Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0035412 (rhabdomyosarcoma)
 6,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A panel of 60 human tumor cell lines is currently being used in the U.S. National Cancer Institute's in vitro anticancer drug screen. The panel is organized into 7 subpanels; 6 leukemia/lymphoma lines comprise one subpanel, and 54 other lines are organized into subpanels representing solid tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), colon, lung, ovaries, kidneys and melanomas. In the present study, the leukemia and lymphoma cell lines were analyzed by flow cytometry for appropriate CD antigens; all but 1 line showed patterns of expression consistent with their reported derivations. The solid tumor lines were characterized individually using morphological and immunocytochemical techniques to determine their relative degrees of representativity for the subpanels within which they are currently grouped. Histological, histochemical and ultrastructural examinations were performed on cell lines grown under identical conventional culture conditions and as xenografts in nude mice. Immunocytochemistry using panels of antibodies raised against 6 types of intermediate filaments, 7 adenocarcinoma-associated antigens, 7 melanoma/neuro-ectodermal-associated antigens, 3 neuroendocrine-associated antigens, 9 urinary tract associated antigens, and 4 markers of muscle differentiation was done on cells grown in monolayer culture. Central nervous system (CNS) cell lines lacked expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, but all had other features consistent with derivation from glioblastoma. Lines derived from adenocarcinomas of the colon, lung and ovary, for the most part, expressed adenocarcinoma-associated antigens and showed histological and/or ultrastructural evidence of gland formation and other adenomatous features. Most of these lines were poorly differentiated. Lines derived from large-cell and squamous-cell cancers also showed some characteristics consistent with their reported origins, except for one line which showed immunocytochemical and morphologic characteristics consistent with rhabdomyosarcoma. The 2 lines derived from small cell lung cancer (SCLC) lacked neurosecretory granules and 3 other SCLC markers but showed morphologic features consistent with SCLC. Most melanoma cell lines strongly expressed melanoma-associated antigens and were morphologically similar to human melanoma. Five lines produced premelanosomes, melanosomes or melanin. Most of the renal cancer cell lines showed morphologic or immunocytochemical features consistent with renal clear cell carcinoma. Collectively, these morphological and immunocytochemical analyses provide information concerning tissue of origin, tumor type, degree of differentiation and other biologic features essential to the use of these lines in a disease-oriented in vitro antitumor drug screen and to the interpretation of data derived therefrom.
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PMID:Morphological and immunocytochemical characteristics of human tumor cell lines for use in a disease-oriented anticancer drug screen. 150 99

Using the avidin-biotin complex immunoperoxidase technique and antibodies to myoglobin, desmin, CLA, NSE, GFAP, keratin, fibronectin, alpha 1AT, lysozyme, S-100 protein, vimentin, cytokeratin, actin, the authors studied 60 cases of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) histopathologically diagnosed previously. Thirty-six cases showed both myoglobin and desmin positive stain, an objective evidence of the origin from skeletal muscles. The other 24 cases were identified as of non-skeletal muscle origin, including MFH, lymphoma, melanoma, neuroblastoma, malignant neurilemmoma, leiomyosarcoma etc. This study strongly suggests that histologic examination of RMS may lead to incorrect diagnosis. Histologically MFH and other types of spindle cell sarcomas invading normal skeletal muscles may be confused with pleomorphic RMS, lymphoma and neuroblastoma may be confused with embryonic RMS. Our findings indicate that myoglobin is a highly sensitive and specific tumor marker for RMS.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical differential diagnosis of 60 cases of rhabdomyosarcoma]. 166 97

Double and triple immunocytochemical detection methods for routine use in histopathology were investigated. For double immunostaining, the combinations of immunogold-silver staining (IGSS, black) with an immunoperoxidase method (3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole, red-brown) or with an immunoalkaline phosphatase method (Fast Red TR, red) proved very useful. These were followed by a Haematoxylin counterstain. An alternative approach using immunoperoxidase (red-brown) and immunoalkaline phosphatase (Fast Blue, BB, blue) methods was also successful, particularly for frozen sections of unfixed tissue and for the establishment of intermediate filament coexpression in tumours. The coexistence of desmin with vimentin in rhabdomyosarcoma, and of glial fibrillary acidic protein with vimentin in ependymoma, could be demonstrated directly by means of non-crossreacting murine and rabbit antibodies in the above combinations. The black (IGSS), red-brown (immunoperoxidase) and blue (immunoalkaline phosphatase) colours gave excellent contrast in triple immunostaining. The side-by-side demonstration of helper and suppressor T lymphocytes during renal allograft rejection, of kappa and lambda light chains in B-immunoblastic lymphoma, and of T and B lymphocyte populations in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas provided immediate information on the topography and cellular organization of the tissues.
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PMID:Double and triple immunocytochemical labelling at the light microscope level in histopathology. 170 50

Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the cerebellum. Histopathological and immunohistochemical study: a necropsy case. A necropsy case of primary cerebellar rhabdomyosarcoma occurred in a 38-year-old man has been investigated by histological and immunohistochemical techniques. In the most differentiated rhabdomyoblasts microscopic analysis showed obvious cross-striations and immunohistochemical reactivity for myoglobin (PAP method). Many tumor cells were positive for vimentin and muscle-specific intermediate filament protein desmin, but neither for glial fibrillary acidic protein nor neuron-specific enolase. The diagnostic role of the immunohistochemistry in this tumor is pointed out. The clinicopathological features of 30 cases of primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the central nervous system previously reported in the literature are briefly reviewed, and the histogenesis is discussed.
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PMID:[Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the cerebellum. Histopathological and immunohistochemical study of an autopsy case]. 174 82

Immunohistochemical study with the use of PAP method on paraffine sections of two cases of triton tumour one of which developed against the background of Recklinghausen disease. The presence of vimentin and S-100 protein in the neurofibromatous cells and spindle-cell component of malignant triton tumour is shown. The muscle differentiation markers (desmin and myoglobin) are found in the polymorph-cell component. The positive reaction of the cytoplasmic processes of some cells in the neurofibromatous tissue to the antibodies against GFAP (glial fibrillar acid protein) is discussed. It is suggested that the number of S-100 protein-positive and vimentine-positive cells in the peripheral nerve sheath tumours reflects the degree of their differentiation. Hypotheses of the histogenesis of these rare tumours are discussed. The panel of antibodies for the differential diagnosis of malignant triton tumour with rhabdomyosarcoma, malignant schwannoma and other soft tissue tumours is proposed.
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PMID:[Malignant triton tumor (immunomorphological research)]. 217 81

Patterns of intermediate filament expression of 10 malignant fibrous histiocytomas (MFHs) were immunohistochemically evaluated using acetone-fixed frozen sections. Seven cases represented the storiform-pleomorphic subtype, 2 were of myxoid type, and 1 was of giant-cell type. All cases had been studied by electron microscopy, and no proof for the diagnoses of liposarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma could be obtained. All tumors showed prominent vimentin immunoreactivity in the tumor cells. Cytokeratin-positive neoplastic cells were found in 2 cases, and in the majority of tumor cells in 1 of these. The 68k neurofilament-positive cells were found in 2 cases. Desmin was not found beyond doubt in the neoplastic cells in any cases, and all cases were negative for glial fibrillary acidic protein. The expression of several types of intermediate filament indicates divergent differentiation properties in MFH and may suggest the heterogeneity of this entity, but more cases should be studied to elaborate any possible consistent patterns of intermediate filament expression in different types of MFH. The expression of multiple types of intermediate filament proteins in MFH can alternatively signify random activation of the corresponding genes in the primitive tumor cells. The complex patterns of intermediate filament proteins in morphologically defined MFHs should be taken into account in the practical immunohistologic analysis of tumors.
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PMID:Malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Heterogeneous patterns of intermediate filament proteins by immunohistochemistry. 255 88

In view of the personal observation that malignant peripheral neuroectodermal tumours (MPNT) can present different histological growth patterns, 41 cases of MPNT were histologically and immunohistochemically studied. The median age of the 41 patients was 15 years (range: 9 months - 23 years). There were 27 males and 14 females. Most tumours (23/41) were located in the thoracopulmonary region. In 31/41 cases there was bone as well as soft tissue involvement. The following histopathological patterns were found: Ewing's sarcoma-like (n = 7), atypical Ewing's sarcoma-like (n = 4), neuroblastoma-like (n = 8), rhabdomyosarcoma-like (n = 8), and hemangiopericytoma-like (n = 1). In 2 cases combined patterns were noted, one tumour being characterized by neuroblastoma-like and Burkitt's lymphoma-like features. Most cases of MPNT differed from the cytological features of typical Ewing's sarcoma in that they contained hyperchromatic nuclei with distinct nucleoli. Some reticulin fibrils were found in between the cells of some cases. Immunohistochemically, 19/23 cases reacted positively to vimentin, 29/32 to neuron specific enolase (NSE), 16/28 to protein S-100, and 1/9 to glial fibrillary acidic protein. 12/24 cases reacted positively to NSE and protein S-100. Neurofilaments and desmin were not found in the formalin fixed material of the present study. The results show that most cases of MPNT can be distinguished from typical Ewing's sarcoma by cytological and histological findings. Differential diagnosis from atypical Ewing's sarcoma, neuroblastoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma is possible by immunohistochemistry.
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PMID:[Malignant peripheral neuroectodermal tumors. Histological and immunohistological conditions in 41 cases]. 267 76

