Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0035412 (rhabdomyosarcoma)
 6,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The immunohistochemical distribution of alpha and beta subunits of S-100 protein (S-100 alpha, S-100 beta, respectively) in 138 cases of human brain tumors was investigated by the avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase method. Brain tumors can be divided into four groups: group 1 [S-100 alpha (+) and/or S-100 beta (+)]; astrocytoma, glioblastoma, ependymoma, subependymoma, oligodendroglioma, choroid plexus papilloma, gangliocytoma, meningioma, chordoma, malignant melanoma. Group 2 [S-100 alpha (+) and S-100 beta (-)]; pineoblastoma, pituitary adenoma, craniopharyngioma, rhabdomyosarcoma. Group 3 [S-100 alpha (-) and S-100 beta (+)]; acoustic Schwannoma. Group 4 [S-100 alpha (-) and S-100 beta (-)]; medulloblastoma malignant lymphoma, germinoma. The S-100 beta immunoreactivity pattern in brain tumors was similar to those obtained using conventional anti-S-100 protein sera. In the first group of brain tumors both the number of positively stained tumor cells and the staining intensity were generally greater for S-100 beta than for S-100 alpha with a few exceptions including one gemistocytic astrocytoma, one subependymoma, one malignant melanoma, and some cases of glioblastomas. As to the relationship between malignancy and S-100 protein in glioma, S-100 beta immunoreactivity decreased according to degree of malignancy, while that of S-100 alpha varied, suggesting a heterogeneity of tumor cells in glioblastomas. Immunostaining for S-100 alpha and S-100 beta might become a useful diagnostic procedure in brain tumors and may give us more detailed and precise data of S-100 protein in brain tumors.
 ...
PMID:Immunohistochemical study on the distribution of alpha and beta subunits of S-100 protein in brain tumors. 188 40

The purpose of this retrospective study is to investigate the influence of 45 Gy megavoltage external beam radiotherapy on the occurrence of second primary tumours in hereditary- and non-hereditary retinoblastoma patients. Eighty-seven hereditary and 19 non-hereditary patients were irradiated for retinoblastoma. The follow-up of the hereditary patients ranged from 4-23 years (mean 12.4 years), of the non-hereditary patients from 6-23 years (mean 12 years). In the hereditary group 4 patients developed a second primary tumour (2 rhabdomyosarcoma, 1 osteosarcoma, 1 malignant histiocytoma), and 5 patients developed a pineoblastoma. Three second primary tumours were situated inside the radiation field. The latency period ranged from 1.5 to 18 years (mean 4.8 years). None of the non-hereditary patients developed a second primary tumour. The actuarially calculated probability of being free from second primary tumours was 96.9% at 10 years and 89.4% at 20 years (pineoblastoma excluded). The survival was 91.2% at 10 years and 84.2% at 20 years (pineoblastoma excluded). From this study it is suggested that external beam irradiation has a potentiating effect in patients, with the genetic predispopsition for retinoblastoma and who are more susceptible to second primary malignancies.
 ...
PMID:Second primary tumours in hereditary- and nonhereditary retinoblastoma patients treated with megavoltage external beam irradiation. 966 91

Many different types of small cell, embryonal, and poorly differentiated neoplasms originate within the central and peripheral nervous systems. Because appropriate treatment is based on a correct diagnosis, the surgical pathologist must be familiar both with basic characteristics of each of the numerous entities as well as the spectrum of morphologic features that each may display. The nosology and nomenclature of these tumors have a rich and varied history. One basic distinction is between primitive neuroectodermal tumors of the central nervous system (cPNETs) and primitive neuroectodermal tumors of the peripheral nervous system (pPNETs), which are clinicopathologically and genetically distinct. Among the cPNETs are medulloblastoma, pineoblastoma, cerebral neuroblastoma, ependymoblastoma, medulloepithelioma, primary rhabdomyosarcoma, and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor, whereas the pPNETs comprise the more differentiated end of a spectrum of neoplasms that include skeletal and extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma.
 ...
PMID:Primitive neuroectodermal tumors, embryonal tumors, and other small cell and poorly differentiated malignant neoplasms of the central and peripheral nervous systems. 1501 24