Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Beta-glucuronidase (beta-Glu) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were evaluated in serum and urine in 50 subjects classified into five equal groups. Group I was control healthy subjects, while groups II, III, IV, and V were patients with nephritic syndrome, pyelonephritis, kidney rejection, and end-stage renal disease, respectively. Urinary beta-Glu was significantly elevated in all four groups; while serum enzyme showed no change. On the other hand, serum ALP showed a significant elevation in all abnormal groups. Accordingly, urinary beta-Glu and serum ALP could be used as diagnostic markers for various renal diseases.
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PMID:Determination of urinary and serum beta-glucuronidase and alkaline phosphatase in various renal disease and kidney rejection transplanted patients. 1079 80

An increased frequency of infections has been reported in patients with chronic liver disease. The tendency of patients in this population to acquire UTI is not completely understood. We aimed at investigating the incidence of UTI in children with cirrhosis, before liver transplantation. Twenty-six children (9 girls, 17 boys; mean age, 7.66 +/- 5.73 yr) with chronic liver disease who had undergone liver transplantation between 2002 and 2004 were included. On admission for liver transplantation, patients were examined for presence of UTI. Serum biochemistry, complete blood cell count, urinalysis and culture, glomerular filtration rate, and abdominal ultrasonography were performed prior to liver transplantation. Ten of 26 patients (38.5%) were found to have symptomatic UTI. Urine cultures revealed E. coli in five (50%), Klebsiella pneumoniae in three (30%), Enterococcus faecalis in one (10%), and Enterobacter aeruginosa in one (10%) patient(s), respectively, as etiologic factors. The etiologies of chronic liver disease in our patients with UTI were BA in five, PFIC in three, Wilson's disease in one, and alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency in one patient. We found a significantly greater number of UTIs in patients with biliary atresia than in those without biliary atresia (p < 0.05). The mean age of the patients with UTI was 2.75 +/- 3.49 yr, which was significantly lower than in those without UTI (9.75 +/- 4.86 yr, p < 0.05). Levels for white blood cells, thrombocytes, ALT, and alkaline phosphatase were significantly higher in patients with UTI than in those without UTI. There were no significant differences between the groups with regard to serum albumin, bilirubin, AST, GGT, BUN, or creatinine levels, glomerular filtration rate, duration of disease, and PELD scores. In patients with bacteriuria, renal USG revealed normal findings in all, but except one patient who had pelvicalyceal dilatation. Scintigraphic findings demonstrated acute pyelonephritis in six (60%) patients with UTI. VCUG demonstrated vesicoureteral reflux in two patients. In conclusion, symptomatic UTI is common in children with cirrhosis. It occurs more frequently in patients with biliary atresia than it does in patients with other types of chronic liver disease. In febrile children with chronic liver disease, UTI should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
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PMID:Frequency of urinary tract infection in pediatric liver transplantation candidates. 1749 20

Urinary lactic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and lysozyme determinations were performed on 70 patients with various kidney diseases such as acute and chronic pyelonephritis, acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, diabetic nephropathy, nephrosclerosis, lupus nephritis, analgesic nephropathy, gouty nephropathy, renal tuberculosis, renal lithiasis, and polycystic kidneys. Fifty-three of these patients had elevated levels of urinary lactic dehydrogenase, but this was not of any value in determining the etiology of the renal disease. Similarly, the elevation of alkaline phosphatase in 23 of the 70 had no etiological significance. Neither of these determinations was significant in indicating the degree of renal functional impairment or prognosis. The urinary lysozyme was significantly elevated in only five of the 70 patients and was of no value in indicating the presence or the seriousness of the underlying renal disease.
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PMID:Urinary lactic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and lysozyme studies in renal disease. 2032 65

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialysis have poor overall survival, and cardiovascular (CV) is the main cause of mortality among these patients. Coronary calcification is an independent predictor of mortality and CV events in dialysis patients and can be accessed by using a computerized tomography scanning. The high cost of this procedure, however, precludes routine implementation of this method for the purposes of risk stratification. Aortic arch calcification has been associated with CV mortality in the general population. Also, vascular calcification beyond the thoracic aorta has been shown to be associated with mortality in ESRD patients. We presented here a case of a young patient with ESRD in which the coronary calcification could be cleared seen through simple chest radiography. This is a 35-year-old man with a history of ESRD secondary to pyelonephritis, who was receiving conventional hemodialysis thrice a week for the last 5 years. He was submitted to chest radiography as part of routine annual cardiac screening. His blood pressure was within the target limits, although much higher in lower limbs, generating a high ankle brachial index of 1.3. He also had secondary hyperparathyroidism. His physical examination was unremarkable, except for the presence of non-functioning arteriovenous fistulas in both arms and a central venous catheter. The last routine blood test showed calcium 9.0 mg/dL, phosphate 5.7 mg/dL, potassium 4.7 mEq/L, creatinine 7.4 mg/dL, alkaline phosphatase 175 U/L, and parathyroid hormone 1,745 pg/mL. Surprisingly, the chest radiography revealed a calcified aortic valve and a calcified coronary artery. This patient had sudden cardiac death few months after this radiography had been taken. We present here a case of coronary calcification that can be seen through simple chest radiography. Such images are not usually seen, although the risk of vascular calcification is high in this population, and is closely related to CV risk. Chest radiographs, nearly universally available provide a method for assessing coronary artery calcification. Such a finding is intriguing and should alert nephrologists and cardiologists for the high risk of CV death in these patients.
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PMID:Coronary Artery Calcification Seen Through Chest Radiography. 2625 90


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