Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A long-term study of 17 patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria revealed an unexpectedly high incidence of functional and anatomic renal abormalities. All patients demonstrated varying degrees of hematuria and proteinuria distinct from hemoglobinuria. All patients also had granular casts in multiple urinalyses. Evaluation of renal function revealed hyposthenuria, abnormal tubular function and declining creatinine clearance. Radiologically, one or more of these demonstrated enlarged kidneys, renal cortical infarcts and thinning, papillary necrosis, acute renal atrophy, retroperitoneal hematoma and ureteral infarction, which were confirmed by autopsy studies. Hypertension developed in 7 patients. Urinary tract infection was uncommon and no patient had a clinical history compatible with chronic or acute pyelonephritis. Contrary to usual opinion our compatible clearly showed evidence of frequent and widespread renal pathology in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria most likely due to repeated microvascular thromboses similar to the venous trombosis involving other organs in this disorder. Since most of these patients present initially to urologists knowledge of this entity is mandatory.
J Urol 1975 Sep
PMID:Urologic manifestations of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. 114 29

The short-term prognosis of 116 school girls with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) treated or left untreated is reported. In untreated girls a spontaneous remission was obtained in 11% within one year. A short course of nitrofurantoin eliminated the bacteriuria in 93% of the girls in the treatment group. The recurrence rate was 30% in one year in the patients that became abacteriuric spontaneously, after a bladder washout test or after treatment with penicillin or nitrofurantoin. The first recurrence occurred withn 3 months in 79% (19/24). Nineteen of the 24 patients with recurrences (79%) had a third infection within 9 months. In patients with parenchymal reduction or reflux the renal concentrating capacity increased significantly after treatment of the bacteriuria. All the girls left untreated had normal renal concentrating capacity on detection and this remained unchanged during the year of follow-up. One of 28 untreated girls attracted a symptomatic pyelonephritis caused by a strain different from that at detection of ABU. Of 81 girls cured from the bacteriuria 24 recurred, 5 with a symptomatic pyelonephritis and 3 with cystitis. It is concluded that strains isolated from girls with ABU do not commonly cause symptomatic pyelonephritis.
Acta Paediatr Scand 1975 Sep
PMID:Asymptomatic bacteriuria in school girls. V. The clinical course and response to treatment. 116 92

Urinary lactic dehydrogenase (U-LDH) isoenzyme assays were performed on ch2) as well as normal controls (N = 24). Docuemntation of bladder and kidney infection was accomplished by means of the bladder washout test, culture of ureteric urine (in patients with urinary diversion), kidney function studies including the maximal urine concentration test, clinical symptomatology and radiologic appearance of the urinary tract. Total U-LDH in normal children (10.8 +/- 1 mU/ml) was lower than in patients with bladder (27.0 +/- 3.9 mU/ml) or kidney (226 +/- 67.3 mU/ml) infections (P less than 0.005). In normal children isoenzymes 1 and 2 predominated (LDH-1 migrates fastest to anode -- fast zone pattern). In patients with bladder infections, the isoenzyme patterns varied but the concentration of isoenzyme 5 (3.1 +/- 0.8 mU/ml) was lower (P less than 0.005) than in patients with kidney infections (120 +/- 39 mU/ml). In the latter, isoenzymes 4 and 5 predominated (slow zone pattern). Since overlap between kidney and bladder infections regarding isoenzyme 5 concentrations (at 3 SD) occurred in only one individual (patient 37), a correct differential diagnosis using U-LDH-5 alone would have been possible in 94% of the children with pyelonephritis or 97% of the total patient population (kidney + bladder).
Kidney Int 1975 Sep
PMID:Urinary lactic dehydrogenase isoenzyme 5 in the differential diagnosis of kidney and bladder infections. 117 77

Marked calcification in a horseshoe kidney of a Black patient in terminal renal failure is described. The role of pyelonephritis in producing the severe calcification in a horseshoe kidney is discussed. One of the complications of a horseshoe kidney is renal stone.
S Afr Med J 1975 Sep 06
PMID:Severe calcification in a horseshoe kidney. A case report. 117 29

The obstetric experiences of 128 gravidas delivered at Charlotte Memorial Hospital in 1973 who, on hemoglobin electrophoresis, exhibited an SA pattern of hemoglobin are reviewed. In addition to previously reported complications of increased rates of pyelonephritis and refractory anemia, this group of patients exhibited a marked increase in premature rupture of membranes and prematurity. It is suggested that the routine screening procedures be used for discovering sickle-cell trait individuals and that they be categorized as "high-risk" obstetric patients because of the increased complication rates described here and by previous authors.
Am J Obstet Gynecol 1975 Sep 01
PMID:Sickle-cell trait and pregnancy: A review of a community hospital experience. 118 Feb 85

