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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The results of a retrospective autopsy study of 115 adult patients with haematological or lymphoreticular malignancies or who had undergone transplantation procedures, are presented. The overall incidence of infection was 65%, 123 infections being detected in 75 patients. The bulk of the infections involved the gastro-intestinal and respiratory systems, other systems being considerably less frequently affected. Patients who had received allografts and subsequent immunosuppression had the highest incidence of viral inclusions, especially cytomegalovirus. Candida infections were more common than aspergillosis, and severe fungal infections were most frequent in patients with acute leukaemia who had been treated aggressively. The only other mycosis detected was cryptococcosis. Bacterial pneumonia was the most frequent infection over-all (36%). Tuberculosis, pyelonephritis and Pneumocystis pneumonitis were also encountered.
S Afr Med J 1977 Dec 10
PMID:The incidence of infections in compromised patients at Groote Schuur hospital. An autopsy study. 34 75

Kidneys obtained by nephrectomy from 85 patients with chronic nephropathy were examined by bacterial culture and by immunofluorescence for a content of E. coli antigen. A panel of 10 E. coli 0-antisera, representing the strains most commonly causing urinary tract infection, and antiserum against common enterobacterial antigen (CA), were used. Bacteria could be cultured from the nephrectomy specimens in 24 cases, mainly in cases of obstructive chronic pyelonephritis, analgesic nephropathy and congenital renal disease. By immunofluorescence, type-specific 0-antigen was found in whole bacteria and amorphously in macrophages, CA only in whole bacteria. Whole bacteria could be visualized in 12 cases, macrophages only in two cases. Amorphous bacterial antigen was no observed outside phagocytizing cells. On the basis of these results, it seems unlikely that progression of the renal lesions in chronic renal disease is due to persistant bacterial antigen in the absence of viable bacteria. Chronic pyelonephritis, defined as an interstitial nephritis due to the effects of bacterial infection in the renal parenchyma and pelvic mucosa, appears always to be a secondary manifestation following obstruction or primary renal disease, such as analgesic nephropathy or congenital renal disease.
Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B 1977 Dec
PMID:Bacteria and bacterial antigen in the kidney in human chronic renal disease. Bacteriological and immunofluorescence Studies. 34 94

In 64 patients who had undergone renal transplantation, later on followed by bilateral nephrectomy, bacterial growth culture was performed from the original kidneys. The presence of bacteria in the nephrectomy specimens was compared with the occurrence of significant bacteriuria before transplantation and in the period between transplantation and nephrectomy. Bacteria could be cultured from the nephrectomy specimens of 18 (28.1 per cent) of the patients, almost exclusively confined to cases of obstructive chronic pyelonephritis, analgesic nephropathy and congenital renal disease. Before transplantation, bacteriuria had been recorded in 34.4 per cent of the patients, most frequently in the three groups of diseases just mentioned. Between the transplantation and nephrectomy, bacteriuria occurred in 75.0 per cent of the patients. Patients with E. coliuria before transplantation were particularly liable to have E. coliuria also after the transplantation and to E. coli in the nephrectomy specimens, whereas patients in whon E. coliuria did not occur until in the post-transplantation period were less susceptible to E. coli infection involving the kidneys. Probably the presence of bacteria in the nephrectomy specimens is related to the primary disease rather than to immunosuppressive and antiobiotic agents administered in the post-transplantation period.
Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B 1977 Dec
PMID:Bacteriuria and renal infection in kidney-transplant recipients. 34 95

Unilateral bacterial pyelonephritis was induced in nine dogs. The upper urinary tracts of these and six control dogs were evaluated by excretory urography prior to and 9 to 10 days following experimental manipulations. Two of the dogs with unilateral pyelonephritis and one control dog were evaluated at intervals throughout a 58-day period. At necropsy, all nine inoculated kidneys were infected, one experimental dog had bilateral pyelonephritis, and one control dog had unilateral pyelonephritis. Most of the infected kidneys had abnormal radiographic changes 9 to 10 days after induction of infection. There was no statistically significant radiographic change in size of infected kidneys at 9 to 10 days. Seven of the 11 infected kidneys and 7 of the 9 inoculated kidneys had renal pelvic and ureteral dilatation. Of the nine dogs with unilateral pyelonephritis, six had decreased opacity of contrast medium in the collecting system and of the vascular nephrogram on the infected side. The size of infected kidneys decreased progressively during the 58-day period. In one of the two dogs evaluated throughout the period, the collecting system of the infected kidney remained dilated; in the other, it returned toward normal size.
J Am Vet Med Assoc 1979 Dec 01
PMID:Radiographic findings in induced bacterial pyelonephritis in dogs. 51 44

