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Query: UMLS:C0035078 (renal failure)
 31,970 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

38 cases of abdominal surgery in acute renal failure, checked anatomically by reintervention or autopsy, were analyzed. The authors emphasize the frequency of the state of shock (2/3 of the cases) and the misleading nature of local signs. They stress the value of routinely checking creatinine clearance in the preoperative check-up in order to screen for latent renal failure.
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PMID:[Nephrologic criteria for reoperation (in the framework of abdominal surgery)]. 0 37

Heroin addiction is associated with several severe and occasionally fatal renal complications. Acute renal failure consequent to rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria, when treated supportively, carries a good prognosis. Staphylococcal or other bacterial septicemia may in itself prove fatal and is associated with a proliferative immune complex, acute glomerulonephritis, which generally follows the course and prognosis of septicemia. The necrotizing angiitis reported in heroin addicts still is largely undefined. Focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis is the most common pathologic finding in the syndrome of heroin-associated nephropathy (HAN). Typically, HAN presents with massive proteinuria and progresses rapidly to renal failure. Presumptive evidence supports the premise that heroin or its vehicles elicits immunologically mediated renal damage. The antigen still is unidentified. Removing the antigenic challenge by stopping heroin injection apparently interdicts the progression of renal disease. Renal transplantation can be effectively accomplished in patients with HAN without early recurrence if patients discontinue the use of heroin.
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PMID:Renal consequences of narcotic abuse. 2 85

Metabolic alkalosis resulting from nasogastric drainage is a well recognized and potentially serious clinical problem. In the postoperative patient with acute renal failure, the management of the metabolic alkalosis is particularly difficult, and established modalities of therapy are sometimes ineffective and can be hazardous to the patient. In this article, we report on the successful use of cimetidine (an H2-receptor antagonist) as an adjunct in the treatment of severe metabolic alkalosis in a postsurgical renal failure patient. To our knowledge, this is the first reported successful use of cimetidine in the treatment of metabolic alkalosis due to gastric acid loss.
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PMID:Cimetidine in the management of metabolic alkalosis induced by nasogastric drainage. 3 51

Seven patients admitted to hospital during or immediately after status epilepticus or recurrent episodes of grand-mal seizures had very high concentrations of uric acid in their blood at a time when the blood-urea was normal in five of them. The blood-lactic-acid was high in the five patients in whom it was measured. All of the patients developed reversible renal failure, and two required haemodialysis. The blood-uric-acid should be measured in patients who have had prolonged seizures, and the measures which might be taken in hyperuricaemic patients to prevent the development of acute renal failure include rehydration, alkalinisation of urine, and, where alkalinisation is impossible, haemodialysis.
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PMID:Hyperuricaemic acute renal failure after epileptic seizures. 5 Nov 91

60 patients with paracetamol poisoning have been treated with intravenous cysteamine, L-methionine, or D-penicillamine and the incidence and severity of hepatic necrosis compared with those observed in 70 patients receiving supportive therapy only. Of 31 patients with 4-hour plasma-paracetamol concentrations greater than 250 mug/ml given supportive therapy 22 sustained severe liver damage, 3 died in hepatic failure, and 4 developed acute renal failure. None of 23 similarly poisoned patients given cysteamine within 10 hours of ingestion suffered severe liver damage or renal failure and none died. Cysteamine was partially effective at 10-12 hours, but ineffective 12 hours or more after ingestion. Liver damage was absent or mild in 17 patients given L-methionine within 10-12 hours of ingestion but severe in 3 treated within 10 hours. Of 5 patients treated with D-penicillamine, 1 developed severe liver damage with acute renal failure. It is concluded that cysteamine prevents severe liver damage after paracetamol poisoning if given within 10 hours in adequate dosage.
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PMID:Cysteamine, methionine, and penicillamine in the treatment of paracetamol poisoning. 5 81

