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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Experimental retrograde E. coli pyelonephritis was produced in rats. The study covered the period from 6-24 hours up to 6 months. Macrophages in the renal tissue were studied using immunofluorescence staining for bacterial E. coli antigen and histochemical staining for aicd phosphatase. A comparison of sections stained according to the two methods showed that antigen-containing macrophages in nearly all cases yielded a positive reaction for acid phosphatase. On the other hand, in several kidneys acid phosphatase-positive macrophages occurred which in consecutive sections studied by immunofluorescence did not contain antigen. The possibility of using staining for acid phosphatase as a screening method for the detection of active, antigen-containing macrophages in human chronic pyelonephritis is discussed.
Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand A 1975 Sep
PMID:Bacterial antigen and acid phosphatase in macrophages in experimental pyelonephritis. 5 78

The ability to become attached to normal epithelial cells from the urinary tract was much greater in Escherichia coli bacteria isolated from the urine of patients with acute symptomatic pyelonephritis or cystitis than in those isolated from the urine of patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria. Attachment of the bacteria could be prevented by incubation in urine containing antibodies against the strain tested. The ability to attach to uroepithelial cells might be a virulence factor for E. coli strains which cause symptomatic urinary-tract infection.
Lancet 1976 Sep 04
PMID:Variable adherence to normal human urinary-tract epithelial cells of Escherichia coli strains associated with various forms of urinary-tract infection. 7 61

Pyelonephritis followed ureteral inoculation of bacteria in both infant and adult monkeys. Because of the frequency of reflux in infants this was done by bladder inoculation, although ureteral inoculation was necessary in adults. The longer duration of bacteriuria in infants may be attributable to a relative immunodeficiency.
Invest Urol 1978 Sep
PMID:Experimental pyelonephritis in the monkey. VI. Infection of infants versus adults. 10 79

The rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) proved to be a successful model for the ultrastructural study of ascending nonobstructive pyelonephritis. The most severe kidney damage occurred where the inflammatory response was greatest, and these areas overlaid a dilated or clubbed calyx. The most prominent ultrastructural changes were in the renal tubular cells that showed swollen mitochondria with ruptured inner membranes, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, and flocculent and irregular basal laminae. No recognizable bacterial structures were seen.
Invest Urol 1978 Sep
PMID:Chronic pyelonephritis. An electron microscopic study in nonhuman primates. 10 81

The ultrastructure of the ureter in the nonhuman primate is described. In experimentally produced chronic pyelonephritis, the ureter shows extensive ultrastructural changes throughout the wall. The epithelium has cellular damage progressing from the basal cells to the superficial cells. There is an invasion of leukocytes into the intercellular spaces at all levels. The connective tissue layer seems thickened with an increase in active fibroblasts, leukocytes, collagen, and elastic fibers. There are various stages of damage in the smooth muscle layer and an abnormal increase of connective tissues between bundles and smooth muscle cells. The interdigitating nexuses seem stretched and altered. The changes are similar to those seen in ureteral obstruction and are assumed to be reparative.
Invest Urol 1979 Sep
PMID:Chronic pyelonephritis. Electron microscopic study. III. The ureter. 11 82

Urine (24-hour-specimen, 100-fold concentrated) and serum samples from adults with chronic pyelonephritis have been investigated for O antibody against the strain isolated from the urine by means of the indirect hemagglutination and indirect immunofluorescence technique. Using the hemagglutination technique about one third of the urine showed the presence of O antibody. The highest titer demonstrated was 1:16. O antibody determined by the immunofluorescence technique could be demonstrated in 54.9% of the urine samples. Titers up to 1:256 were found. Serum O antibody corresponded to those found in adults with chronic pyelonephritis. In general there was no correlation between urine and serum O antibody. The diagnostic and prognostic value of the results is discussed.
Zentralbl Bakteriol Orig A 1977 Sep
PMID:[Urinary and serum o-antibodies in patients with chronic pyelonephritis (author's transl)]. 33 6

