Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0035412 (rhabdomyosarcoma)
 6,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Human coronaviruses have been associated with common colds, diarrhea and enterocolitis, and have been implicated in multiple sclerosis. HLA class I molecules may play a critical role as receptor for OC43 because monoclonal antibody (mAb)W6/32 to HLA-A, -B and -C specificities completely blocks infectivity in human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells. The role of HLA class 1 antigen as the virus receptor was examined using HLA-A3.1 stably transfected human plasma cells and untransfected HMY.C1R cells which do not express HLA-A and -B molecules. When the cells (5 x 10(6)) were infected at a multiplicity of one, the HLA.A3 transfected cells produced 10(8) PFU of virus whereas no replication occurred in the HMY.C1R cells mAb W6/32 reduced the virus yield by 99.9%. Cell membranes from HMY.C1R, HMY.A3 cells and chicken erythrocytes were biotinylated as live cells. Immunoprecipitation with polyclonal antiviral antibody to detect binding of biotinylated cell membranes to virus revealed that biotinylated HMY.A3 membranes coprecipitated with virus-antibody complexes when the immunoprecipitates were electrophoresed on SDS-PAGE gel, electroblotted and stained with Avidin-horseradish peroxidase. The results provide direct evidence that OC43 virus can recognize HLA class I as receptor on the cell surface.
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PMID:Human coronavirus OC43 interacts with major histocompatibility complex class I molecules at the cell surface to establish infection. 795 63

The binding of human coronavirus OC43 to human rhabdomyosarcoma cells which are highly susceptible to infection was studied by a solid phase virus binding assay and a receptor blockade assay. It was observed that whole virions and S(spike) bound to a 90 kD glycoprotein of RD cells even after treatment of the substrate with neuraminidase or 0.1 M NaOH. A second receptor of 45 kD also bound virus and was identified as HLA class I antigen. Antibody to both receptors reduced the virus yield in a receptor blockade assay. Sera from four patients with multiple sclerosis contained receptor blocking activity which correlated with antibodies to HLA. No receptor blocking antibodies to the 90 kD RD cell protein were found in human sera.
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PMID:Virus-ligand interactions of OC43 coronavirus with cell membranes. 820 44

The 299E prototype strain of human coronavirus (HCV-229E) has so far been mainly associated with infections of the respiratory tract. In the present study, we show evidence for infection of the central nervous system (CNS) by HCV-229E, both in vitro and in vivo. Various human cell lines of CNS origin were tested for their susceptibility to infection by HCV-229E. Production of viral antigens was monitored by indirect immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies and infectious progeny virions by plaque assay on the L132 human embryonic lung cell line. The SK-N-SH neuroblastoma and H4 neuroglioma cell lines were highly susceptible to infection. The U-87 MG and U-373 MG astrocytoma cell lines were also infectable by HCV-229E. We could also demonstrate infection of the MO3.13 cell line, which was established by fusion of human oligodendrocytes with a thioguanine-resistant mutant of the TE671 (RD) human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line. An apparently more extensive infection of the MO3.13 cells, when compared to the parental cells, supports the notion that human oligodendrocytes are differentially susceptible to infection by this virus. We also tested for HCV-229E gene expression in pathological brain specimens. For that purpose, we developed a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay to amplify a portion of the mRNA encoding the viral nucleocapsid protein. Using stringent laboratory conditions, viral RNA was detectable in brain tissue of 4 of 11 multiple sclerosis patients and none of 6 neurological and 5 normal controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Neurotropism of human coronavirus 229E. 820 51

Human coronaviruses are associated with acute respiratory and enteric disease in man as such their target cells are probably the epithelial cells lining the respiratory and enteric tract. Attachment of virus to specific receptors on the cell surface is a major determinant of virus tropism in pathogenesis (1). Recently, aminopeptidase-N was identified as a cell receptor for the 229e coronavirus (2). Cell receptor(s) for OC43 coronavirus have not been identified. However, it is of pathologic significance that OC43 virus shares DNA sequence homology with the two coronavirus isolates, SK and SD, from the brain of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) (3). Probing MS and control brain with probes specific for human, murine, porcine and bovine coronavirus by in situ hybridization resulted in the detection of coronavirus RNA in 12 of 22 MS brain samples; five of which were positive with the OC43 probe (4). A study of virus-ligand interactions of OC43 with human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells, which are highly susceptible to virus infection, was undertaken to identify possible cell receptors. The binding of virus collected from the supernatant of infected cells to cell proteins immobilized on nitrocellulose paper was used to screen for virus-ligand interactions. The next step was the identification or development of antibodies to each of the ligands, and to test their ability to blockade receptor activity by culturing infected cells in medium containing the ligand antibodies and measuring the effect on virus yield. The preliminary experiments reported here reveal an interesting observation of strong affinity of OC43 virus for the HLA class I antigen.
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PMID:HLA class I antigen serves as a receptor for human coronavirus OC43. 850 72

From March 1991 through 31st December 2007, 2042 patients underwent stem cell transplantation at the Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. These transplantations included 1405 allogeneic stem cell transplantation, 624 autologous stem cell transplantation, and 13 syngeneic stem cell transplantation. Stem cell transplantation was performed for various diseases including acute myelogenous leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic lymphoblastic leukemia, thalassemia major, sickle cell thalassemia, sickle cell disease, multiple myeloma, myelodysplasia, mucopolysaccharidosis, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, severe aplastic anemia, plasma cell leukemia, Niemann-Pick disease, Fanconi anemia, severe combine immunodeficiency, congenital neutropenia, leukocyte adhesion deficiencies, Chediak-Higashi syndrome, osteopetrosis, histiocytosis X, Hurler syndrome, amyloidosis, systemic sclerosis, breast cancer, Ewing's sarcoma, testicular cancer, germ cell tumors, neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, ovarian cancer, Wilms' tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, pancreatoblastoma, and multiple sclerosis. We had 105 cellular therapies for postmyocardial infarction, multiple sclerosis, cirrhosis, head of femur necrosis, and renal cell carcinoma. About 30 patients were retransplanted in this center. About 74.9% of the patients (1530 of 2042) remained alive between one to 168 months after stem cell transplantation. Nearly 25.1% (512 of 2042) of our patients died after stem cell transplantation. The causes of deaths were relapse, infections, hemorrhagic cystitis, graft versus host disease, and others.
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PMID:Stem cell transplantation; Iranian experience. 1911 Oct 33