Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Over a 5-year period (November 1984-November 1989), we treated 356 patients with ureteric calculi; 170 were treated by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) on a Dornier HM-3 lithotriptor. The calculi (n = 176) were uniformly distributed along the length of the ureter: 44 were just below the pelviureteric junction, 59 were lumbo-iliac, 42 were in the upper bony pelvis and 32 in the lower bony pelvis. The mean diameter of the upper ureteric calculi was 10 mm and for the others it was 8 mm. Thirty-four patients with acute obstructive pyelonephritis required pre-ESWL drainage of the urine. X-ray localisation required intravenous urography during lithotripsy in 52 cases (30%). On plain X-ray the following day 170 stones (96%) were judged to have disintegrated. The 6 patients whose stones were not fragmented received further treatment (ureterotomy (4) and ureteroscopy (2)). Five patients required additional treatment because of pain or fever (catheterisation (3) and ureterotomy (2)) and 2 patients had a second lithotripsy owing to insufficient fragmentation. Four patients were lost to follow-up. In 153 patients (90%) the fragments were eliminated completely, 146 in the first month and the remainder before the sixth month. No serious sequelae were observed. In addition to the 5 patients who required supplementary treatment. 11 patients with pain or fever needed medical treatment. We recommend first intention in situ ESWL for all ureteric calculi.
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PMID:Extracorporeal lithotripsy of ureteric calculi using the Dornier HM-3 lithotriptor. 148 85

Clinical experience with 2738 patients treated by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy between March 1985 and December 1988 is reported. All treatments were performed with the Dornier HM-3 lithotriptor. 34% of the patients needed auxiliary measures, consisting primarily of urological manipulation to improve urinary drainage or for better localization and/or focussing of the stones. Severe complications were rare; urosepticemia occurred in 0.3%, 2 patients had to undergo nephrectomy because of abscessing pyelonephritis, and there was one death due to recurrent pulmonary embolism in a patient with polycythemia vera. ESWL was used for stones in the entire upper urinary tract. The stone free rate for pelvic calculi smaller than 2 cm was 79% three months after treatment; a further 16% showed desintegrated material smaller than 5 mm, augmenting the success rate to 95%. The success rate dropped to 74% for very large renal stones of more than 4 cm. A stone free rate of 84-96% was ascertained for ureteral calculi 3 months after ESWL. Absolute contraindications for ESWL are acute pyelonephritis, coagulation disorders and pregnancy. The patients must tolerate anesthesia, as most treatments with this lithotriptor must be carried out under peridural or general anesthesia and only in a few exceptional cases is treatment in sedoanalgesia possible. ESWL is now generally accepted in view of its negligible invasiveness, low morbidity and the high success rate. Modern treatment of urinary calculi is inconceivable without considering ESWL.
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PMID:[Clinical experiences with extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy]. 279 24

During ESWL monotherapy for staghorn calculi, the formation of a stone street in the ureter is often encountered, and can be a troublesome problem. At the Komaki Shimin Hospital, 75 patients with staghorn calculi were treated with ESWL monotherapy using a Dornier HM-3 lithotriptor between October 1987 and August 1992. Among them, three patients had involvement of both collecting systems. An indwelling double J catheter was always inserted during treatment. Our strategy for the treatment of stone street was as follows; observation was initially performed for one month after ESWL, as long as pyelonephritis and/or complete obstruction did not occur. In the patients without any improvement of the stone street, TUL or ESWL was then performed for removal. A stone street (stone fragments extending > or = 4 cm) was formed in 38 of 78 renal units (49%). In 14 cases (37%), it disappeared spontaneously. TUL was required in 14 unit (37%), ESWL in eight units (21%), and both procedures in two units (5%). In one unit (3%), renal function was severely damaged. In another unit, ureteric perforation occurred during the TUL procedure, and caused stone loss outside the ureter. To clarify the factors causing stone street, we compared the number of shock waves, the size of the stones, the severity of hydronephrosis and renal function in stone street formers and non-formers. However there were no significant differences among these factors. In conclusion, since it is impossible to predict stone street formation after ESWL monotherapy for staghorn calculi, patency of the indwelling double J catheter should be maintained and stone removal should be attempted after one month if necessary.
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PMID:[Treatment of stone street after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of staghorn calculi]. 763 40