A study was made of 268 cultures isolated from the urine of 263 children suffering from pyelonephritis. Of the total number of different cultures E. coli constituted 79.3 percent; the percentage of the rest varied from 5.2 to 0.4. Examination of 87 urinocultures of E. coli isolated from sick children with the specific immune response showed that the majority of bacterial signs (urease activity, capacity to produce alpha-hemolysin to utilize saccharose and raffinose, to synthesize colicine) failed to correlate with their pyelopathogenicity. The reference to individual serological groups also failed to serve as a sufficient foundation for the separation of these microbes into individual nephropathogenic or pyelopathogenic groups. In experiments with 3H-glucose labeled bacteria there was revealed a marked adhesive capacity in 94 percent of E. coli strains towards the epithelial cells of the RH strain. A positive radioactive label failed to correlate with the presence in E. coli of common pili and with the bacterial agglutinability with the sera K88, K99, and KH-III. The latter pointed to the presence of a factor of unknown nature in the nephropathogenic E. coli strains imparting adhesive properties to bacteria.
Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol 1977 Sep
PMID:[Characteristics of microbial cultures in bacteriuria and various data on the immunological reaction in children with pyelonephritis]. 33 27

The ability to adhere to normal human uroepithelial cells was compared for Escherichia coli strains isolated from the urine of girls with acute pyelonephritis, acute cystitis, or asymptomatic bacteriuria, and from the stools of school children without bacteriuria. Strains from those with acute pyelonephritis had high adhesive ability, whereas strains from those with acute cystitis had intermediate and strains from girls with asymptomatic bacteriuria or from normal feces had low adhesive ability. Strains of serogroup O4K12 had good adherence regardless of origin. E. coli of the eight O groups commonly found in patients with acute pyelonephritis adhered more than did strains of other O groups. Spontaneously agglutinating strains had less adhesive ability than did the O-typable ones.
J Pediatr 1978 Sep
PMID:Adhesion to normal human uroepithelial cells of Escherichia coli from children with various forms of urinary tract infection. 35 93

Sera from seven girls with acute symptomatic pyelonephritis and nine children with acute symptomatic cystitis caused by Proteus mirabilis were analysed for antibodies against the bacterial O and H1 antigens and the Tamm-Horsfall protein. An increase in antibody levels against O antigen and Tamm-Horsfall protein was noted only in patients with acute pyelonephritis indicating that antibody determinations can be useful in differentiating between upper and lower urinary tract infection caused by Proteus in similarity to those caused by E. coli. In contrast no difference in adhesive ability was noted comparing Proteus strains causing acute pyelonephritis or cystitis.
Acta Paediatr Scand 1978 Sep
PMID:Urinary tract infections caused by Proteus mirabilis in children. The antibody response to O and H antigens and Tamm-Horsfall protein and bacterial adherence to uro-epithelium. 35 36

Ascending nonobstructive pyelonephritis was produced in nonhuman primates by ureteral catheterization which delivered Escherichia coli (04:H1) to the renal pelvis while creating intrarenal reflux. Female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were immunosuppressed by cyclophosphamide before infection and weekly thereafter and compared to those with infection only. Kidney tissue was examined by electron microscopy in an effort to compare the development of the infection in the two groups of monkeys, i.e., immunocompetent and immunosuppressed. Reorganization of bacterial cytoplasm into small dense bodies (averaging 250 A in diameter) was seen in two of the suppressed animals. These particles were within bacteria that were either free in the medullary interstitium or in macrophages. Clusters of electron-dense bodies of the same size and morphology were also seen within subendothelial spaces of glomerular capillaries. Protoplast-like forms were observed within the medullary interstitium. One cell wall-less form contained particles (as previously described) within a large peripheral vesical. Gross pyelonephritic scarring occurred in all immunosuppressed animals. This study has shown morphologically that classical bacterial organisms placed into the intact kidneys of partially immunoincompetent nonhuman primates will cause pyelonephritis and continue to exist for 18 days. These observations of the futile efforts by suppressed populations of leukocytes to clear intrarenal bacteria raise interesting questions about the host-paradise relationship in chronic renal infection.
Invest Urol 1978 Sep
PMID:Chronic pyelonephritis. Electron microscopic study. II. Persistence of variant bacterial forms. 36 29


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