Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cefpirome (HR 810) is a new cephalosporin with a 2,3-cyclopentenopyridine group in the 3-position side chain. It was compared with other cephem antibiotics in protective and therapeutic effects on various experimental infections, systemic and local, in mice and rats. HR 810 had more potent protective effect than ceftazidime (CAZ), cefoperazone (CPZ), and cefotaxime (CTX) on systemic infections induced by Escherichia coli Ec-31, Staphylococcus aureus SMITH, and Serratia marcescens Sm-6 in mice. Against systemic infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa HR 810 was as effective as CAZ. Mice with leukopenia induced by cyclophosphamide were systemically infected with methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), Enterobacter cloacae, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and Enterococcus faecalis. HR 810 was superior to cefuzonam (CZON) and cefmetazole against MRSA and MSSA and was much more active than any other antibiotics tested against E. cloacae and A. calcoaceticus. In the activity against E. faecalis, HR 810 was inferior to ampicillin but superior to CZON. In mice with pyelonephritis caused by E. coli Ec-7, the rank order of activities was HR 810 greater than CAZ greater than CTX greater than CPZ. HR 810 was more effective than latamoxef, CAZ, CTX, and CPZ in improving lung infections induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae HL 438 and Klebsiella pneumoniae Kp-51 in mice. HR 810 was superior to CTX and CPZ and comparable to cefazolin in therapeutic effects on intrauterine infections with E. coli Ec-89 and S. aureus SMITH in rats.
 ...
PMID:Therapeutic effects of cefpirome, a new cephalosporin, on various models of infections in mice and rats. 219 11

The efficacy and safety of cefpirome was reviewed from the documentation of comparative pivotal trials in patients with urinary tract or lower respiratory tract infections UTIs and LRTIs, respectively). A majority of patients with UTIs had pyelonephritis and/or complicated UTIs. Most patients with LRTIs had community acquired pneumonia. Studies of UTI included 865 patients treated with cefpirome 1 g bid and 443 patients allocated to ceftazidime 1 g bid. Satisfactory clinical outcome was reported in 87% and 83%, respectively. Eradication of organisms causing bacteriuria was achieved in 87% and 86%, respectively. In the LRTI trials 199 patients received cefpirome 1 g bid and in 653 patients it was dosed 2 g bid. Comparators were ceftazidime 2 g bid (N = 197) or 2 g tid (N = 296) or ceftriaxone 1 g bid (N = 77). With all treatments unsatisfactory clinical or bacteriological outcome was recorded in < 15% of the patients. The safety of cefpirome and comparators was evaluated in pivotal phase II and III studies and deaths were analysed in all clinical trials for which data were available by June 30th 1991. Cefpirome did not differ from comparators in terms of frequencies or distribution within body systems of adverse events. Death rates were 3.9% in 9189 patients receiving cefpirome and 5.1% in 3162 receiving a comparator. The deaths were in an absolute majority of cases not considered related to study drug given. The most common cause of death was infection, indicating that the trial samples were selected from populations of patients with serious infections. Cefpirome was as safe and efficaceous as its comparators and is a new injectable cephalosporin with broader spectrum than ceftazidime. It should be a suitable alternative for empiric treatment of serious infections in hospitalised patients.
 ...
PMID:Cefpirome: efficacy in the treatment of urinary and respiratory tract infections and safety profile. 829 Sep 2

Two hundred and two isolates of gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens of urinary tract infection were tested for their susceptibility to cefpirome. In 64 to 97 per cent of the cases the susceptibility was high and exceeded that of other cephalosporins used in the treatment of urological patients. Cefpirome was used in the treatment of 26 patients with signs of urinary tract infection: 19 patients with pyelonephritis and 7 patients with prostatitis. The antibiotic was administered intravenously in a dose of 1 g twice a day for the treatment course of 5-7-10 days. The clinical and bacteriological efficacies amounted to 92 and 87 per cent respectively. The drug tolerance was good. The results demonstrated that cefpirome was useful in the empirical therapy of urinary tract infection.
 ...
PMID:[Effectiveness of cefpirome in the treatment of complicated infections of the upper and lower urinary tracts]. 912 83