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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A prospective study involving 1,980 patients aimed at defining the pathological basis of endstage (chronic) renal failure in Nigerians was carried out over a six-year period in Benin City, Nigeria. Using information derived from intravenous pyelography, ultrasonography, renal biopsies and autopsies, it was found that 43% of cases of chronic renal failure were due to hypertensive nephrosclerosis, 33% due to obstructive uropathy and 18% due to chronic glomerulonephritis. Chronic atrophic pyelonephritis was a rare finding. The frequency and severity of essential hypertension in Nigerians and their propensity to go into renal failure are similar to what obtains in American blacks. In a society which cannot afford regular dialysis and transplant facilities, there is need for early detection and adequate treatment of essential hypertension.
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PMID:The pathological basis of endstage renal disease in Nigerians: experience from Benin City. 227 31

As many as 121 children from 70 families with aggravated history of nephropathies were examined. There were 102 patients. Of these, 55 (p = 0.54) were recognized for the first time. Risk factors and situations to develop nephropathies in children were determined. The diagnosis in children and parents is ascertained to be primarily unidirectional, more often in pyelonephritis (p = 0.43). Recommendations are given for early diagnosis of nephropathies and prevention of chronic renal failure.
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PMID:[Results of the examination of children from families with hereditary nephropathies]. 234 38

A survey of chronic renal failure (CRF) in Swedish children was carried out for the period 1978-1985, using age-related cut-off levels for creatinine concentrations corresponding approximately to a glomerular filtration rate of 30 ml/min per 1.73 m2. The mean annual incidence of CRF was 6.9 and of terminal renal failure (TRF) 4.4/million children. The prevalence increased during the study period, for preterminal renal failure from 14.1 (1978) to 26.1 (1985) and for TRF from 12.4 to 16/million children. The main groups of primary renal disease were malformations (42%), hereditary disorders (27%), and glomerular diseases (14%), while pyelonephritis with vesico-ureteral reflux only made up 5%.
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PMID:Children with chronic renal failure in Sweden 1978-1985. 240 Jun 53

A case of granulomatous orchitis in a 47-year-old patient is described. He had a history of recurrent pyelonephritis and subsequent chronic renal failure, and was under treatment with hemodialysis therapy. He presented with painful swelling of the right scrotal contents accompanied by fever. After the unsuccessful treatment with antibiotics, an exploration of the right scrotal contents revealed the testis replaced by a hard yellow mass. An orchiectomy was performed and granulomatous orchitis was diagnosed pathologically. The clinical and etiological aspects of this rare inflammatory disease of the testis are reviewed. It is important to recognize this disease, because this is often initially thought to be neoplastic. Although the cause of this disease is still controversial, it is supposed to be associated with sperm extravasation caused by urinary tract infection or trauma.
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PMID:[A case of granulomatous orchitis in a hemodialysis patient]. 240 68

We present three cases of benign prostatic hypertrophy associated with chronic renal failure for three years from 1982 to 1984. Endogenous 24-hour creatinine clearance (Ccr) on admission ranged from 8.7 to 29.4 ml/min. Temporary hemodialysis treatment was required in one patient at the beginning of hospitalization. Indwelling intraurethral catheterization for 3 months or more improved the renal function in one patient, but brought troublesome complications of gross hematuria, intractable urethral pain or recurrent pyelonephritis in the other patients. These complications might arise from strong uninhibited detrusor contractions triggered or accelerated by stimuli and/or urinary tract infection induced by urethra-indwelt catheters. Intermittent self catheterization reduced these complications in one patient. In two patients, Ccr increased beyond 30 ml/min as a desirable standard level for safe operations. Suprapubic prostatectomy was successfully performed in all the patients. However, severe gastric ulcer or fatal duodenal ulcer occurred in two patients. Hypoproteinemia and/or urinary tract infection was thought to be highly related to ulceration. In conclusion, we would like to emphasize that a Ccr of more than 30 ml/min is needed for safe operations concerning renal function in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy associated with chronic renal failure.
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PMID:[A pre- and post-operative clinical study in three patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy and implicated chronic renal failure]. 243 7

