Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0035078 (renal failure)
 31,970 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Micropuncture studies in rats and dogs have provided evidence for a cause-and-effect relationship between peritubular protein concentration and proximal tubular reabsorption (PTR). If this effect is obtained in man, hypoalbuminemia in nephrotic syndrome should lead to a fall in PTR. Sodium excretion, however, is very low in nephrotic patients; but this sodium retention may be due to distal over-reabsorption. Glucose may be used as a marker of PTR. Because of the linkage between glucose and sodium, glucose reabsorption is expected to be suppressed when PTR of sodium is suppressed. Glucose titration studies were performed in 21 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis without renal failure divided in three groups: I (six patients) with serum albumin greater than 3 g/100 ml; II (five patients) with serum albumin of 2 to 3 g/100 ml; and III (10 patients with edema and nephrotic syndrome) with serum albumin less than 2 g/100 ml. The minimum threshold for glucose decreased in nephrotic patients (group III), and its fall was related directly to hypoalbuminemia. The splay of titration curve was markedly increased in group III when compared to the titration curves of patients without nephrotic syndrome (groups I and II). The splay point was 0.78 in group I, 0.52 in group II, and 0.37 in group III. These data provide evidence that glucose reabsorption is decreased in nephrotic syndrome and are consistent with a fall in PTR in nephrotic syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Relationship between serum albumin concentration and tubular reabsorption of glucose in renal disease. 54 98

A 32-year-old male had chronic glomerulonephritis and terminal renal failure. He was treated with intermittent haemodialysis, and transplantation of a cadaveric kidney. Urine extravasation occurred due to ureteric necrosis. He was treated with temporary diversionary ureterostomy, and 9 weeks later a direct anastomosis between the pelvis of the transplanted kidney and the recipient bladder was performed. Thirty-three months after this operation the transplanted kidney is functioning well.
 ...
PMID:Pyelocystostomy used as a treatment of ureteric necrosis after kidney transplantation. 76 61

Four or more generations of three Oklahoma-Kansas families in which multiple members have been found to have glomerulonephritis or interstitial nephritis have been studied. Twenty-five of 146 members in kindred A, 16 of 50 members in kindred B, and 33 of 156 members in kindred C were identified as probably to definitely afflicted. Renal tissue from members of the first two families showed an acute or chronic glomerulonephritis. Renal failure often appeared by the third decade. The lesions were less frequent but more rapidly lethal in the male members. Renal tissue from members of the third kindred showed an interstitial nephritis. This appeared later in life and followed a more chronic course. Hearing loss was common in both groups. The hereditary studies are consistent with the hypothesis that the disease is transmitted by an autosomal dominant gene with imcomplete penetrance (not all members carrying the gene develop renal disease) and variable expressivity. Male-to-male transmission was present in all three families but less frequently than would be predicted, suggesting a reduced clinical expression of the disease in males who receive the mutant gene from their father.
 ...
PMID:Hereditary (familial) renal disease: clinical and genetic studies. 89 23

Patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and mild hypertension show a consistent behaviour in their renin-aldosterone-system. There is a close correlation between the elevation of mean blood pressure and destruction of glomeruli. No correlation has been found between renin values and the degree of hypertension. Thus the cuase of mild hypertension occurring in the early stages of chronic GN remains to be elucidated. Normal PRA values in spite of hypertension and expansion of ECFV accompaning progression of chronic glomerulonephritis could be a sign of "relative hyperreninemia". Apparently various mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of renal hypertension. These include sodium retention, increased cardiac output. anemia, renin, aldosterone, prostaglandins, expanded plasma volume and peripheral vasoconstriction. These factors are more or less active in the different stages of hypertension and renal failure.
 ...
PMID:Plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone (PA) in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (GN) and hypertension. 94 54

We report about a patient with corpuscular hemolytic anemia and chronic glomerulonephritis in the state of terminal renal failure. The hematocrit decreased to 11% gradually with the progression of uremia. The hematological studies revealed the typical signs of hemolytic anemia. We found a splenic destruction of 51-Cr labelled red cells combined with an extremely short red cell life of 7 days. After splenectomy hematocrit improved to 32%. A complete normalisation could not be expected because of the chronic renal failure leading to anemia itself.
 ...
PMID:[Familial hemolytic anemia and terminal renal failure (author's transl)]. 125 Jan 89