Within recent years we have significantly broadened the indication for the treatment of acute renal failure in intensive care patients, even in the presence of multiple organ failure. This was made possible by: 1. safe heparinization of the extracorporeal circulation while avoiding bleeding tendencies 2. hemofiltration of patients threatened by pulmonary complications early during renal failure and 3. the simultaneous use of various special intensive care measures. By this approach we have succeeded in a number of cases to break the chain of complications leading to multiple organ failure and death.
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PMID:Artificial organ support strategies in combined renal, circulatory, pulmonary and liver failure. 9 23

Metabolic studies were performed on 19 patients with acute renal failure. Therapy included intravenous hyperalimentation using 15 to 20 g of essential amino acids or 20 to 40 g of essential plus nonessential amino acids and hypertonic glucose (37 to 50%). The effect of this parenteral feeding appears to be primarily pharmacological. Hypertonic glucose promotes the hyperinsulinemia important to be membrane function, the operation of the sodium pump, and cell metabolism. Administration of high biological value crystalline amino acdis potentiates the effect of insulin by inhibiting protein breakdown and promoting protein synthesis, particularly in muscle. This reduces tissue catabolism and urea formation, and promotes potassium, magnesium, and phosphate homeostasis. The branched-chain ketogenic amino acids valine, leucine, and isoleucine may be of particular importance. When indicated, administration of renal failure hyperalimentation and peritoneal or hemodialysis can be expected to complement each other and accelerate recovery. This intravenous fluid therapy, in turn, must be coordinated with proper hemodynamics, usually requiring a colloidal solution to maintain intravascular volume, and cardiotrophic agents such as digitalis and dopamine. Early use of renal failure can be expected to demonstrate the most striking response in terms of survival, early recovery from acute renal failure, and the preservation of physiological homeostasis.
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PMID:Criteria for choosing amino acid therapy in acute renal failure. 10 Oct 72

From 1967 to 1976 after 25851 operations for abdominal and vascular diseases acute renal failure was found in 123 cases. In 1353 patients with gastric surgery we observed acute renal failure in 33 (2,5%), after 1499 operations on the gallbladder and bileduct in 12 (0,8%) and after 725 oprations on the colon and rectum in 40 (5,5%) cases. In almost 80% renal failure was caused by septic shock, which is the reason of the high mortality rate of 88% in our patients. It should be emphasized that only prophylaxis and immediate therapy of septic complications can lower the rate of postoperative renal failure and its letal event.
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PMID:[Acute renal failure following general and vascular surgery (author's transl)]. 11 36

The acute intravenous and oral toxicity of single doses of paraquat dichloride was studied in the cynomolgus monkey. Renal handling and effects upon renal function were also investigated following an oral dose of [14C]paraquat. Clinical signs consisted of vomiting, anorexia and dyspnoea. By 48 h all animals showed signs of acute renal failure with oliguria, high plasma urea and SGPT levels and metabolic acidosis. Animals dosed orally showed similar, though less severe, signs to those dosed intravenously. The oral LD50 was approx. 70 mg paraquat cation/kg. Following an oral dose plasma levels peaked by 2 h, but were constant from 12 h to 24 h. Paraquat clearance was high initially and exceeded the creatinine and urea clearance, but fell off markedly after 14 h as renal failure developed. By 18 h urine production had ceased. It is concluded that acute renal failure and acute pulmonary damage are the main causes of death, with interstitial pulmonary fibrosis being a factor in animals surviving the acute phase.
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PMID:The toxicity and renal handling of paraquat in cynomolgus monkeys. 12 Jun 23

The treatment is presented, applied in a case of severe angiocholitis complicated by acute renal failure, known in the literature under the name of uremigenic angiocholitis. After three emergency hospitalizations, two interventions consisting in surgical drainage, de-shocking procedures, treatment of the hepato-renal failure and applications of wide-range antibiotics for the treatment of infection the angiocholitic phenomena disappeared and the hepato-renal failure is on the way to recovery. At this moment of the evolution the patient developed atrial fibrillation that was improved by Narcotan anesthesia. The efficiency is remarked of the treatment with large amounts of Furosemid in the anuric period, as a means to avoid extra-renal depuration.
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PMID:[Uremigenic cholangitis]. 12 29


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