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Query: UMLS:C0035412 (rhabdomyosarcoma)
 6,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rhabdomyoblasts demonstrating immunoreactivity for muscle-specific actin, desmin, and myoglobin were identified in smears obtained by aspiration from a large retroperitoneal mass in a 14-mo-old girl. Following a tentative diagnosis of a rhabdomyogenous neoplasm, retroperitoneal exploration and adrenalectomy demonstrated a stromal poor neuroblastoma with extensive rhabdomyogenous differentiation. The presence of a subpopulation of rhabdomyoblasts was not diagnostic of rhabdomyosarcoma when obtained by fine-needle aspiration from a retroperitoneal tumor composed predominantly of primitive small round cells.
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PMID:Rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation in a neuroblastoma: a potential pitfall in the cytologic diagnosis of small round-cell tumors of childhood. 206 76

An immunohistochemical analysis using a series of mono- and polyclonal antibodies against myoglobin, desmin, vimentin, actin, NSE, S-100 protein and keratin was done on alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (3 cases), embryonal (3) and pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the orbit (1). All tumors were stained by monoclonal antibodies to desmin and vimentin, whereas 6 of the 7 cases were stained by myoglobin. The results indicate that desmin and vimentin are highly sensitive immunohistochemical markers for the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma, especially in poorly differentiated ones.
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PMID:Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma. Immunohistochemical studies of seven cases. 211 61

In murine sarcomas induced by 20-methylcholanthrene, histological features of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) as well as rhabdomyosarcoma were found in the same tumour both at light microscopy and at ultrastructural level. The areas showing rhabdomyomatous differentiation expressed vimentin, desmin, muscle-specific alpha-actinin, and sometimes myoglobin, but in the MFH areas only vimentin was expressed. A series of allografts in athymic mice, using tumour areas of both histological types, showed in every case a mixed pattern of tumour growth, whether the transplanted tissue was of MFH or rhabdomyosarcomatous type. This suggests that the MFH areas in the original experimental sarcomas were modulated disguised rhabdomyosarcomas. The significance of MFH-like areas in non-related soft tissue sarcomas is also discussed.
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PMID:Experimental rhabdomyosarcoma with regions like malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH)--a true double phenotypic pattern? 215 83

Immunohistochemical study with the use of PAP method on paraffine sections of two cases of triton tumour one of which developed against the background of Recklinghausen disease. The presence of vimentin and S-100 protein in the neurofibromatous cells and spindle-cell component of malignant triton tumour is shown. The muscle differentiation markers (desmin and myoglobin) are found in the polymorph-cell component. The positive reaction of the cytoplasmic processes of some cells in the neurofibromatous tissue to the antibodies against GFAP (glial fibrillar acid protein) is discussed. It is suggested that the number of S-100 protein-positive and vimentine-positive cells in the peripheral nerve sheath tumours reflects the degree of their differentiation. Hypotheses of the histogenesis of these rare tumours are discussed. The panel of antibodies for the differential diagnosis of malignant triton tumour with rhabdomyosarcoma, malignant schwannoma and other soft tissue tumours is proposed.
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PMID:[Malignant triton tumor (immunomorphological research)]. 217 81

We report an unusual case of primary cutaneous embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma presenting as a solitary skin lesion on the anterior chest of a 20-month-old child. The tumor was characterized by small, round to oval, poorly differentiated cells. Immunohistochemically, the tumor was negative for NSE, S-100 protein, LCA, and keratin but positive for muscle-specific actin, myoglobin, desmin, and vimentin, thus indicating the presence of myogenous differentiation. Ultrastructural analysis demonstrated thick and thin filaments. Special studies showed no evidence of a primary rhabdomyosarcoma in the patient at a more typical location, nor was there any evidence of metastases.
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PMID:Primary cutaneous rhabdomyosarcoma. 220 84

Rhabdomyosarcomas (RMSs) consist of a mixture of primitive mesenchymal cells as well as cells showing various stages of rhabdomyomatous differentiation. The qualitative and quantitative degree of the rhabdomyomatous differentiation of the cells, evaluated by their morphology and expression of defined structural and functional proteins, is accepted as the basis of diagnosis and is considered to be related to the biological behaviour of RMSs. Therefore we investigated solid experimentally induced murine RMSs, adherent (subconfluent, confluent) cell cultures obtained therefrom, and also suspension cultures and studied the expression of muscular differentiation markers (vimentin, desmin, myoglobin) and the formation of extracellular matrix components (fibronectin, laminin). When we compared solid tumours with adherent cell cultures of decreasing cell densities (confluent up to single cells) and with cells grown in suspension, we found a gradual decline of differentiation ("dedifferentiation"). This decline paralleled the decrease of cell-cell and cell-substrate contacts. In suspension cultures, cells were prevented from interacting with each other and the substratum, no rhabdomyomatous differentiation of the cells took place. If restoration of cellular contacts was allowed, either by adherent growth or by reinoculation into nude mice, the process of dedifferentiation was completely reversible. Consequently, it was demonstrated that the increase of cell-cell and cell-substrate contacts was strongly associated with the appearance or increasing expression of the desmin intermediate filament cytoskeleton and with formation of the extracellular matrix components fibronectin and laminin. The microfilament (F-actin) system was modulated from an impressive stress-fiber system in subconfluent to a dense network in confluent monolayers. The extent of cell-substrate contacts, mediated by extracellular matrix components, and the number of cell-cell interactions are responsible for the capability of a malignant mesenchymal cell, which is able to undergo rhabdomyomatous differentiation, to achieve the various stages of maturation.
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PMID:Experimentally induced murine rhabdomyosarcomas--correlation between cellular contacts, matrix formation and cellular differentiation. 227 10

