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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The pathogenesis of urinary tract infections is not yet sufficiently explained despite of large progressions in this field. A special disposition for infections of the kidneys and the urinary tract more and more be seen not only as an anatomic and/or urodynamic but also as an immunologic problem. The secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA) in the urine is a measurable parameter for the function of the local immuno system of the mucous membranes in the urogenital system being subject of the present investigations. 87 children with different forms and stages of activity of the urinary tract infection and 59 healthy children have been chosen in order to measure the concentration and the excretion of S-IgA (mg S-IgA/g creatinine). The S-IgA is estimated by an enzyme immunoassay. We have found that the concentration, the excretion and the daily excretion of S-IgA are higher in all forms of pyelonephritis in an acute stage compared with healthy volunteers. There is a non-significant decrease of these values during an antibiotic therapy. It is evident that the values of patients with chronic pyelonephritis have been significantly diminished during the symptom-free interval compared with healthy volunteers (p less than 0.05). Considering the literature our results show that the function of the kidneys as well as inflammation and local immunity are in a close correlation.
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PMID:[Urinary secretory immunoglobulin A in urinary tract infections in childhood]. 203 11

Study of the enzymatic and adhesive properties of E. coli isolated from the urine of children with cystitis has demonstrated that P-fimbriae, DNAase- and phosphatase-positive strains with pronounced hemolyzing and metabolic properties mostly occurred in children with associated cystitis and chronic obstructive pyelonephritis. In children suffering from cystitis, the changes on the part of local immunity manifested by the decrease of the content of SIgG in the urine and by the lack of SIgA1 and SIgA2. In children with a disease standing up to 3 years, the synthesis of IgA turned out dominant in the mucous membrane of the neck of the urinary bladder and in the trigone of the bladder, with IgG and IgM output being less intensive. The authors have proved the efficacy of the treatment with tomicide instilled into the urinary bladder of children suffering from cystitis.
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PMID:[Urinary microflora and the status of local immunity in children with cystitis]. 219 Jan 67

The studied group comprised 38 boys and girls aged from 7 months to 5 years with chronic pyelonephritis. Counts of B and T-cells and serum concentrations of IgG, IgM, IgA were determined. A significant depression was noted of the per cent proportion of T-cells in relation to the control group of healthy children with a significantly lower IgM concentration without significant changes in IgG and IgA levels.
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PMID:[Selected markers of cell-mediated and humoral immunity in children with chronic pyelonephritis]. 263 43

The content of circulating immune complexes, IgA, IgM, IgG, components of NK- and K-cell complement and phagocytosis were studied during hemosorption in 14 patients with chronic nephritis and chronic pyelonephritis with symptomatic hypertension. Diverse changes of humoral immunity indices associated with their initial level were revealed. A drop of arterial pressure and improved kidney function were noted in some patients. The leukocyte phagocytic activity, natural and antibody dependent cytotoxicity rose.
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PMID:[Immunologic analysis of the effectiveness of hemosorption in symptomatic hypertension of renal origin]. 293 47

The authors studied the serum levels of immunoglobulins G, A and M in 72 patients with chronic pyelonephritis and 77 clinically healthy subjects. In spite of the high biological variability of the indices studied, high serum levels of IgG and IgA were established in the patients with active urologic infection and with advanced renal insufficiency. Significantly higher values of IgG were established in active pyelonephritis, caused by E. coli and Proteus and of all immunoglobulins--in infection with Enterococcus. The serum level of immunoglobulins in chronic pyelonephritis should be complexly interpreted, together with the other clinical and laboratory data.
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PMID:[Immunoglobulins in the serum of chronic pyelonephritis patients]. 308 65

Infections of the urinary tract belong to the most frequent bacterially caused diseases. Strains of bacteria which are able to evoke an infection of the urinary tract distinguish themselves by particular properties. Hereby the existence of O- and K-antigens, the demonstration of adhesins (F-antigens), the ability of the formation of haemolysin and production of colicin V (aerobactin), the serum resistance as well the plasmid profile an important role is ascribed. The ability of uropathogenic bacteria to the adhesion to the epithelial cells of the urinary tract is significant for the development and the course of a disease. A connection is to be established between the rate of bacterial attachment of the epithelial cells and the activity of a pyelonephritis. The defence of an infection of the urinary tract takes place above all in the local area, in which cases among others the phenomenon of the antibody coated bacteria and disturbances of the formation of the secretory IgA are of interest. Various pathogenetic aspects of chronic infections of the urinary tract are discussed on the basis of reports from literature and findings of own investigations.
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PMID:[Pathogenetic aspects of chronic urinary tract infections]. 331 80

