Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0035412 (rhabdomyosarcoma)
 6,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Results of management of rhabdomyosarcoma of childhood have improved in a dramatic manner during the recent 10 years as a consequence of the treatment by three modality approach which relies on an intensive multi-drug multicycle chemotherapy regimen combined with radiation therapy and or surgery. Both local results and total disease-free survival rates are markedly better with this more comprehensive approach. A staging system for sarcoma of soft tissue has just been developed by the A.J.C. Histopathological grade is the important parameter: stage 1,2, and 3 are tumors of histological grades 1, 2, and 3 respectively (an outline of the system is presented). Treatment results of 100 patients with sarcoma of soft tissue (extremities 89, torso 11) treated by radical dose radiation therapy (less than 6300 rad) and limited surgery at M.D. Anderson Hospital are presented. For both local control and disease free survival, results decreased with advancing stage and anatomic site was not a factor per se. Radiation therapy under tourniquet induced hypoxia was not found to be significantly more effective than conventional radical dose therapy. The necessity of planning treatment such that if subsequent surgery is required, the fields will provide the best distribution of unirradiated or low dose tissue for preparation of flaps, etc.
Cancer 1977 Feb
PMID:Soft part tumors. 40 98

The production of a cytotoxic factor synthesized by human haemic killer cells growing in vitro is described. The factor can be found extra- and intra-cellularly. It is released from the cells by an apocrine form of secretion, illustrated by light and electron micrographs. The culture fluid from 14C-labelled killer cells reveals numerous radioactive bands following SDS-gel electrophoresis. The killing factor is precipitated by 30 to 60% saturation of ammonium sulphate. Cultures of human rhabdomyosarcoma and osteosarcoma cells are more susceptible to the killer cells than normal human dermal or lung fibroblasts. During contact or killer with target cells a higher level of cytotoxic activity can be detected in the culture fluid. The cell-killing activity is completely inactivated by 30 min at 60 degrees C, but it is not absorbed by target cells during 1 h of incubation. The cytotoxic factor is unlikely to be an interferon since it did not prevent the replication of a wide range of viruses and only a low level of interferon could be detected in the culture medium. The introduction of Strep. faecalis into cultures of killer cells caused their transformation into immunoblast-like cells, indicating their lymphoid origin. The cells did not phagocytose the microorganism. When the humoral factor was injected into fibro-sarcoma-bearing mice approximately 50% survived, whereas all control animals died.
Br J Cancer 1977 Oct
PMID:A humoral cytotoxic substance produced by a human killer cell line. 41 8

An implantation model has been used to investigate the cellular progression of chemically induced subcutaneous neoplasia in the mouse. Implantation of 3,4-benzpyrene induced persistent changes in the normal process of connective tissue formation around the implant. Light-microscope and autoradiographic studies have shown a temporal progression from aberrant filter- or muscle-associated cells through proliferative foci to large invasive sarcoma. Electron microscopy revealed that presarcomatous cell foci consisted of one of two different cell types. These were either spindle cells with ultrastructural characteristics similar to foreign-body-induced sarcoma, or cells with the ultrastructural features of rhabdomyosarcoma. The subsequent appearance of two histological groups of sarcoma that were ultrastructurally similar to the cells of the early proliferative foci indicated that both elements may progress to form tumours. However, the constituent cells of both groups of tumours displayed a broad histological and ultrastructural spectrum and the marked similarity between the undifferentiated cells of each suggested that both may have arisen from diverse differentiation of a common pluripotential cell such as the pericyte.
Br J Cancer 1979 Jun
PMID:Cellular progression of neoplasia in the subcutis of mice after implantation of 3,4-benzpyrene. 44 13

Pineal teratomas are relatively uncommon intracranial neoplasms. A rhabdomyosarcoma developed in a pineal teratoma in a 14-year-old boy and was rapidly fatal despite radiation therapy. This is the second reported case of a pineal teratoma giving rise to a rhabdomyosarcoma.
Cancer 1979 Jul
PMID:Rhabdomyosarcoma arising in a pineal teratoma. 45 53

One boy, given radiotherapy and cytostatic drugs for a rhabdomyosarcoma died nine years later of acute leukaemia. A girl, who had received radiotherapy for an inoperable suprasellar tumour and also given cytostatic drugs, fell ill seven years later with a glioblastoma. Among a total of 750 children with malignant neoplasm observed by the authors, a permanent cure rate of about 50% is to be expected among about 300 children treated recently. If this rate applies to the entire Federal Republic of Germany, about 1,000 children are likely to be cured annually. In these circumstances it is likely that 80-160 children treated in any one year will develop a second neoplasm or leukaemia 20 years later, most commonly as a late sequela of the treatment.
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PMID:[Risk of a second malignant neoplasm after successful treatment of a malignant tumour in children (author's transl)]. 45 71