A clinical and roentgenographic analysis of 13 patients with pathologically proved xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (X-P) has demonstrated that many previously accepted truisms associated with this disease may not be valid. As a result of this study it is suggested that X-P: 1. Does have a prominant female distribution. 2. May arise relatively acutely. 3. Can be associated with a well-functioning kidney. 4. May destroy the kidney and collecting system. 5. Does not demonstrate neovascularity. 6. Can be distinguished angiographically from hypernephroma. 7. May be associated with diabetes. Other important facts were again observed: 1. X-P is still often associated with staghorn calculi and urinary tract obstruction. 2. Proteus mirabilis is the main offending organism.
Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med 1975 Sep
PMID:New thoughts concerning xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (X-P). 120 Feb 8

The importance of reflux-pyelonephritis in children and adults is discussed. Important leading-symptoms are the incontinence after the age of four besides the cystoureteritis, which is resistant to all kinds of therapy. Following the discussion of the etiopathogenesis of the reflux and its consequences, the symptomatic of the reflux is described in detail and a diagnostic program is given. Extended urological diagnosis includes intravenous urography with preceeding x-ray-examination, reflux cystogram and cystourethrogram during urination. An essential emprovement of these diagnostic measures for the recording of the vesicoureteral reflux is the recording by the 100-mm-cutfilm-camera. Indications for surgical measures and the operative proceeding are discussed.
Fortschr Med 1975 Sep 25
PMID:[Vesicorenal reflux. Morphological diagnosis and indications for anti-reflux plasty]. 122 24

Pyelonephritis-associated pilus (Pap) expression is regulated by a phase variation control mechanism involving PapB, Papl, catabolite activator protein (CAP), leucine-responsive regulatory protein (Lrp) and deoxyadenosine methylase (Dam). Lrp and Papl bind to a specific non-methylated pap regulatory DNA region containing the sequence 'GATC' and facilitate the formation of an active transcriptional complex. Evidence indicates that binding of Lrp and Papl to this region inhibits methylation of the GATC site by Dam. However, if this GATC site is first methylated by Dam, binding of Lrp and Papl is inhibited. These events lead to the formation of two different pap methylation states characteristic of active (ON) and inactive (OFF) pap transcription states. The fae (K88), daa (F1845) and sfa (S) pilus operons share conserved 'GATC-box' domains with pap and may be subject to a similar regulatory control mechanism involving Lrp and DNA methylation.
Mol Microbiol 1992 Sep
PMID:Evidence for global regulatory control of pilus expression in Escherichia coli by Lrp and DNA methylation: model building based on analysis of pap. 135 27

The term pyelonephritis, which denotes infection of the renal pelvis and of the renal tissue, covers a spectrum of entities, the gravity and hence treatment of which depend upon the organism, its sensitivity to antibiotics, the presence or absence of urinary tract obstruction, and the host's background. The common form affects young females, is due to uropathogenic but multisensitive strains of Escherichia coli, and is easily treated by a 10- to 20-day course of antibiotic(s). In males, children and immunocompromised patients, renal and urinary tract imaging is necessary to determine the cause of the infection, the severity of the lesions and thus to guide the duration of treatment, which comprises antibiotic combinations for several weeks. Pyelonephritis during pregnancy may be serious, and treatment is restricted to certain antibiotics. Aminoglycosides, amino- or carboxypenicillins (alone or associated with clavulanic acid), ureidopenicillins (e.g. mezlocillin, piperacillin), fluoroquinolones (e.g. ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin), cephalosporins, monobactams (e.g. aztreonam), carbapenems (e.g. imipenem) and the combination of trimethoprim plus a sulphonamide [e.g. cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole)] offer a wide choice of bactericidal agents which may be used for the treatment of pyelonephritis. However, the selection among them also depends on availability, antimicrobial spectrum, tolerance and cost.
Drugs 1992 Sep
PMID:Diagnosis and drug treatment of acute pyelonephritis. 138 34

Given the high morbi-mortality of foot infections among the diabetics and the poor knowledge of their predictive, clinical and evolutive factors, we have retrospectively studied a group of patients with these characteristics, comparing them with infections among diabetics affecting other locations. We studied 66 infections among diabetics: 34 patients with diabetic's foot and 32 with infections at other locations: 20 pyelonephritis and 12 pneumonias. Medical records were obtained in all cases and all patients underwent a complete physical exploration in order to assess their risk factors. We observed as a significant predictive factor of diabetic's foot, diabetes type I, with an evolution longer than 10 years, neuropathy, vasculopathy or retinopathy. From the clinical point of view and compared with the other infections, these patients showed longer hospitalization, greater initial clinical severity, glucemias higher than 200 mgr/l., anemia and high GSR. Ethiologically, the infection of diabetic's foot was polymicrobian in 42.3% of all cases, being S. aureus the microorganism more frequently isolated. On the contrary, in infections at other locations, monomicrobian flora was more frequent, being E. coli the most frequent in pyelonephritis and S. pneumoniae in pneumonias. The evolution was satisfactory in all cases, with a close medical and surgical combined treatment and the appropriate use of antibiotic combinations, mainly clindamicine + tobramicine in the diabetic's foot and cefuroxime in the other locations.
An Med Interna 1992 Sep
PMID:[Infections in the diabetic. Comparative study of infections in the foot and other locations]. 139 75


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