The usefulness of measuring serum antibodies to Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP) for diagnosing the level of acute urinary tract infections in adult women was evaluated. There was a significant (p less than 0.001) elevation of IgG and IgA anti-THP in pregnant and non-pregnant women with acute pyelonephritis compared to women with acute cystitis. The changes in anti-THP antibody titre among patients with acute pyelonephritis varied considerably, limiting the value of determining such antibodies for diagnostic purposes. Patients with febrile infections of non-renal origin demonstrated an antibody response comparable to the pyelonephritis patients. One explanation for these results could be that fever is associated with transient rental tubular damage, thus exposing THP to the immune system. Polyclonal antibody activation seems less likely since neither an IgM antibody response to THP, nor an increase in antibody titre to poliovirus could be demonstrated.
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PMID:Association between fever and the antibody response to Tamm-Horsfall protein in urinary tract infection. 344 27

In this study we tested the hypothesis that the increased susceptibility of non-secretors of blood group antigens to recurrent urinary tract infections might be due, in part, to lower levels of IgA reported for non-secretor Caucasian women. Total serum IgA and IgG levels of 200 women in a retrospective study group monitored by the local pyelonephritis unit for 20 yr was compared with those of 100 women from a prospective group recently referred to the clinic. Immunoglobulin levels of the retrospective group were analyzed with reference to the secretor state of the patient, improvement over the 20 yr and presence or absence of renal scars. Total IgA and IgG levels were significantly higher in the sera of non-secretors with or without renal scars and also among patients who had clinically improved over the 20-yr period. Most women appeared to improve regardless of age of onset of infections or treatment prescribed. It was suggested that improvement might be associated with a self-immunization phenomenon. The significantly higher levels of IgA and IgG found among the women in the retrospective study compared with the levels found in the sera of age-matched women in the prospective study is evidence for this hypothesis. The implications of these findings for further investigations of the pathogenesis of urinary tract infections are discussed.
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PMID:Secretor state and immunoglobulin levels among women with recurrent urinary tract infections. 361 49

The local appearance of various immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes in the urinary tract during ascending pyelonephritis was studied in rats experimentally infected with Corynebacterium renale. The indirect fluorescent antibody assay was used to detect IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, and C3 on C renale present in the urine of the experimental animals. Corynebacterium renale coated with IgM and IgG antibodies was found beginning on the 4th day after induced infection, with IgG being the more abundant isotype. Coating with IgA occurred as early as the 4th day, but was less dense than coating with IgG. The presence of C3 on C renale was concurrent with IgM and IgG coating. A significant quantity of IgE could not be identified on antibody-coated C renale. Thus, IgG is the major component of the humoral immune response in this model of ascending pyelonephritis. The IgM early during infection and IgA later during infection seem not to be a major component of the immune response in this model.
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PMID:Appearance of immunoglobulin classes and complement (C3) during Corynebacterium renale-induced experimental pyelonephritis in the rat. 388 8

Urine samples obtained from children with acute pyelonephritis and from healthy children and adults were analysed with regard to the molecular form and specific antibody activity of urinary immunoglobulins. The urinary IgA and IgG levels were quantified in unconcentrated urine by radioimmunoassay. The children with urinary tract infection had significantly higher levels of IgG and IgA than age-matched controls but not higher than healthy adults. After tenfold concentration, the urine was fractionated on an Ultrogel AcA 22 column, and the IgA, secretory IgA, and IgG in the fractions were determined by radioimmunoassay. IgA in urine from healthy adults was predominantly represented by polymeric IgA linked to secretory component; small quantities of monomeric IgA were also present. IgG eluted in the position of the serum standard. Increased proportions of IgG and monomeric IgA were found in the infected patients. Specific antibody activity of the IgG and IgA classes to antigens of the infecting Escherichia coli strain was detected in whole and in fractionated urine from children with acute pyelonephritis. The specific antibody activity in healthy adults and children was low.
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PMID:Urinary immunoglobulins in healthy individuals and children with acute pyelonephritis. 389 Jan 47


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