Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hosts were depleted of individual cellular components to determine the effects of these manipulations on cellular defence mechanisms in acute and chronic pyelonephritis. T-lymphocytes were found to have little or no involvement in host protection but cyclosporin A administration had a dramatic effect on the gross pathology and bacteriological status of experimentally induced pyelonephritis. This change represented a major depression of host defence status. Cyclosporin A also activated resolved lesions in chronic pyelonephritis, associated with an increase in bacterial numbers. Administration of antineutrophil serum also led to a 1000-fold increase in bacterial numbers in the acute phase but had little effect on the host-parasite balance in chronic pyelonephritis. Macrophage blockade, on the other hand, did not affect the course of either acute or chronic infection. These studies have provided additional information on the immunobiology of experimental pyelonephritis and have focussed attention on the role of neutrophils, and an unidentified mechanism, affected by cyclosporin A, in host defence to renal infection.
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PMID:Cellular basis of host defence in pyelonephritis. III. Deletion of individual components. 304 66

An ascending urinary tract infection was induced by transurethral instillation of Escherichia coli mice which had an impaired T cell function from the administration of cyclosporine (impaired T cell function group). We investigated the time course fluctuation of local immune response at the infected sites in terms of immune response cells as compared with that in normal mice (control group). 100 mg/kg of Cyclosporine was administered a total of 4 times at 7, 5, 3 days and 1 day before the day of infection. Using this method of administration, the T cell function, for which we used delayed type hypersensitivity as an indicator, significantly suppressed the impaired T cell function group. When the ascending urinary tract infection was induced by Escherichia coli, the occurrence of pyelonephritis increased and the survival rate significantly decreased in the impaired T cell function group compared to the control group, indicating a high incidence of infection. By the time course observation of the immune response cells at the infected sites, marked infiltration of neutrophils was recognized in the impaired T cell function group as compared with that in the control group and such infiltration remained on the same higher level thereafter. On the other hand, T, B cell infiltration was weaker in the impaired T cell function group compared to the control group. It was therefore suggested that other immune response cells compensated for the infiltration of T cells when their function was suppressed, and that these cells on the whole possibly responded toward the preservation of their protective mechanism against infection.
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PMID:[Study on local immune response in mice with an impaired function of T cells--in Escherichia coli induced experimental urinary tract infection]. 796 98

Core biopsies have been done by ultrasound assisted 18-G disposable needles with a spring loaded gun (Biopty) system in 140 renal transplant cases either for investigation of an early non-functioning graft or evaluation of deteriorating graft functions. The biopsy procedure was successfully completed in 99.5% and sufficient amount of renal tissue was obtained in 88% of cases. The pathological diagnoses were confirmed 100% by the other clinical parameters of cases with acute cellular rejection, pyelonephritis, acute tubular necrosis and there was disease recurrence. In another 8 patients (6%) where the pathological picture was showing either no or nonspecific changes there was no major change in clinical outcome. In addition, clinical diagnoses of chronic vascular rejection and Cyclosporin A toxicity were confirmed in 93.7% and 91.7%, respectively, in biopsies of these cases. Complications were seen in 3 patients as a bowel perforation, intra-abdominal bleeding and formation of an intrarenal arterio-venous fistula. In former two complicated cases there was no need for any extra treatment but the arterio-venous fistula was successfully embolized through an angiography catheter without losing the graft. We conclude that the Biopty system is more efficient than the fine needle aspiration biopsy especially when the pathological diagnosis can be made upon tissue components rather than cells alone.
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PMID:Core needle biopsy in renal transplantation. 858 5

We describe a clinical case of two patients who received a cadaveric renal graft from the same donor in a multi-organ extraction procedure. The donor was a 39-years-old woman who died of intracranial tumour. A benign ganglioma was shown in biopsy. The two recipients received the same immunosuppressive regimen. Induction comprised cyclosporin A, steroids and basiliximab while cyclosporin A and steroids were used in maintenance immunosuppression. The A patient was a 53-year-old woman with chronic renal failure due to chronic pyelonephritis. She had been undergoing periodic haemodialysis for five years. She was hospitalised for sciatic pain refractory to rest and analgesics 35 days after transplantation. Two days later, her graft function deteriorated. Ultrasonography ruled out a urinary tract obstruction. Cyclosporine levels was normal. It was interpreted as an acute rejection episode and was treated with boluses of methylprednisolone (500 mg for 3 days). At the same time, her right leg began to show paraesthesia, coldness and a decreased arterial pulse. A spinal magnetic nuclear resonance was performed. It showed an aneurysm of right common iliac artery (fig. 1). An arteriography confirmed the existence of a pseudoaneurysm and an arteriovenous fistula to inferior vena cava (fig. 2). The B recipient was a 56-year-old woman with chronic renal failure due to chronic pyelonephritis. She required haemodialysis for two years. In the 4th month after transplantation her graft function deteriorated. Graft biopsy did not show acute cellular rejection, so she was kept on immunosuppressive treatment. A second graft biopsy was taken and no changes with the previous one was observed. Renal function deteriorated and haemodialysis was required. During the 6th month she began to show paraesthesia, coldness and decreased arterial pulse in her right leg. Ultrasonography showed pyelocaliectasis with an adjacent solid-liquid mass, abdominal CT scan confirmed. Arteriography proved the presence of a pseudoaneurysm of the right common iliac artery (fig. 3). Transplantectomy and pseudoaneurysm resection was performed in the two cases. Culture analysis revealed fungi identified as Aspergillus in both pseudoaneurysms. Medical treatment was started immediately with liposomal amphotericin B. The clinical evolution of the two recipients were different. While recipient A died, B patient recovered, requiring haemodialysis.
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PMID:[Vascular Aspergillus infection in two recipients of kidneys from the same donor]. 1521 65