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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The sequential appearance of antibody-coated bacteria in urinary sediment was followed in experimental pyelonephritis produced with Escherichia coli O6:K13:H1. It was possible to determine against which antigen of the organism this antibody was directed. Antibody-coated bacteria appeared by day 11 of infection, a time which coincided with the synthesis of local (intrarenal) antibody. Bacteria coated with antibody more than three days after serum antibody but four days before urinary antibody appeared. Antibody eluted from coated bacteria was directed against the O-antigen of the infecting organism but not the K-antigen. Newly synthesized intrarenal antibody and urinary antibody were directed only against O-antigen, but not against K-antigen; this finding would explain why the antibody that coated the bacteria was antibody to lipopolysaccharide. Thus, a positive test for antibody-coated bacteria indicates that a local immune response to O-antigen has occurred. It is postulated that this immune response could relate to the clinical symptomatology of acute symptomatic pyelonephritis since most patients presenting with acute pyelonephritis have bacteria coated with antibody.
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PMID:Significance of antibody-coated bacteria in urinary sediment in experimental pyelonephritis. 32 77

The local immune response to the lipoprotein of the outer membrane of Escherichia coli O6:K13:H1 was determined in experimental hematogenous pyelonephritis in rabbits. Local antibody was analyzed with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on newly synthesized protein from kidney. Local or intrarenal antibody was detected by day 7 of infection, a few days later than serum antibody. The synthesis of antibody in immunoglobulin G class was present 6 days before the synthesis of immunoglobulin M antibody. Antibody activity to this antigen was also present in urine, and antibody could be eluted from bacteria coated with antibody. Local antibody to the lipoprotein was synthesized in equal quantities by animals infected with a heterologous species of E. coli. This antigen was not as mitogenic for splenic or kidney lymphocytes as was the O antigen. Hence, the lipoprotein of the organisms is a potent immunogen but a weak mitogen locally in pyelonephritis. This antibody response probably does not induce protection against infection, but represents a marker for presence of infection.
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PMID:Local immune response to lipoprotein of the outer membrane of Escherichia coli in experimental pyelonephritis. 33 Apr 6

Although the systemic and local immune response to the O antigen of Escherichia coli has been well characterized, little information is available on the immune response to K anigen. Experimental hematogenous pyelonephritis was produced with Escherichia coli 06 K13 H1 and the serum and local (intrarenal) antibody response to O and K antigens was determined with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Both local and serum antibody responses to the K antigen were significantly less than that to the O antigen. The K antigen induced low titer IgM and IgG antibody responses in fewer than one-half of the animals and did not induce a local IgA response in any animal. In contrast, the O antigen induced local antibody responses in each of the immunoglobulin classes in all animals from day 9 of infection. Similarly, the serum IgM and IgG antibody titers to the K antigen were significantly less than those evoked in response to the O component of the Escherichia coli. No serum IgA anti-K antibodies were detected. These observations helf clarify the roles of these two antigens in pyelonephritis. Although the K antigen of Escherichia coli functions as a virulence factor in upper urinary tract infections, this antigen does not elicit a significant immune response, whereas the O antigen does induce a significant antibody response which could be of protective or diagnostic benefit.
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PMID:The local immune response to Escherichia coli O and K antigen in experimental pyelonephritis. 78 96

Haematogenous pyelonephritis was induced in rabbits using Escherichia coli 06:K13:H1 bacteria and the amounts and avidities of antibodies to the 06 antigen were analysed by the ammonium sulphate precipitation technique of Farr. In a group of six animals preimmunized with E. coli 02:K2ab:H1, five developed pyelonephritis and one pyelitis, as determined by histological examination. All aminals showed a considerable antibody response to E. coli 06 antigen during the infection. The animal with pyelitis gave a slightly smaller response than the others. The antibody avidity showed a pronounced variation. In a second group of six rabbits not preimmunized, five animals developed pyelonephritis. The titres of antibodies against E. coli 06 antigen increased during the infection inall of the six animals. However, the increase was significantly smaller than for the animals preimmunized with E. coli 02:K2ab:H1 (P smaller than 0.01). The pattern of the antibody avidities in this group was also heterogenous. The results are consistent with previous findings that exposure to serologically heterologous E. coli bacteria can enhance the development of the homologous antibody titres. This could be of relevance for serological diagnostic work as well as in the determination of the protective capacity of the antibody.
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PMID:Experimental Escherichia coli O6 pyelonephritis in rabbits. Effect on O6 antibody quantity and avidity of prior immunization with E. coli O2 bacteria. 109 66

Two monoclonal antibodies specific for type-1C fimbriae of Escherichia coli were produced. In enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting the antibodies, which were of the IgG1 isotype, reacted with type-1C, but not with P or type-1 fimbriae of E. coli strain KS71. Immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation of crude fimbrial extracts from 25 strains invariably gave an apparent molecular weight of 17 000 for the type-1C fimbrillin. A total of 313 E. coli strains, isolated from patients with extraintestinal infection or from faeces of healthy children, were screened for the presence of type-1C fimbriae using both the monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Of these, 45 (14%) strains had type-1C fimbriae, with the highest frequency (27%) on strains isolated from patients with pyelonephritis. No faecal strain had type-1C fimbriae, and the frequency on the other diagnostic groups ranged from 11 to 15%. Thus, no direct correlation between type-1C fimbriae and bacterial virulence in human extraintestinal infections was found. Type-1C fimbriae were detected on only a few E. coli serotypes, notably on all O6:K2:H1 and O22:K13:H1 strains tested.
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PMID:Occurrence of type-1C fimbriae on Escherichia coli strains isolated from human extraintestinal infections. 286 87