118 cases of rhabdomyosarcoma are reported. Specimens from 30 of these cases were stained with Masson Trichrome and phosphotunstic acid haemotoxylin. 36 cases were studied immunohistochemically by PAP, and ABC methods. Specific antibodies against myoglobin, desmin and vimentim were used. Positive immunostaining for myoglobin and desmin was found in 72.7% and 55.5% of the cases studied respectively. The positivity was dependent on the degree of cell differentiation. Results suggest that immunohistochemistry is a useful tool for the diagnosis of poorly differentiated rhabdomyosarcomas. Cross--striations were found in only 6 of the thirty cases (20%). It is now generally accepted that demonstration of cross--striations is not essential for the diagnosis; nevertheless, the characteristic features of fibrillary material arranged in whorls around the nucleus are of diagnostic significance. Histologically, it is also believed that searching for early differentiated rhabdomyoblasts combined with the histological pattern is of vital importance for an accurate diagnosis.
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PMID:[Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 118 cases of rhabdomyosarcoma]. 227 4

A parent rhabdomyosarcoma cell line designated SCMC-RM2 was established from bone-marrow tumor cells taken from an 11-year-old girl with an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Subsequently a cloned SCMC-RM2-1 cell line was isolated from a parent line. These cell lines grew as adherent monolayers in liquid culture with a doubling time of 50 and 52 hr, respectively. In addition, colonies were established in soft agar, which grew in a dose-dependent fashion with a cloning efficiency of 0.7 and 0.8%, respectively. Chromosomal analysis showed these cell lines had neither double minutes nor homogeneously staining regions. Chromosome number ranged from 61 to 93, translocation; t(9;13)(p22;q14) was identified, and no alteration of chromosome 2 was observed. Surface membrane antigen profile of parent and cloned lines by using a panel of 24 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) excluded the possibility of these being neuroblastoma cell lines. In addition, MAbs to the cytoplasmic protein desmin, myoglobin, muscle actin (alpha and gamma) and alpha-sarcomeric actin reacted with these cell lines, SCMC-RM2 and SCMC-RM2-1 being thus identified as rhabdomyosarcoma. Southern blot analyses revealed 8- and 7-fold amplification of the N-myc gene in SCMC-RM2 and SCMC-RM2-1 as compared with the promyelocytic cell line HL60. Over-expression of the N-myc mRNA was noted over control cell lines.
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PMID:Characterization of an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cell line showing amplification and over-expression of the N-myc oncogene. 232 48

The authors present the histologic features, immunohistochemical findings, and ultrastructure of a carcinosarcoma of the gallbladder containing rhabdomyosarcoma as a mesenchymal element. A pedunculated polypoid tumor protruded into the lumen from the fundus of the gallbladder. The neoplasm contained two divergent components. One was malignant mesenchymal tissue with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation; the other was ordinary adenocarcinoma which was observed predominantly at the base of the polyp. Immunohistochemically, the cytoplasm of the rhabdomyoblasts stained with anti-myoglobin, myosin, and muscle actin antibodies. Ultrastructurally, there were a large number of malignant mesenchymal tissues in which various stages of differentiated rhabdomyoblasts were noted. Ultrastructural study was particularly valuable for the identification of sarcomatous elements.
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PMID:Carcinosarcoma of the gallbladder. A case report with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies. 238 28

Eight primary carcinomas of the lung with a prominent spindle-cell sarcomatoid component were studied by immunocytochemical staining and electron microscopy. The eight tumors were indistinguishable by conventional light microscopy, with the exception of one unusual neoplasm that followed multiple pathways of differentiation with elements of squamous cell carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and an undifferentiated spindle-cell population. Reticulin fiber production by individual spindle cells and a sharp demarcation of the carcinomatous and sarcomatoid domains by light microscopy were not useful differentiating features. Three of the eight tumors exhibited keratin expression in both the carcinomatous and spindle-cell components. Both immunocytochemical and electron microscopic analyses were required to detect epithelial differentiation, as in one case keratin was identified only by immunocytochemical staining and in another only by ultrastructural examination. Epithelial differentiation was undetectable in the sarcomatoid component of five tumors, and in one case immunoreactive myoglobin was identified in spindle cells; skeletal muscle differentiation was confirmed ultrastructurally. We propose that pulmonary carcinomas exhibiting evidence of epithelial differentiation in a sarcomatoid component be termed spindle-cell carcinomas and that those biphasic tumors exhibiting mesenchymal differentiation into specific tissues, such as neoplastic bone, cartilage, or striated muscle, or lacking epithelial differentiation by light microscopy, immunocytochemistry, and electron microscopy be classified as carcinosarcomas. This distinction may ultimately be unnecessary, because these two tumors may represent different points along a morphologic and biologic continuum.
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PMID:Pulmonary carcinomas with a sarcomatoid element: an immunocytochemical and ultrastructural analysis. 244 86


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