Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0035412 (rhabdomyosarcoma)
 6,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

About 27% of malignant tumors in children is located in the head and neck. Besides primary solid tumors, lymph node metastases as well as signs of systemic diseases of the lymphatic tissue are often found in this region. The latter are the most common childhood malignancies. Among primary solid malignant tumors in this region neoplasms of the soft tissues are frequency found. Their prevalence comes next to the tumors of the central nervous system and the orbit. Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) represents 50% of cases in this group. Malignant neoplasms originating from epithelial and bone tissue occur rarely in children. The evolution of triple therapy, combining surgery with irradiation and chemotherapy has produced and improvement in prolonged survival rates in these children.
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PMID:[Malignant tumors of the head and neck in children. Part I--review]. 144 93

Congenital giant nevi are complex cutaneous malformations composed of melanocytic and occasionally neural supportive elements. Malignant neoplasms arising in this setting are not uncommon, and their histologic appearances often differ significantly from the typical pattern of malignant melanoma. We report six patients with neoplasms arising in congenital giant nevi and one patient with a neoplasm arising in an extensive congenital blue nevus, and present a description of the neoplastic patterns encountered. These patterns include 1) poorly differentiated small round cell cancer, 2) malignant cellular blue nevus, 3) spindle-cell malignant tumor with lamellar cell (pseudomeissnerian) differentiation, 4) so-called minimal deviation melanoma, 5) heterologous malignant mesenchymal differentiation including rhabdomyosarcoma and liposarcoma, and 6) undifferentiated spindle cell cancer. We have reviewed the literature in order to address the question of frequency of malignant transformation in congenital giant nevi, the reported experience with the morphology of these cancers, and the histogenesis of these sometimes complex neoplasms as it is illuminated by our current understanding of the embryology of the neural crest.
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PMID:Neoplasms arising in congenital giant nevi: morphologic study of seven cases and a review of the literature. 626 95

Malignant neoplasms of the bladder are typically transitional cell carcinoma with squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma comprising nearly all of the remaining cases. Leiomyosarcoma is a rarely seen neoplasm of the bladder with a generally poor prognosis. It is important to distinguish leiomyosarcomas from rhabdomyosarcoma with the aid of immunohistochemical markers. A therapeutic dilemma exists with regard to the need for urethrectomy. We present the third reported case of leiomyosarcoma of the bladder in a teenage male patient.
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PMID:Leiomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder in a teenage male. 1504 Jun 40

Studies on paediatric head and neck cancer are limited in the medical literature. Most studies have been restricted to specific histological types such as rhabdomyosarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma or Burkitt's lymphoma. This study describes the relative frequency of cancers seen in the head and neck region of children below 16 years of age at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. A total of 281 cases of paediatric head and neck tumours were diagnosed within the study period, out of which 84 cases were malignant. Fifty-four of these cases were males while 30 were females, giving a male to female ratio of 1.8:1. The age range for these cases was 3 days to 15 years with a mean age of 9.03 +/- 4.63 years. The most frequently diagnosed tumours were haematopoietic malignancies, accounting for 47.6% of cases, followed by sarcomas (27.4%) and carcinomas (21.4%). Burkitt's lymphoma constituted 28.6%, followed by rhabdomyosarcoma accounting for 17.9% of cases. Malignant neoplasms of the head and neck region are rare in the paediatric age group. The pattern of these neoplasms also differs from that in the adult population. However, malignant head and neck neoplasms in the paediatric age group also showed the male preponderance characteristic of head and neck malignancies in the adult population.
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PMID:Paediatric head and neck malignancies in Ibadan, Nigeria. 1972 29