Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a very common extraintestinal infection, and Escherichia coli is by far the most common causative organism. Uropathogenic E. coli possess traits that distinguish them from commensal strains of E. coli, such as secretion systems that allow virulence factors to be targeted to extracytoplasmic compartments. One of at least five characterized secretion mechanisms is the autotransporter system, which involves translocation of a protein across the inner membrane, presumably via the sec system, and across the outer membrane through a beta-barrel porin structure formed by the carboxy-terminus autotransporter domain. We identified a 107 kDa protein that was expressed significantly more often by E. coli strains associated with the clinical syndrome of acute pyelonephritis than by faecal strains (P = 0.029). We isolated the protein from E. coli CFT073, a strain cultured from the blood and urine of a patient with acute pyelonephritis. The N-terminal amino acid sequence showed highest similarity to two known SPATE (serine protease autotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae) proteins, Pet and EspC. Using a 509 bp probe from the 5' region of pet, 10 cosmid clones of an E. coli CFT073 gene library were positive for hybridization. From one cosmid clone, a 7.5 kb EcoRI restriction fragment, which reacted strongly with the probe, was shown to include the entire 3885 bp gene. The predicted 142 kDa protein product possesses the three domains that are typical of SPATE autotransporters: an unusually long signal sequence of 49 amino acids; a 107 kDa passenger domain containing a consensus serine protease active site (GDSGSG); and a C-terminal autotransporter domain of 30 kDa. The protein exhibited serine protease activity and displayed cytopathic activity on VERO primary kidney, HK-2 bladder and HEp-2 cell lines; the name Sat (secreted autotransporter toxin) was derived from these properties. In addition, Sat antibodies were present in the serum of mice infected with E. coli CFT073. Based upon its association with pathogenic isolates, its cytopathic phenotype and its ability to elicit a strong antibody response after infection, we postulate that Sat represents a novel virulence determinant of uropathogenic E. coli.
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PMID:Identification of sat, an autotransporter toxin produced by uropathogenic Escherichia coli. 1102 90

We have identified two chromosomal open reading frames in uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strain CFT073 which are highly homologous to serine protease autotransporters Pic and Tsh. Both cloned determinants were correlated with the presence of 105- to 110-kDa proteins in the culture supernatants. Furthermore, in cellular fractionation experiments, 30-kDa polypeptides were identified in the outer membrane; we speculated that these proteins are the beta-barrel portions of the autotransporter homologues. Furthermore, Pic-containing culture supernatants have serine protease activity. In reverse transcription-PCR analyses, the expression of the pic and tsh genes in E. coli CFT073 was higher in broth cultures grown at 37 degrees C than at 25 degrees C. Moreover, pic and tsh were expressed by bacteria isolated from urine of transurethrally infected mice. The tsh determinant was identified in 63% of our clinical UPEC strain isolates (n = 87) and in 33% of fecal strains (n = 27), whereas pic was present in 31% of the pyelonephritis (n = 67) and 7% of the fecal strains. There was no significant correlation between cystitis strains (n = 20) and the pic determinant.
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PMID:Autotransporter genes pic and tsh are associated with Escherichia coli strains that cause acute pyelonephritis and are expressed during urinary tract infection. 1468 42

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli is the most common cause of urinary tract infection (UTI). Cystitis in women is by far the most common UTI; pyelonephritis in both sexes and prostatitis in men are more severe but are less frequent complaints. The ability of E. coli to cause UTI is associated with specific virulence determinants, some of which are encoded on pathogenicity islands (PAI). One such PAI (PAI IICFT073), of the prototypical uropathogenic E. coli strain CFT073, contains 116 open reading frames, including iron-regulated genes, carbohydrate biosynthetic genes, the serine protease autotransporter picU, a two-partner secretion system, a type I secretion system, mobility genes, and a large number of hypothetical genes. To determine the association of PAI IICFT073 with UTI, PCR was used to examine the prevalence of the five virulence-associated loci among the ECOR collection and a collection of E. coli isolated from patients with cystitis, pyelonephritis, prostatitis, or septicemia. All PAI IICFT073 loci were found to be more prevalent among the B2 phylogenetic group than any other group within the ECOR collection and among invasive prostatitis strains than were cystitis or pyelonephritis strains. These data support the theory that clinical isolates causing prostatitis are more virulent than those producing cystitis or pyelonephritis in women.
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PMID:Prevalence of pathogenicity island IICFT073 genes among extraintestinal clinical isolates of Escherichia coli. 1587 76

Urinary tract infections continue to be among the most common extraintestinal diseases. Cystitis in women is by far the most common urinary tract infection; pyelonephritis in both sexes and prostatitis in men are more severe but less frequent complaints. Escherichia coli is by far the most common cause of urinary tract infection. It is believed that uropathogenic E. coli is adept at colonizing the urinary tract via the production of specific virulence factors. Recently, a novel virulence determinant, Vat, was described for the prototypical uropathogenic E. coli strain CFT073. Vat is a member of the SPATE (serine protease autotransporters of the Enterobacteriaceae) subfamily of the autotransporters. Previously, SPATEs have been described for all pathovars of E. coli, but until recently their presence had been noticeably absent in nonpathogenic E. coli. In this report we describe the prevalence and phylogenetic distribution of the SPATEs among uropathogenic E. coli and the ECOR collection, demonstrating an association between the presence of the SPATEs, including Vat, and uropathogenic E. coli phylogroups. In addition, we describe the distribution of SPATEs among nonpathogenic E. coli.
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PMID:Distribution of the serine protease autotransporters of the Enterobacteriaceae among extraintestinal clinical isolates of Escherichia coli. 1608 54