Histomorphometry was performed on transiliac bone biopsies, double-labeled with tetracycline, from 60 consecutively admitted patients (20 women) at various stages of chronic renal failure (CRF). Eleven patients (1 woman) had normal bone resorption and formation indices. Bone resorption and osteoid formation increased with progression of renal failure, but abnormal values were seen even at slightly elevated creatinine levels. Mineralization lag time increased with CRF duration; prolonged values were only seen in patients with polycystic kidney disease or chronic pyelonephritis with advanced CRF. All patients with impaired mineralization also had increased bone resorption. Diabetes mellitus did not protect against skeletal lesions. The biochemical tests were too insensitive to predict type or severity of bone disease, and hand X-rays had no diagnostic value in early stages of renal osteodystrophy.
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PMID:Renal osteodystrophy in predialysis patients without stainable bone aluminum. A cross-sectional bone-histomorphometric study. 245 77

Nine fatal cases of systemic mucormycosis observed in association with renal failure are described. Four patients were hospitalized for chronic renal failure as a consequence of chronic glomerulonephritis, myeloma kidney, chronic pyelonephritis, and polycystic kidney disease, respectively; and five patients presented with acute renal failure. The underlying causes in three of these five patients were gentamycin nephrotoxicity, acute gastroenteritis, and allograft rejection, respectively, and in the remaining two, acute renal failure was the result of extensive renal vascular and parenchymal invasion by mucor hyphae. Tissue invasion with mucormycosis was documented during life in two patients and at autopsy in seven patients. The infection was disseminated in five patients, and isolated pulmonary and rhinocerebral involvement occurred in two patients each. Our observations have shown that patients with renal failure are prone to develop mucormycosis, which carries a grave prognosis if therapy is not instituted in time.
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PMID:Mucormycosis in patients with renal failure. 248 82

There are indications that there is an increased risk of chronic renal failure (CRF) in the Negroid race, yet few studies have been carried out in the native 'black' environment. A clinico-pathological study of 100 consecutive Nigerian subjects with CRF, seen over a 3-year period, is presented. Primary chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) accounted for 50, accelerated hypertension for 25, and various aetiological entities for a further nine; these included, chronic pyelonephritis (two), diabetic nephropathy (two), calculous nephropathy (one), toxaemia of pregnancy (one), renal dysplasia (one), tuberculosis (one) and polycystic disease in the ninth subject. In 16 cases, no definitive aetiological diagnosis could be made. Combinations of the following features, protracted hypertension, proteinuria, significant analgesic intake and gouty arthritis, were observed. CGN and accelerated hypertension still remain the leading causes of CRF, while diseases such as diabetes mellitus and chronic pyelonephritis do not contribute significantly to CRF in Nigerians. Recognition of the early features and the causes of CRF would considerably reduce the prevalence of this condition.
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PMID:Diseases causing chronic renal failure in Nigerians--a prospective study of 100 cases. 254 87

One hundred adult Sudanese patients who presented to Soba University Hospital (SUH) with established chronic renal failure (CRF) were studied to determine the aetiology. Thirty-eight had chronic glomerulonephritis, 12 renal calculi, nine diabetic renal disease, seven chronic pyelonephritis, five sequelae of acute renal failure (ARF), four renal vascular disease, three polycystic disease of the kidneys, and two obstructive uropathy. In 20 patients the aetiology was not determined because of late presentation to hospital. The results were compared with those of the developed countries, which differ greatly from Sudan in climate, diet, race, culture and social habits. The main differences were in the prevalence of renal calculi which, although being the second commonest cause of CRF in the Sudan, were rare in European countries. Also, diabetes mellitus was a much commoner cause of CRF in Sudan than Europe. Other aetiological factors were similar.
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PMID:The aetiology of chronic renal failure in adult Sudanese patients. 260 79

A study was designed to investigate and define the true incidence of chronic atrophic pyelonephritis; its contributing role as a cause of chronic renal failure. The study was designed to investigate and define the true incidence of chronic disease in affected individuals in a hospital based population. We relied on radiological and postmortem histopathological evidences of the disease. The results showed that radiologically detectable unilateral chronic atrophic pyelonephritis was found in only 15 out of 391 intravenous pyelograms performed on patients referred to the renal clinic (3.8 per cent) during the five-year study period; bilateral disease was not found. Histopathological evidence from postmortem studies showed evidence of chronic atrophic pyelonephritis in 12 out of 250 autopsies (4.8%). In a short term follow up of women with unilateral pyelonephritic scars, it was found that antihypertensive treatment and meticulous treatment of urinary tract infection prevented a decline in renal function and the outcome of pregnancy was satisfactory. Chronic atrophic pyelonephritis is a rare disease in adult Nigerians and seems to be a benign disease. It may be indolent and unrecognised in many patients.
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PMID:The rarity of chronic atrophic pyelonephritis in adults Nigerians. 261 2


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