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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Experiments using an in vitro method of assessing protein synthesis by (14)C amino acid incorporation were designed to determine whether pyelonephritic kidneys were capable of local antibody production. Unilateral pyelonephritis was produced in rabbits by intravenous injection of E. coli 0-75 while one ureter was transiently occluded. The capability of protein and immunoglobulin synthesis by pyelonephritic kidneys, contralateral kidneys, normal kidneys, and spleens from normal and pyelonephritic animals was measured. Enhanced protein and immunoglobulin syntheses by pyelonephritic kidneys were first detected by the 11th day after infection and persisted through day 120. In individual experiments the pyelonephritic kidney produced 6-170 times more soluble protein than did the contralateral, uninfected kidney. In seven experiments, IgG comprised a mean of 72% of the total protein synthesized by the pyelonephritic kidney, compared with a mean of 19% in the contralateral kidney. IgA accounted for 10 and 9%, respectively. In these experiments 0.6-17% of the synthesized IgG was precipitable by somatic antigen of the E. coli 0-75. The capability of the pyelonephritic kidney to synthesize soluble protein was quantitatively similar to that of spleens from infected animals. The proportion of synthesized protein which was immunoglobulin G, however, was greater in the pyelonephritic kidney than in the spleen. Furthermore, specific antibody synthesis by the pyelonephritic kidney persisted longer than did synthesis by the spleen of the same animal. These studies provide evidence that in experimental pyelonephritis a significant local immune response occurs which is represented primarily by the production of IgG. Local immunoglobulin formation and specific antibody synthesis may be important factors in determining patterns of host resistance.
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PMID:Local immune response in experimental pyelonephritis. 418 Feb 77

6 healthy adult volunteers were immunized perorally with live Escherichia coli O4K12 bacteria. The bacteria could thereafter be identified in the stools of all individuals for different periods of time. No adverse reactions were noted. 04 antibodies of the IgG class appeared in the serum of all individuals and IgM antibodies in 2 of them. The corresponding figures for K12 antibodies were 2 and 1, respectively. In saliva from the glandula parotis, secretory IgA antibodies to 04 were seen in 3, and against K12 in 1 individual. It is concluded that peroral immunization might be an alternative for induction of antibodies. Nothing is known, however, about any protective effect of these antibodies. Only a low percentage of the individuals showed K12 antibody formation. Therefore, optimal prophylactic immunization against acute pyelonephritis could be achieved by giving immunogenic K antigen, that is conjugated to a carrier, which might induce antibody formation in most individuals.
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PMID:Peroral immunization of healthy adults with live Escherichia coli O4K12 bacteria. Antibody response as measured in serum and secretions. 633 7

More attention should be directed to upper urinary tract infections as they cause renal parenchymal damage. Recently, many reports on antibody-coated bacteria (ACB) in urological diseases have been made. We performed ACB tests in 68 cases of urological infectious diseases. The tests were made according to Thomas' method. Anti-human immunoglobulin IgG, IgA, and IgM rabbit sera were used. The results were compared using the chi-square analysis. ACB-positive were 0 approximately 15% of the cases of acute cystitis, 33 approximately 67% of the cases of chronic cystitis, 30 approximately 60% of the cases of prostatitis and urethritis, and 60 approximately 90% of the cases of pyelonephritis. The percentage was higher in the patients who had indwelling catheters than in those who did not. The ACB test was suggested to be helpful in diagnosing upper urinary tract infection in the female patients who did not have indwelling catheters. But there was the danger of making an incorrect diagnosis with this test on male patients who had indwelling catheters, and those with prostatitis or urethritis, and on female patients with indwelling catheters.
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PMID:[Urinary tract infection : clinical significance of antibody-coated bacteria]. 638 63

After induction of pyelonephritis and cystitis in rabbits by a group D streptococcus, the authors measured the specific serum antibody response in the three major immunoglobulin classes. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed using group D streptococcal antigen extracted by phenol. Before experimentation, all rabbits had low IgM, IgG and IgA titres against group D streptococcal antigen. A marked increase in IgM antibodies was detected during the first month of experimental pyelonephritis. A poor IgM antibody response was observed in rabbits with cystitis. During the three months of experimentation, a significant difference in mean IgG levels was observed between rabbits with pyelonephritis and those with cystitis.
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PMID:Experimental urinary tract infection in rabbits by a group D Streptococcus sp.: a study of serum immunoglobulin classes by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. 641 23

The morphological variations of thyroid-like lesions in the kidney in 15 cases with chronic destructive interstitial nephritis as the basic alteration were examined with light microscopy and immunohistological methods. Reflux pyelonephritis was present in some cases. Thyroid-like lesions can develop at any age. "Mature" thyroid-like lesions possess large follicular structures and solid tubular epithelial cell complexes, whereas the follicular structures in "young" thyroid-like lesions are small. The hyaline casts are Tamm-Horsfall protein positive in between one- and two-thirds of the follicles. IgA is present in all follicular lumina. The thyroid-like lesions are the result of a regenerative process. They develop after subtotal parenchymal destruction of remaining tubular epithelial cells from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle, the distal convoluted tubules and the collecting ducts. They are pathognomonic for healed destructive bacterial interstitial nephritis, but can also be observed in analgesic nephropathy, hydronephrosis, and nephronophthisis when these basic diseases are preceded by pyelonephritis.
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PMID:A contribution to the morphology and pathogenesis of thyroid-like lesions in the kidney. 685 20