ACE inhibitors which till recently were used only in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases are becoming a perspective group of drugs also in the treatment of chronic nephropathies. It was revealed that they are effective in particular in the treatment of proteinuria of different etiology and have also a marked renoprotective effect and are therefore recommended to slow down the progression of renal failure. They reduce intraglomerular hypertension, increase glomerular filtration and the renal blood flow, and it is assumed that they can retard the progression of chronic glomerulonephritis and diabetic nephropathy. It may be excepted that their therapeutic application will in the near future be extended also to clinical nephrology.
 ...
PMID:[ACE inhibitors--a prospective new group of drugs for the treatment of kidney diseases]. 129 14

Chronic glomerulonephritis is still the most frequent cause of irreversible renal failure. The aetiology of the majority of glomerulonephritis is unknown but it seems that they are genetically determined. In their genesis immunological factors participate but in their development and progression non-immunological factors are also involved. The author presents a review of contemporary therapeutic possibilities.
 ...
PMID:[Progression of chronic glomerulonephritis. Myths and facts]. 142 51

As many as 30 healthy persons and 65 patients suffering from chronic glomerulonephritis with terminal renal failure (TRF) placed on program dialysis were examined for lipid composition of the membranes and functional properties of red blood cells. By the gravity of anemia the patients were distributed into 2 groups. It has been established that in the red blood cell membranes, there was an increase of the content of cholesterol and sphingomyelin, and a decline of the content of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine. In addition to the changes in the lipid content of red blood cells, the peripheral red blood cell pool showed an increase of the amount of pathologically shaped cells, a reduction of the cell capacity to deformation, a rise of the content of fibrinogen in the supramembranous layer. Destruction of the phospholipid matrix of the red blood cell membrane was attended by noticeable restructure of the work of the multienzymic complex of glycolysis, resulting in energy metabolism destabilization. Analysis of the data obtained has demonstrated that as the structural and functional properties of the membranes underwent alterations and the mechanisms of stabilization of red blood cell energy homeostasis got disintegrated, anemia in patients with TRF became graver.
 ...
PMID:[The role of disorders in the structural-functional properties of the erythrocyte membranes and energy metabolism in the progression of anemia in patients with terminal kidney failure]. 144 Mar 42

A comparative study was made on two groups of children comprising 20 patients with renal hypoplasia/dysplasia in one group and 12 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (GN) in the other, presenting with chronic renal failure (CRF) in the Department of Paediatrics, Singapore General Hospital and National University Hospital between 1975 and 1989. The age of onset of CRF, the progression of renal failure and the presence of various clinical complications were analysed and compared. The mean age of onset of CRF was earlier in patients with renal hypoplasia/dysplasia (p less than 0.001) but the progression of renal failure in these patients were slower (p less than 0.005). Hypertension occurred more frequently in the chronic GN group (p less than 0.001) while urinary tract infection (UTI) occurred more frequently in the renal hypoplasia/dysplasia group (p less than 0.004). With the early onset of renal failure and slow deterioration of renal function in patients with renal hypoplasia/dysplasia, the provision of good conservative treatment for renal failure is most important in the management of these patients. In the chronic GN patients however, with the rapidity of deterioration of renal function, early preparation for replacement therapy becomes more imminent. However, renal replacement therapy in end-stage renal failure (ESRF) is costly and not readily available, it is more prudent to delay the onset of ESRF by providing effective conservative treatment of renal failure which includes the early recognition and treatment of hypertension in chronic GN and UTI in renal hypoplasia/dysplasia.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of progression of renal failure in children with hypoplastic-dysplastic kidneys and chronic glomerulonephritis. 178 70

To assess the effect of partusisten (fenoterol) on excretory function of the kidneys, the drug was administered per os in a dose of 10 mg/day for 7-10 days in 17 chronic glomerulonephritis patients with initial forms (stages I-IIA) of renal failure. A dramatic increase of glomerular filtration, a certain rise of tubular reabsorption, a reduction of blood concentration of nitrous residues were revealed, which was accompanied by electrolyte shifts and hemodynamic changes characteristic of partusisten. It is concluded that partusisten can be used as a drug ameliorating excretory function of the kidneys in chronic glomerulonephritis patients with initial forms of chronic renal failure.
 ...
PMID:[The ability of partusisten to improve kidney excretory function in the initial stage of kidney failure in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis]. 180 90


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>