Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0035412 (rhabdomyosarcoma)
 6,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumour (pPNET) and extra-osseous Ewing's sarcoma (EES) are thought to be closely related neoplasms, their clinical behaviour differs considerably. To determine the clinical relevance of the Schmidt classification scheme for differentiating pPNET and EES, 20 tumour specimens of poorly differentiated round cell tumours were evaluated. In addition, the diagnostic value of several neural markers and the prognostic value of quantitative morphological variables (DNA ploidy, S-phase fraction, and the mitotic activity) were assessed. Homer-Wright rosettes were present in 9 tumours. Neuron specific enolase (NSE) was expressed in 11 tumours, 8 of which expressed a second neural marker (CD57, S100, or neurofilament). According to the Schmidt classification, 11 pPNET and 5 EES were distinguished. HBA-71 was exclusively expressed in pPNET and EES. The remaining tumours were classified as sarcoma not otherwise specified (n = 2), rhabdomyosarcoma (n = 1), and desmoplastic tumour with divergent differentiation (n = 1). EES611 patients fared significantly better than the pPNET patients (100% versus 42% 5-year survival). Neither DNA ploidy nor S-phase fraction assessed in 12 evaluative histograms (9 pPNET and 3 EES), nor mitotic activity yielded information of additional prognostic value. On the basis of this study and the Schmidt classification scheme, it can be concluded that if the diagnosis of EES and pPNET is based on light microscopy (Homer-Wright rosettes) and/or immunohistochemistry (at least two neural markers, i.e. NSE, S-100, CD57, and neurofilament), the classification provides important clinical information. Furthermore, positivity for HBA-71 is helpful in differentiating pPNET and EES from all other small round cell tumours.
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PMID:Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumour and extra-osseous Ewing's sarcoma; a histological, immunohistochemical and DNA flow cytometric study. 769 18

Newborn hamsters were injected subcutaneously with a suspension of finely minced Rous chicken sarcoma (Schmidt-Ruppin strain). After an interval of about 2 weeks, progressively growing sarcomas developed at the site of injection in almost all animals. Also in adult hamsters inoculated intramuscularly with the same material sarcomas developed at the site of injection within 2 to 4 months. Secondary growths appeared on the peritoneal surface, in the retroperitoneal and mediastinal lymph nodes and in the lungs. The sarcomas usually had a pleomorphic appearance and showed a certain resemblance to rhabdomyosarcoma, but sometimes they had the character of spindle cell sarcomas of varying degree of maturity. Sarcomas were not only obtained in hamsters injected with cellular material from the Rous chicken sarcoma but were also seen in hamsters which were injected at birth or when 2 months' old with supernatant fluid obtained by repeated centrifugation of suspensions of homogenized chicken sarcoma, and presumed to be cell-free. The hamster sarcoma was transplanted to a newborn hamster and could then without difficulties be passed in series in hamsters. All attempts to transfer the sarcoma from hamster to hamster by means of cell-free material from the hamster sarcoma failed. On the other hand, material from the hamster sarcomas inoculated into chickens induced rapidly growing Rous sarcomas at the site of inoculation. This proved possible not only with material from the first but also from later passages of the tumor in hamsters. It is concluded that the strain of Rous virus used has the capacity to induce sarcomas not only in chickens but also in hamsters.
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PMID:Sarcomas in hamsters after injection with Rous chicken tumor material. 1385 24

ABSTRACT The prototype fowl glioma-inducing virus (FGVp) causes fowl glioma and cerebellar hypoplasia in chickens. In this study, we investigated whether a strain of avian leukosis virus (ALV), associated with avian osteopetrosis and mesenchymal neoplasms, is able to induce fowl glioma. We encountered avian osteopetrosis and mesenchymal neoplasms, including myxosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma, in Japanese native chickens used for both egg-laying and meat production. These birds were also affected by non-suppurative encephalitis and glioma in their brains. Four ALV strains (GifN_001, GifN_002, GifN_004, GifN_005) were isolated, and a phylogenic analysis of envSU showed that these isolates were classified into different clusters from FGVp and the variants previously reported. Whereas the envSU shared a high identity (94.7%) with that of Rous sarcoma virus (strain Schmidt-Ruppin B) (RSV-SRB), the identity between envTM of GifN_001 and that of FGVp was high (94.5%), indicating that GifN_strains may emerge by recombination between FGVp and other exogenous ALVs. Specific-pathogen-free chickens inoculated in ovo with GifN_001 revealed fowl glioma and cerebellar hypoplasia. These results suggest that the newly isolated strains have acquired neuropathogenicity to chickens.
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PMID:Neuropathogenicity of newly isolated avian leukosis viruses from chickens with osteopetrosis and mesenchymal neoplasms. 3230 29