Aerobactin production was examined by a bioassay in 467 Escherichia coli urinary strains from girls. All strains were of known O:K:H serotype. 139, 119 and 112 strains were isolates from pyelonephritis (Py), cystitis (Cy) and asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU), respectively, and 97 were from fecal samples of healthy girls (FN). The incidence of aerobactin production was significantly higher among Py strains than among ABU and FN strains (P less than 0.001) and also significantly higher than among Cy strains (P less than 0.01). Aerobactin production was associated with serotype, e.g. the majority of O6:K2:H1 strains and of O16:K1:H6 were positive while e.g. the O6:K13:H1 strains were negative. There was no consistent pattern of coappearance of aerobactin and hemolysin.
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PMID:Aerobactin production of serotyped Escherichia coli from urinary tract infections. 327 28

The structural basis for the cross-reactivity between the Escherichia coli K13, K20 and K23 capsular polysaccharides is the----)-beta-ribofuranosyl-(1----7)-beta-2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate polymer. Monoclonal antibodies against E. coli K13 which require O-acetyl-2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate for binding were further investigated. Such antibodies, of both the IgG and the IgM isotype, opsonized E. coli K13 in vitro and protected against intraperitoneal infection in mice as well as ascending pyelonephritis in rats. A monoclonal IgG1 anti-idiotype, specific for the K13 polysaccharide combining site of a protective IgM idiotype, primed for protection against intraperitoneal infection with live E. coli K13 following K13 injections at four as well as 12 weeks of age, the K13 polysaccharide alone did not immunize and protect. The monoclonal anti-K13 idiotype only primed for protection at four weeks of age. These findings suggest a strong effect of a single idiotype on the outcome of a bacterial infection.
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PMID:Studies on immunity against Escherichia coli K13 with monoclonal anti-K13 and anti-anti-K13. 390 58

The local immune response to pili of Escherichia coli O6:K13:H1 was determined in experimental hematogenous pyelonephritis in rabbits. Pili purified from sheared cells by ammonium sulfate precipitation were found to be pure by electron microscopy and negative for lipopolysaccharide by limulus lysate assay. Antipilus antibody was detected in serum and newly synthesized protein from infected animals with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum and local (intrarenal) antibodies were of the immunoglobulin G class, were detectable by day 20 of infection, and persisted though 250 days of infection. These data suggest that pili are present on the organism at the site of infection, since they induce the local synthesis of antipilus antibody in experimental pyelonephritis.
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PMID:Local immune response to Escherichia coli pili in experimental pyelonephritis. 611 36

O:K:H serotype determination of 267 E. coli strains from patients with pyelonephritis or cystitis led us to tentatively consider some O:K:H types, e.g. O6:K2:H1 as pyelonephritis and e.g. O6:K13:H1 as cystitis associated types. By means of crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) several strains of such special O:K:H serotypes were examined for presence of the previously described fimbrial antigens, F7 and F8. Three new F antigens were designated F10, F11 and F12. The fimbrial structures of these antigens were demonstrated by immunoelectron microscopy (IEM). Based on the haemagglutinating (HA) capacity of the strains it was possible to separate differently fimbriated organisms of the same strain. The bacteria which agglutinate human erythrocytes could be absorbed out of the mixture when the erythrocytes were removed by sedimentation. When the bacteria in the supernatant no longer agglutinated human erythrocytes they were regarded as HA absorbed and were compared with non-HA absorbed bacteria for their ability to attach to epithelial cells from the urinary tract. Hence, it was concluded that F7, F8 and F10 caused haemagglutination and were responsible for the attachment to urinary epithelial cells, while the fimbriae antigenically termed pseudotype 1 did not induce haemagglutination and played little or no role for the attachment to this kind of epithelial cells.
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PMID:O, K, H and fimbrial antigens in Escherichia coli serotypes associated with pyelonephritis and cystitis. 612

A total of 237 Escherichia coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with various forms of urinary tract infection or from feces of healthy children were analyzed for O group, possession of K1 capsule, type 1 fimbriae, P fimbriae, X adhesin, and production of hemolysin. Some of the strains were also analyzed for K and H antigens, outer membrane protein pattern, and plasmid content. P fimbriation, hemolysin production, and certain O groups were found to be significantly correlated with pyelonephritogenicity. Possession of type 1 fimbriae or of K1 capsule or plasmid content did not significantly correlate with virulence. Outer membrane protein patterns in 139 strains of the more common O groups were analyzed. Only one to three patterns, which varied between serotypes, were usually found within any one O group. Distinctive groups (clones) were found when the strains were grouped according to complete serotype, fimbriation, hemolysin production, and outer membrane protein pattern; also, the mean number of plasmids was typical of the strains in a given clone. Seven clones associated with pyelonephritis were found; together they accounted for 57% of the O serotypable strains from the pyelonephritis patients. The seven clones were P fimbriated but differed in their serotypes as follows: O1:K1:H7, O4:K12:H1, O4:K12:H5, O6:K2:H1, O16:K1:H6, or O18ac:K5:H7. All O1:K1:H7 strains observed fell into two clones according to the presence or absence of type 1 fimbriae and hemolysin production. One clone associated with cystitis was also found; this consisted of O6:K13:H1 strains lacking P fimbriae. Not a single representative of these eight clones was found among the fecal strains from the healthy children. They are proposed to represent virulent clones with special ability to cause human urinary tract infection.
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PMID:P-fimbriated clones among uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. 614 Feb 22


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