Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and morbidity of cutaneous ileocystostomy, as an alternative to cystectomy and ileal conduit urinary diversion, for patients with end-stage neurogenic vesical dysfunction. Three male and eight female patients, mean age 41 years (range 28-59), with a mean duration of a neuropathic bladder of 8 years (range 4-17 years) underwent evaluation for ileocystostomy urinary diversion. Indications for the procedure included a bladder capacity < or = 200 ml (10 patients), recurrent febrile urinary tract infection (nine patients), and urinary incontinence despite an indwelling urethral catheter (all eight women). Each was felt to be a poor candidate for, or refused, continent urinary diversion or bladder augmentation cystoplasty. All eight females required concomitant pubovaginal sling urethral compression to eliminate urinary leakage from a patulous, non-functional urethra. Two patients required bilateral ureteral reimplantation for grade III-IV/V reflux. Effective low-pressure urinary stomal drainage was achieved without the need for chronic catheterization in all of the patients with a mean duration of follow-up of 24 months (range 6-60 months). No patient has developed pyelonephritis since the procedure. Urethral urinary leakage was eliminated in all of the female patients, whilst vesicoureteral reflux resolved in those with reflux preoperatively.
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PMID:Cutaneous ileocystostomy (a bladder chimney) for the treatment of severe neurogenic vesical dysfunction. 852 6

In this study, a case of emphysematous pyelonephritis has been reported in a 70-year old diabetic male with a non-functional contralateral kidney. In spite of appropriate medical treatment and surgical drainage, the outcome was negative. The case in question concerned a rare form of the disease, i.e., emphysematous pyelonephritis, a severe and necrotizing infection which is characterized by the presence of intraparenchymal gas produced by anaerobic bacteria, and the rapid development of acute sepsis or septic shock. Medical treatment alone is seldom sufficient, and surgical intervention, in most instances consisting of radical nephrectomy rather than surgical drainage, is advocated due to the extent of the necrotic lesions.
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PMID:[Emphysematous pyelonephritis: a case report]. 1095 90

Primary renal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is very rare in childhood. A six-year-old boy presented with bilateral non-obstructive multinodular nephromegaly and renal failure. Percutaneous needle biopsy showed large-cell lymphoma. The patient was started on chemotherapy. A right nephrectomy was done when systemic hypertension developed in the presence of a non-functional right kidney. Histopathologic examination revealed focal lymphomatous infiltration and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis which is an atypical form of chronic renal infection. The case is discussed in relation to previons reports.
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PMID:Primary renal lymphoma and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in childhood. 1245 30

Escherichia coli is the most common organism associated with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU). In contrast to uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), which causes symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI), very little is known about the mechanisms by which these strains colonize the urinary tract. Bacterial adhesion conferred by specific surface-associated adhesins is normally considered as a prerequisite for colonization of the urinary tract. The prototype ABU E. coli strain 83972 was originally isolated from a girl who had carried it asymptomatically for 3 years. This study characterized the molecular status of one of the primary adhesion factors known to be associated with UTI, namely F1C fimbriae, encoded by the foc gene cluster. F1C fimbriae recognize receptors present in the human kidney and bladder. Expression of the foc genes was found to be up-regulated in human urine. It was also shown that although strain 83972 contains a seemingly intact foc gene cluster, F1C fimbriae are not expressed. Sequencing and genetic complementation revealed that the focD gene, encoding a component of the F1C transport and assembly system, was non-functional, explaining the inability of strain 83972 to express this adhesin. The data imply that E. coli 83972 has lost its ability to express this important colonization factor as a result of host-driven evolution. The ancestor of the strain seems to have been a pyelonephritis strain of phylogenetic group B2. Strain 83972 therefore represents an example of bacterial adaptation from pathogenicity to commensalism through virulence factor loss.
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PMID:Asymptomatic bacteriuria Escherichia coli strain 83972 carries mutations in the foc locus and is unable to express F1C fimbriae. 1673 42

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGPN) is a rare, severe and atypical form of chronic pyelonephritis. It is characterised by destruction of the renal parenchyma and replacement with a chronic inflammatory infiltrate and lipid-laden macrophages resulting in a non-functional kidney. The authors report a case of a 5-year-old boy presented with a history of abdominal pain, malaise, anorexia and weight loss for 2 months. Physical examination revealed a large flank mass and the child was directed to the oncology unit on suspicion of renal tumour. Based on clinical examination and imaging, the presumptive diagnosis of XGPN of the left kidney was made. A left transperitoneal nephrectomy was performed and the histology confirmed the diagnosis. Although rare, XGPN is a clinically important entity that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an atypical-appearance renal mass in paediatric age.
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PMID:Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis presenting as a pseudotumour in a 5-year-old boy. 2323 19