Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied the cellular and humoral events which follow experimental acute pyelonephritis from P-fimbriated Escherichia coli to gain insight into the relationships among cells and specifically cytokines to determine how early events in untreated infection lead to renal damage. Cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis) monkeys were studied after they were subjected to unilateral ureteral bacterial inoculation. We evaluated the blood for leukocytosis and studied lymphocyte subsets using flow cytometry and monoclonal antibodies to the subsets and serum, complement, cytokines and antibody titers. Interleukin-1, 2 and 6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were assayed by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA), using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Leukocytosis was marked and there were significant elevations in serum cytokines, interleukin-1 alpha, 2 and 6 with only small changes in the level of TNF. Interleukin-2 levels were sustained and may have upregulated the homing receptor for virgin lymphocytes. The studies illustrated the unique relationship between cytokines and lymphocytes and the response to bacterial infection, showing that the inflammatory response is regulated not only by cytokine activity but also by lymphocyte activation.
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PMID:Cytokine and lymphocyte activation during experimental acute pyelonephritis. 761 33

Splenic lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c mice with Escherichia coli pyelonephritis were obtained at various intervals after infection. These cells were stimulated in vitro with different antigens and cytokine release was assayed in the supernate of the cultured cells. It was observed that both specific antigens such as outer-membrane proteins (OMPs), porins and heat-shock protein-65 (hsp-65), as well as non-specific mitogens such as phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), were able to induce cytokine production by splenic cells from infected mice. Of all these antigens, hsp-65 was found to be the best inducer of cytokine release. In the acute stage of pyelonephritis, the release of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was found to increase with time; both reached their peak values on the seventh day after infection. The TH1 pattern of cytokine secretion by splenic cells was observed, i.e., IL-2 and IFN-gamma, whereas there was complete absence of IL-4 secretion. In the chronic stage of pyelonephritis, i.e., 150 days after infection, a decrease in the level of IL-2 and IFN-gamma was observed. Peritoneal macrophages released IL-1 on stimulation with hsp-65, which increased with the progression of disease. The possible implications of this study for the disease process are discussed.
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PMID:TH1 pattern of cytokine secretion by splenic cells from pyelonephritic mice after in-vitro stimulation with hsp-65 of Escherichia coli. 906 Aug 73

Among T lymphocytes CD4+, the subpopulation of cells carrying the alpha-chain of the receptor of interleukin-2 (CD25) and designated as regulating T cells (Treg) has recently been marked out. Such cells produce mainly suppressing effect in the immune system and have been identified not only in experimental animals, but also in humans. The prolonged experience of the evaluation of such cells has been summarized with the cells evaluated in the peripheral blood and in culture, after their stimulation in vitro, lymphocytes obtained from healthy persons and patients with some diseases leading to the development of immunodeficient states (bronchial asthma in the state of exacerbation, newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic pyelonephritis). In all cases an increased circulation of T cells CD4+, CD25(4), which may be indicative of their immunosuppressing action was found. The correlation between the high level of these cells ex vivo and a decrease in the proliferative activity of T cells in vitro is noted. The level and functional properties of the subpopulation of T lymphocytes CD4+, CD25+ are among the most informative criteria of the functioning of me immune system in the normal state and in immunopathology. Search for medicinal preparations modulating the function of human regulating T lymphocytes is necessary.
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PMID:[Human immunoregulating (suppressing?) CD4+, CD25+ T lymphocytes ex vivo and in vitro, in the normal state and in pathology]. 1252 99