Antibody-coated bacteria tests, using fluorescein-conjugated rabbit anti-canine immunoglobulin (Ig)G and anti-IgA, were conducted on 77 specimens of bladder urine obtained by antepubic cystocentesis from 25 dogs with urinary tract infections. Urine specimens from 3 dogs infected with Staphylococcus aureus were tested a total of 27 times, specimens from 10 dogs infected with Escherichia coli were tested 25 times, urine from 6 dogs infected with Proteus mirabilis was sampled and tested 18 times, urine from 3 dogs with Klebsiella pneumoniae was sampled and tested 4 times, and specimens from 3 dogs infected with P rettgeri, Enterobacter cloacae, or Streptococcus faecalis were tested once each. Specimens of urine from the renal pelves of each dogs were obtained by percutaneous nephropyelocentesis at the same time as the specimens of bladder urine. The results of bacterial cultures of these specimens were compared with the results of the corresponding antibody-coated bacteria tests. False-positive results (ie, evidence of antibody coating of bladder urine bacteria but no bacterial growth from corresponding renal pelvis urine specimens) were obtained in 13 of 22 (59%) tests of dogs infected with S aureus, 12 of 13 (92%) tests in dogs infected with P mirabiis, 5 of 18(28%) tests in dogs infected with E coli, and 1 of 4 (25%) tests in dogs infected with K pneumoniae. False-negative results (ie, bacterial growth from renal pelvis urine specimens but no evidence of antibody coating of bacteria in the corresponding specimen of bladder urine) occurred in 5 of 7 (71%) specimens infected with E coli, in 4 of 5 (80%) specimens infected with P mirabilis, and in 5 of 5 (100%) specimens infected with S aureus. It was concluded that the antibody-coated bacteria test does not provide accurate information to support the diagnosis of pyelonephritis in the dog.
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PMID:Relation of antibody-coated urine bacteria to the site(s) of infection in experimental dogs. 699 43

During 9 attacks of M. hominis pyelonephritis in 8 patients, the presence of IgA, IgG and IgM antibodies in urine and serum was studied by an indirect immunofluorescence technique. Antibodies were present in the urine for a period of 12 days. One to 4 days after the onset of the attack, IgA was in all cases demonstrable in urine, followed later by IgG. IgM was present in the urine of one patient only during the first 4 days of illness. In serum, IgG appeared as early as 1-4 days after the attack, followed later by IgA and IgM, IgA disappearing after one to two weeks.
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PMID:Immunoglobulin classes of urinary and serum antibodies in mycoplasmal pyelonephritis. 700 81

Little is known about the immunologic aspects of antibody coating, though the test for determining antibody-coated bacteria in urine has been examined for its diagnostic uses by many authors after its inauguration in 1974. In adults with chronic pyelonephritis with and without antibody-coated bacteria in the urine, we tested whether bacterial coating is correlated with the homologous O-antibody titre in the urine. We also determined Ig levels in urine and serum, as well as homologous O-antibody titres in serum. By means of indirect immunofluorescence technique, we were able to show homologous O-antibodies in the urine of all patients with and without antibody-coated bacteria. IgG and IgA levels in urine were mostly raised, as were often the O-antibody titres in the serum. There were no significant differences in the immunologic parameters within the patient groups with or without antibody-coating. The presence of homologous O-antibodies in urine does not therefore necessarily lead to coating of the bacteria.
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PMID:Antibody-coating of bacteria in the urine in relation to various immunologic indexes. 701 22

Peroral immunization with a live strain of Escherichia coli O6K13H1 against experimental ascending pyelonephritis caused by the same strain was studied in rats, and the effect of immunization on antibody titers against the O and K antigens and lipid A was determined. Peroral immunization with live bacteria protected significantly against pyelonephritis. Sera collected 1 week after infection from the immunized group were increased in immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-O6 and IgM anti-K13 in comparison with the nonimmunized group. The peroral immunization did not correspondingly affect the response to lipid A. In urine, there was an IgG antibody response to the O6 antigen. In bronchopulmonary secretion, IgM, IgG, and IgA antibodies to O6 were detected. Perorally immunized animals had significantly higher levels of IgG and IgA anti-O6 compared with the nonimmunized group 1 week after infection. Passive transfer of anti-lipid A did not increase resistance against pyelonephritis.
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PMID:Experimental Escherichia coli ascending pyelonephritis in rats: active peroral immunization with live Escherichia coli. 703 70

Autoantibodies to the Tamm-Horsfall (TH) protein were analyzed in sera from 116 patients with pyelonephritis. The increases in antibody levels were limited in 23 patients with radiological detected renal damage during 31 attacks of acute pyelonephritis. 8 children with abnormally low total and/or unilateral 51Cr EDTA clearance had significantly lower IgG antibody levels to TH protein, than 14 children with normal clearance rate. All 61 children with renal damage had significantly low IgG, IgA and IgM antibody levels to TH protein 6 months after last infection as compared to the reference group. For IgG antibodies, the mean was well below -2 S.D. 12 children with increased serum creatinine had significantly lower IgG antibody levels than those with
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PMID:Autoantibodies to Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein in children with renal damage associated with urinary tract infections. 721 55


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