The immune defense system of the kidney was studied by inducing ascending pyelonephritis in rats with Corynebacterium renale. With the fluorescent antibody technique, C renale organisms were observed in the renal pelvis, but were not coated with antibody until they reached the medulla. Histopathologic evaluation of renal tissues collected serially after inoculation confirmed the presence of infection in the medulla when antibody coating occurred. Serum anti-C renale antibody concentrations increased after antibody-coated bacteria appeared in the urine and kidney. Free anti-C renale antibody was not detected in urine from infected rats, using the microagglutination assay. Antibody coating appears to occur only after C renale organisms invade the medulla during ascending pyelonephritis.
Am J Vet Res 1979 Dec
PMID:Antibody formation in Corynebacterium renale-induced experimental pyelonephritis in the rat. 52 96

Twenty-eight cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis were studied in retrospect and difficulties in diagnosis and treatment are described. Awareness of the entity is the most effective safeguard against over-aggressive resection for this benign condition.
Br J Urol 1979 Dec
PMID:The underestimated hazards of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. 53 21

The laboratory rat was able to serve as a model for ascending pyelonephritis after implantation of a zinc disk coated with Corynebacterium renale into the urinary bladder because it satisfied three different criteria for infection. The production of an alkaline urine and the presence of significant numbers of C. renale in the kidneys, as well as distinct pyelonephritic lesions as revealed by histological examination, were observed in all rats infected with C. renale. Control rats that harbored sterile disks in their urinary bladders exhibited none of the above effects.
Infect Immun 1977 Dec
PMID:Experimental Rat model for Corynebacterium renale-induced pyelonephritis. 59 Oct 68

1. 448 patients with chronic pyelonephritis were treated over periods ranging from a minimum of 5 to a maximum of 15 years with our special form of intermittent long-term therapy with chemoprophylaxis in the intervals, the antibiotics - mostly in the form of combinations - and chemotherapeutics in the treatment-phases were always used only on the base of several antibiograms. During the last 11 years synergistic bactericidic combinations of antibiotics were used to an increasing degree. 2. A comparison of the efficacy of our form of therapy used now (since 1965/1966) with the results already published: 1966 (therapy span 1960-1965), 1970 (therapy span 1960-1969), and 1972 (therapy span 1960-1971) showed the following quotes of a transmission into a standstill (questionable healing) of the disease: 1966 (without periodic change of the urinary pH) 36,1% 1966 (with periodic change of the urinary pH) 69,4% 1970 (synergistic combinations of antibiotics) 68,3% 1972 (synergistic combinations of antibiotics) 78,7% 1976 (synergistic combinations of antibiotics) 82,1%. 3. On the basis of our results we consider the combinations of synergistic bactericidic antibiotics as a real enrichment of the therapy of chronic pyelonephritis.
Z Gesamte Inn Med 1977 Dec 01
PMID:[Value of antibiotic combination therapy in chronic pyelonephritis--study on a large number of patients over a period of 15 years]. 60 30

During the period from 1963 to 1976 28 patients among the congenital hydronephrosis cases underwent a repeated operation, which was performed within the terms from 13 days to 8 years after the first intervention. Most often the repeated nephrectomy became necessary due to the occurrence of marked changes in the tissues and renal functional loss. The failure of the first surgical correction resulted from tactical errors and gave rise to the development of severe pyelonephritis.
Vestn Khir Im I I Grek 1977 Dec
PMID:[Repeated surgery in congenital hydronephrosis in children]. 60 38

The latent and hypertonic forms of the course of compensated nephritides more frequently make difficulties concerning the differential diagnosis between a chronic glomerulonephritis and a chronic pyelonephritis. According to the results achieved the determination of the renal processes furthering homoeostasis gives the possibility to demarcate the two diseases. A certain reduction of the creatinine clearance (to less than 90 ml/min) and of the maximum water diuresis (to less than 10.0 per 100 ml glomerular filtrate) is suitable for the latent form of the chronic glomerulonephritis. On the other hand, a reduction of the ammonia secretion (to less than 35 per 100 ml glomerular (filtrate) and of the total H+-ion secretion (to less than 50 per 100 ml glomerular filtrate) in the determination after Alkinton is characteristic for the chronic pyelonephritis. In the hypertensive form of the course of the chronic glomerulonephritis in contrast to the same form in chronic pyelonephritis a reduction of the maximum water diuresis to less than 7.5, of the clearance of the "osmotically free" water to less than 6.0, of the titrable acidity to less than 25 is the result. Here the ammonia quotient transgresses 45%. In chronic pyelonephritis the titrable acidity in considerably increased and the ammonia genesis relatively decreased (to less than 45%).
Z Urol Nephrol 1977 Dec
PMID:[Determination of homeostatic kidney function in the diagnosis of chronic glomerulonephritis]. 60 91


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