Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0035078 (renal failure)
 31,970 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gout rarely develops in nephropathy with advanced renal failure unless other risk factors are present. It has recently been demonstrated that gouty patients with renal failure have greater amounts of mobilizable lead. We have used the EDTA lead mobilization test for 12 gouty patients with renal impairment. Only 7 of these had experienced occupational exposure to lead. 12 patients with nephropathy caused by chronic glomerulonephritis, without a history of gout or lead exposure, were selected as controls. The urinary excretion of lead after the mobilization test was significantly higher in gouty patients. Only in gouty patients was lead excretion directly correlated with the serum creatinine level. Thus, renal failure did not induce any increase in mobilizable lead. Since it is not infrequent in Italy to observe patients with a progressively declining renal function due to chronic interstitial nephritis and with a previous history of gout, we think the EDTA test will be useful to look for lead storage in these patients.
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PMID:Chronic lead accumulation as a possible cause of renal failure in gouty patients. 309 21

The effects of heparin-induced aldosterone deficiency on renal sodium and potassium transport and renal function were studied in 65 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and initial hyperaldosteronism. Heparin-induced aldosterone deficiency resulted in increased diuresis, in natriuresis due to decreased sodium reabsorption in the distal nephron, in a fall in serum sodium and an increase in serum potassium concentration. A transient reduction in potassium excretion occurred during the 2-4 days of heparin treatment. In patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and a compromised renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, heparin may cause drug-induced selective hypoaldosteronism. The suppressive effect of heparin on aldosterone production was partially compensated for by increasing plasma renin activity. Heparin-induced aldosterone deficiency did not change glomerular filtration rate in patients without renal failure. In those with chronic sclerosing glomerulonephritis and a glomerular filtration rate less than 35 ml/min, heparin caused a further decrease in renal function.
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PMID:Effects of heparin-induced aldosterone deficiency on renal function in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. 311 60

We present two patients with proved chronic glomerulonephritis who had severe refractory hypertension and chronic renal failure. In both patients normal-sized kidneys were demonstrated in addition to vascular bruits and Grade III hypertensive retinopathy. These findings raised the suspicion of an etiological condition other than chronic glomerulonephritis underlying the hypertension and renal failure. Renal angiography revealed bilateral severe renal artery stenosis. In both cases renal revascularization was followed by a drop in blood pressure to normal or near normal levels. In selected cases with severe hypertension and chronic renal failure, renal artery stenosis should be considered, despite the coexistence of chronic glomerulonephritis.
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PMID:Symptomatic renal artery stenosis superimposed on chronic glomerulonephritis. 315 24

Twenty-one patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (GN) (5 with renal failure) received three doses of live trivalent poliovirus vaccine administered orally. The effect of the polio vaccination on the renal function and the titers of antibodies to poliovirus were studied. No significant consequence was observed in renal disease. Before vaccination, titers of poliovirus type 1 and 3 antibodies were significantly decreased as compared to healthy adult subjects. After vaccination, the patients exhibited a significant rise in poliovirus antibody titers for the three serotypes, although some of them failed to develop a fourfold or greater antibody rise to at least one of the three serotypes, especially in the group of patients with renal failure. These results indicate that live poliovirus vaccination is not deleterious in patients with GN and can provide a good protection.
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PMID:Live poliovirus vaccine in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis: effects on renal function and specific antibody response. 369 Sep

The effect of pentoxifyllin on the course of the disease and renal function in 53 patients with different clinical variants of chronic glomerulonephritis has been analyzed. A positive effect of pentoxifyllin monotherapy in latent and hypertonic variants of chronic glomerulonephritis was shown. In the nephrotic variant the authors recommended the combined use of pentoxifyllin with heparin and prednisolone, and in the mixed variant complicated by renal failure--pentoxifyllin with heparin.
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PMID:[Pentoxifylline (Trental) in the treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis]. 376 65

High-dose intravenous urography (IVU) was performed 62 times in 59 patients with acute (ARF) and chronic (CRF) renal failure. The major diagnostic categories were chronic glomerulonephritis, malignant hypertension, acute tubular necrosis (ATN), and acute glomerulonephritis. The cause of the renal failure, whether CRF or ARF, oliguric or nonoliguric, could not be reliably determined by either the evolving pattern or density of nephrogram, or the size of the kidneys. Although a persistent dense nephrogram favored the diagnosis of ATN, the major correlate was a decreasing density of nephrogram as the serum creatinine level increased (P less than 0.005).
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PMID:Diagnostic role of intravenous urography in acute and chronic renal failure. 378 76