Esthesioneuroblastoma (EN), a malignant neuroblastic tumor arising in the superior portion of the nasal cavity, shares histologic similarities with a number of primary malignant tumors that arise in this region, including rhabdomyosarcoma, lymphoepithelioma, and lymphoma. To establish an antigenic profile of EN as an aid in the differential diagnosis of these histologically similar nasal tumors, immunostaining was performed for the following intermediate filaments: keratin, neurofilament, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and desmin; neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S-100 protein, chromogranin, human common leukocyte antigen (HLE), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), myoglobin, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) on 21 primary nasal tumors: eight EN, five lymphoepitheliomas, two small cell carcinomas, three lymphomas, and three rhabdomyosarcomas. Keratin and CEA stained only the carcinomas (6/7+, 4/7+), respectively; desmin and myoglobin only rhabdomyosarcoma (3/3+, 1/3+); and HLE only lymphomas (3/3+). Chromogranin and neurofilament staining occurred exclusively in one case each of EN. S-100 and NSE commonly stained EN (5/8+, 6/8+), but carcinomas (1/7+, 2/7+) and rhabdomyosarcomas (1/3+, 3/3+) were also positive. Despite the apparent nonspecificity of NSE and S-100, an antigenic profile of positive NSE of S-100 staining with negative epithelial, muscle, and lymphoid antigens uniquely identified six of eight EN. Chromogranin and neurofilament positivity was further evidence for EN in two cases. This antigenic profile is a helpful adjunct in the diagnosis of EN and other primary malignant nasal tumors.
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PMID:Esthesioneuroblastoma. Intermediate filaments, neuroendocrine, and tissue-specific antigens. 303 34

158 cases of the Cooperative Ewing's Sarcoma Trials (CESS 81/86), which have been documented at the Pediatric Tumor Registry, Kiel, were studied by conventional light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. There were 77 cases of typical Ewing's sarcoma with 70 cases being located in the skeleton and 7 in soft tissues. Of the 14 cases of atypical Ewing's sarcoma 7 cases each were localized in bone and in soft tissue, respectively. In contrast to typical Ewing's sarcoma, cells of atypical Ewing's sarcoma were larger and displayed more heterochromatin. Both, typical and atypical Ewing's sarcoma reacted positively for vimentin. Other stains were negative, notably the neuron specific enolase (NSE). In 55 cases a diagnosis of malignant peripheral neuroectodermal tumor (MPNT) was made. Histologically most of these tumors resembled atypical Ewing's sarcoma. By immunohistochemistry positive reactions were found for NSE, vimentin, protein S-100, neurofilaments and glial fibrillary acidic protein. In 3 cases a diagnosis of small cell osteosarcoma was made. There were 2 cases of undifferentiated sarcoma of bone, 2 cases of soft tissue sarcoma of undetermined histogenesis and 2 cases of rhabdomyosarcoma. Of the 4 tumors which could be investigated for response to polychemotherapy, 1 each corresponded to grade II and III, respectively, and 2 to grade IV according to the classification of histologic grade of regression established by Salzer-Kuntschik et al. (1983).
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PMID:[Cooperative Ewing's Sarcoma Studies 81/86: pathologico-anatomic and immunohistochemical findings and differential diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma]. 306 61

The type, differentiation and histogenesis of the tumor cells of alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) have been analyzed in a series of ten cases by a light-microscopic, ultrastructural, immunohistochemical and cytologic investigation and quantitative DNA analysis. Four tumors deviated from ordinary ASPS: three were wholly or partly of the so-called pleomorphic variant of ASPS and a fourth tumor showed calcifications of the psammoma body type. The ultrastructural findings and immunohistochemical demonstration of desmin supported the hypothesis of a rhabdomyomatous differentiation and gave no support to epithelial (negative immunoreactions for cytokeratins, epithelial membrane antigen, HMFG-1 and -2, tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA] or neuroectodermal (negative for S-100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilaments) differentiation. The negative immunoreactions for vimentin and myoglobin and the positive reaction for neuron specific enolase (NSE) do not exclude a rhabdomyomatous differentiation since in rhabdomyosarcomas the undifferentiated rhabdomyoblasts generally contain vimentin and the differentiated tumor cells contain myoglobin and rhabdomyosarcoma has previously been reported as being positive for NSE. The production of external lamina material peripherally in the tumor cell nests and around vessels in the vascular septa was demonstrated both ultrastructurally and by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against collagen IV and laminin. The cytologic appearance in smears obtained by fine-needle aspiration from a case of the pleomorphic variant showed some resemblance to that of a carcinoma. The seven tumors with an ordinary cell appearance were found to show a diploid DNA-distribution at a quantitative analysis performed on paraffin sections, while the three tumors wholly or partly of the pleomorphic type showed an additional tetraploid peak.
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PMID:Alveolar soft part sarcoma. An immunohistochemical, cytologic and electron-microscopic study and a quantitative DNA analysis. 312 65


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