218 patients examined for localized cancer of the extremities (50% benign, 50% malignant) are reported. The incidence is considered by sex and age. Demolition surgery was carried out in 35 patients and 27 locoregional treatment with antiblastics and radioactive isotopes was employed. Conservative surgery was used in 158. Operative mortality was less than 1% (2 cases out of 218) and did not reach 6% if amputations and disarticulations alone are considered. There were no deaths in cases submitted to radiochemotherapy and inguinocrural hymphadenectomy. The series includes a 15-years survival for giant-cell tumour of the femur treated with radioactive microsphores, an 11-years survival for a popliteal melanoma submitted to radiocolloid infiltration, a 9-year survival for femoral osteosarcoma for which hip disarticulation was carried out and a 4-year survival for a recurrent rhabdomyosarcoma of the hip operated by hemipelvectomy.
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PMID:[Methods of treatment of tumors of the soft parts and bones of the limbs and extremities. Analysis of case records]. 46 96

A 7-year-old child developed slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) 3 years following pelvic irradiation for rhabdomyosarcoma. The reasons for this occurrence are discussed. This is the second report of radiation-induced SCFE and it is anticipated that more such cases are likely to occur.
Cancer 1979 Aug
PMID:Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) following pelvic irradiation for rhabdomyosarcoma. 47 64

ICRF-159 is active in several animal tumor model systems and human adult malignancies. In this phase II study, ICRF-159 was given on a weekly schedule, 3000 mg/m2/day, orally in three divided doses at 6-hour intervals to 78 children with a variety of malignant neoplasms. Fifty-three patients were evaluable for tumor response. Toxicity was primarily hematopoietic and gastrointestinal. There were no responses in any of the eight patients with osteogenic sarcoma, four with lymphoma, five with Ewing's sarcoma, ten with neuroblastoma, or six with rhabdomyosarcoma. There was a transient partial response in one of four children with Wilms' tumor. Further trials with this drug using this schedule are not indicated for the common childhood solid tumors.
Cancer Treat Rep 1979 Aug
PMID:ICRF-159 (razoxane) in the treatment of pediatric solid tumors: a Southwest Oncology Group study. 47 12

Seven cases of mucinous ovarian tumors with sarcoma-like nodules in their walls are reported. The age of the patients ranged from 18--81 years. Each of them had a large abdominal mass which proved on exploration to be a Stage Ia cystic ovarian tumor. All the specimens contained one or more discrete nodules in their walls, most of which were soft, dark brown, and hemorrhagic. On microscopical examination the epithelial component of four of the tumors was of borderline malignancy and of three was well-differentiated carcinoma. Three patterns were encountered in the nodules: pleomorphic and epulis-like in four cases, pleomorphic and spindle-celled in one case, and giant cell-histiocytic in two cases. These patterns simulated those of malignant giant cell tumor of soft parts, spindle cell sarcoma, and well-differentiated rhabdomyosarcoma, respectively. Postoperative follow-up ranging from 1 to 11 1/2 years (average 7 1/2 years) revealed no evidence of recurrence. Reports of seven similar tumors were found in the literature. Although follow-up has been less complete in these cases, none of the tumors is known to have spread beyond the ovary. These data suggest that mural nodules of the types described are not sarcomatous but could represent a reactive process that has no effect on the prognosis of the patient.
Cancer 1979 Oct
PMID:Ovarian mucinous tumors with sarcoma-like mural nodules: a report of seven cases. 49 14

Ultrastructural examination of an alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma revealed that the bulk of the tumor was composed of small polygonal cells containing polyribosomes, short strands of rough endoplasmic reticulum, and variable amounts of glycogen; the cells were joined by small desmosome-like structures. Similar cells, as well as a variety of larger forms which appeared to be derived from the small cells, were observed along the septa; the larger forms developed a copious cytoplasm and occasionally produced myofilaments. Some of these cells were separated from the septa by basement membranes. Giant cells were also present in the alveolar spaces; these formed neither basement membranes nor myofilaments. The septa themselves were composed largely of collagen and fibroblasts. It is suggested that the commonly proposed correspondence of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma to the myotube stage of muscle differentiation is incorrect; if anything, the overall pattern of the tumor is epithelial-like, and may correspond to the organization of mesenchymal cells at the stage of somite differentiation. The resemblance of the masses of small tumor cells to the cells of Ewing's sarcoma is discussed.
Cancer 1978 Apr
PMID:Ultrastructural observations on the histogenesis of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. 56 50


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