (RD-114), bovine leukemia virus, and equine infectious anemia virus. These findings indicate that SMRV represents a new retravirus and the first isolate from a New World monkey.
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PMID:Characterization of a retravirus isolated from squirrel monkeys. 6 28

The use of 60Co-gamma-radiation-sterilised calf sera in cell culturing is reported in this paper. Evidence was produced to the effect that 60Co-gamma-irradiation, using a dosage of 3 kGy and a dose rate of 8 kGy/h, of fetal calf serum, neonatal calf serum, and calf serum did not substantially alter the growth-stimulating properties of those sera during 42-day tests. With almost all cell lines and sera used, for all practical purposes, they were identical with the properties of control sera. The following cell lines were used in the experimental programme: one human mammary tumor, MaTu, one human embryonic cell line--E VI, one bat lung cell line--Tb1-Lu, and one human rhabdomyosarcoma--A 204. Growth stimulation was twelve percent below the control value only with Tb1-Lu on Eagle-MEM culturing medium with 3-kGy-irradiation of neonatal calf serum. On the other hand, cell growth was stimulated by 28 percent in A 204 on RPMI 1640 culturing medium, again with 3-kGy-irradiation of neonatal calf serum. Loss of activity by up to 30 percent, depending on the serum used, must be expected from irradiation doses of 10 kGy and 20 kGy which are capable of causing drastic reduction or even complete elimination of serum-borne microorganisms (Bender et al., 1989). Sera irradiated that way would be only conditionally applicable, when it comes to highly vulnerable cell strains.
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PMID:[The use of 60Co-gamma ray-sterilized calf serum in cell culture]. 224 84

The present study was undertaken to detect the spontaneous mammary tumor-associated antigen ( MTAA ), and to find the cross-reacting antigen in chemically-induced mammary tumor. The antisera against spontaneous mammary tumor were raised in the WAF1 rats of the same strain and tested for the detection of tumor-associated soluble antigen of mammary tumor induced by N-ethylnitrosourea (ENU) and N-butylnitrosourea ( BNU ). The MTAA was found in the extract of spontaneous mammary tumor by the double immunodiffusion test, while it was not found in the extract of normal and fetal tissues, hyperplastic mammary gland, spontaneous fibroadenoma, and chemically-induced mammary tumor. On the other hand, the MTAA was not detected in the other types of tumors induced by ENU or BNU , i.e. gastric cancer, intestinal tumor, brain tumor, kidney tumor, bladder tumor, hemangioma, rhabdomyosarcoma, or leukemia. The spontaneous MTAA could not be detected in the spontaneous mammary tumor of C3H mice or human breast cancer either. The MTAA was extracted effectively by 3 M KC1. Furthermore, the MTAA was found in the cytoplasm of continuous established mammary tumor cell line ( SpMT -1) by the immunofluorescence test.
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PMID:Tumor-associated antigen of spontaneous mammary tumor in rats. 642 20

Studies are reviewed that report consumption of soy protein diets inhibits the growth of various tumors in rats. The inhibitory effect has been attributed to the phytoestrogens (genistein and diadzein) or protein kinase inhibitor in soy protein products. Recent studies indicate that additional factors in soy protein products may also contribute to the inhibition of tumorigenesis, namely the deficiency of the essential amino acid methionine. Metastatic growth to the lungs of a primary rhabdomyosarcoma tumor was inhibited by feeding a soy protein diet. The effect was reversed by methionine fortification of the diet. Carcinogen-induced mammary tumor development was inhibited during the promotional phase in rats fed soy protein isolate diet and reversed with a methionine-supplemented diet. Additional studies demonstrated that after excision of the primary mammary tumor, growth of additional tumors was inhibited when the diet was changed from casein to soy protein isolate. Histopathologic evaluation of the mammary tumors revealed more benign fibroadenomas and lower-grade adenocarcinomas in the soy protein group. Before carcinogen administration (at 7 weeks of age), ornithine decarboxylase activity and polyamine concentrations in the rat mammary epithelium were significantly lower in the soy protein group. These data suggest an inhibitory effect on mammary epithelial growth in the soy-protein-fed group.
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PMID:Soy and experimental cancer: animal studies. 788 54

The role of vascular permeability in the preferential accumulation of photosensitizers in tumor tissue was investigated. Two murine tumors [experimental mammary tumor carcinoma (EMT-6) and methylcholanthrene-induced rhabdomyosarcoma (M1S)] and a human bladder carcinoma (EJ) were grown s.c. on the flank in athymic nude mice and analyzed for in vivo vessel permeability, vascular permeability factor (VPF) secretion, and accumulation of the photosensitizer, chloroaluminum sulfonated phthalocyanine. In vivo tumor vessel permeability and vascular volume were quantitated by measuring Evans blue extravasation and accumulation of a high molecular weight fluoresceinated dextran, respectively. VPF was isolated from serum-free tumor cell conditioned medium using heparin-Sepharose affinity chromatography. Dot and Western blots stained with anti-VPF antiserum positively identified VPF in samples from each tumor. Chloroaluminum sulfonated phthalocyanine pharmacokinetics in tumor-bearing mice were measured using a fiber-based spectrofluorometer. In vivo vessel permeability was found to be greatest in M1S tumors, next in EMT-6 tumors and finally in EJ tumors. Consistent with in vivo data, M1S and EMT-6 tumor cells in culture secrete significantly more VPF than EJ tumor cells. Chloroaluminum sulfonated phthalocyanine accumulation was approximately 2 times greater in M1S and EMT-6 tumors compared to EJ tumors. Our data present evidence that photosensitizer accumulation can be correlated to in vivo tumor vessel permeability and VPF secretion of that tumor. Taken together, the data support the hypothesis that vascular permeability differences among tumors play a significant role in the uptake and retention of photodynamic agents.
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PMID:Tumor-secreted vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor influences photosensitizer uptake. 841 39

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is the first-line investigation in any breast lump and hence cytomorphological recognition of nonmammary metastatic tumors to the breast and their distinction from primary tumors is important. Metastatic breast neoplasms diagnosed over a 6-yr period from 1997 to 2002 were retrieved from the database of the Department of Cytopathology and the clinical, cytopathological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical findings were correlated with the histopathology of the primary tumor. Fifteen cases of metastatic breast neoplasms were encountered constituting 1.47% of all malignant tumors of the breast diagnosed on FNA. There were 14 female patients and one male patient aged 13-80 yr. The preaspiration clinical diagnosis was either a benign breast lump or a malignancy (primary vs. metastatic). The breast lump was the initial presentation in four cases and the cytodiagnosis of a metastatic malignancy lead to the subsequent detection of the primary malignancy. These included one case each of melanoma, myeloma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and small-cell carcinoma of the lung. There were five pediatric cases that included four cases of rhabdomyosarcoma and one case of leukemic deposit. The adult cases included two cases each of melanoma, small-cell carcinoma, and myeloma; one case of choriocarcinoma; and three cases of soft-tissue sarcomas. These included two cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) and one case of leiomyosarcoma. The presence of unusual cytomorphological patterns on breast FNA should alert the cytopathologist to the possibility of a metastatic breast neoplasm, even if not suspected clinically. A detailed history of the patient, clinical correlation, and immunocytochemistry helps in establishing an accurate diagnosis, which avoids unnecessary surgery and ensures appropriate treatment.
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PMID:Fine-needle aspiration cytology of extramammary neoplasms metastatic to the breast. 1575 68