Age distribution at dialysis induction among patients with chronic renal failure was studied in 579 cases. Age distribution differed depending on the primary renal diseases and sex. In chronic glomerulonephritis, males were most numerous in the 30-39 year-old group, followed by the 40-49 and 20-29 year-old groups. They decreased with age. Females showed the same frequencies among the 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69 and 70-79 year-old groups. However, the 50-59 year-old group had the most cases. Among cases of diabetic nephropathy, males were most numerous in the 50-59 year-old group and females in the 60-69 year-old group. Progression of the disease to renal failure seemed to be more rapid in males than in females. Natural history and possible risk factors in patients with chronic renal failure maintained on hemodialysis were discussed.
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PMID:Age and sex distribution in chronic renal failure patients at dialysis induction. 383 49

A study was made of the effects of ultra-high doses of prednisolone on arterial blood pressure, electrolyte metabolism and renin-aldosterone system in 18 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and lupus nephritis, with normal renal function and renal failure. Administration of 1,000 mg prednisolone produced a noticeable but a short-term elevation of the arterial blood pressure. After administration of 1,000 mg prednisolone the patients without renal failure noted marked increase of diuresis and natriuresis accompanied by activation of the renin-aldosterone system. In patients with renal failure, diuresis also increased, however sodium excretion with urine dramatically reduced which was accompanied by inhibition of plasma renin activity. Marked retention of sodium during institution of pulse-therapy in patients with renal failure may cause some grave complications including brain edema.
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PMID:[Pulse therapy of patients with nephritis: effect on arterial pressure, electrolyte metabolism and the renin-aldosterone system]. 390 91

The rate of progression of early renal failure was evaluated in three groups of adult patients with renal disease of diverse etiology on dietary protein and phosphorus restriction (about 0.6 g/kg of protein, 700 mg of phosphorus) and in a control group of 22 patients with the same renal disease, retrospectively studied, on a free diet. Group 1 had 33 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CG), initial serum creatinine (Scr) of 1.4 to 4.3 mg/dl (mean, 2.20), followed for 5 to 94 months (mean, 44). Group 2 had 17 patients with polycystic kidney disease (PKD), Scr 1.3 to 4.7 mg/dl (mean, 2.40), followed for 8 to 81 months (mean, 42). Group 3 had 28 patients with primary chronic pyelonephritis (CP), Scr of 1.5 to 4.5 mg/dl (mean, 2.57), followed for 9 to 92 months (mean, 41). The control group had 22 patients (11 with CG, five with PKD, and six with CP), with Scr 1.7 to 4.1 mg/dl, followed for 6 to 72 months (mean, 24). In the regression analysis between reciprocal creatinine and time, the slopes were -0.0017, -0.0025, and -0.00016 dl/mg/month in the three patient groups on a protein-restricted diet, respectively. The difference between both groups 1 and 2 and group 3 was statistically significant (P less than 0.05). The slopes in patients on a free diet were significantly greater than those found in patients on a protein-restricted diet. The actuarial survival probability at 72 months, assuming as "renal death" a Scr of 10 mg/dl, was 45% in patients with CG, 44% in those with PKD, and 67% in those with CP on a protein-restricted diet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Progression of renal failure in patients with renal disease of diverse etiology on protein-restricted diet. 399 43

The hypotensive and diuretic properties of heparin were evaluated in 95 patients with different clinical and morphological varieties of chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). The arterial blood pressure dropped in all the patients treated with heparin. The maximal effect was attained toward the end of heparin treatment (by the 35th-50th day). In patients with hypertonic and mixed nephritis associated with renal failure, (the glomerular filtration rate under 35 ml/min), the BP lowering induced by heparin was accompanied by the deterioration of renal function. The diuretic and natriuretic effects were recorded in 81 out of the 95 patients. The maximal values of diuresis and sodium excretion were detected on the 14th-16th day of the treatment during the use of the maximal doses of heparin. It was established that heparin-induced inhibition of aldosterone synthesis plays the key role in the genesis of the diuretic, natriuretic and hypotensive action of the drug. It is concluded that diuretic and hypotensive properties of heparin can be made use of in the treatment of nephrological patients.
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PMID:[Hypotensive and diuretic effect of heparin in patients with glomerulonephritis]. 407 20


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